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Linux命令之tee - 重定向输出到多个文件

http://blog.163.com/shi_shun/blog/static/237078492011112695923852/

用途说明

在执行Linux命令时,我们可以把输出重定向到文件中,比如 ls >a.txt,这时我们就不能看到输出了,如果我们既想把输出保存到文件中,又想在屏幕上看到输出内容,就可以使用tee命令了。tee命令读取标准输入,把这些内容同时输出到标准输出和(多个)文件中(read from standard input and write to standard output and files. Copy standard input to each FILE, and also to standard output. If a FILE is -, copy again to standard output.)。在info tee中说道:tee命令可以重定向标准输出到多个文件(`tee': Redirect output to multiple files. The `tee' command copies standard input to standard output and also to any files given as arguments.  This is useful when you want not only to send some data down a pipe, but also to save a copy.)。要注意的是:在使用管道线时,前一个命令的标准错误输出不会被tee读取。

常用参数

格式:tee

只输出到标准输出,因为没有指定文件嘛。

格式:tee file

输出到标准输出的同时,保存到文件file中。如果文件不存在,则创建;如果已经存在,则覆盖之。(If a file being written to does not already exist, it is created. If a file being written to already exists, the data it previously

contained is overwritten unless the `-a' option is used.)

格式:tee -a file

输出到标准输出的同时,追加到文件file中。如果文件不存在,则创建;如果已经存在,就在末尾追加内容,而不是覆盖。

格式:tee -

输出到标准输出两次。(A FILE of `-' causes `tee' to send another copy of input to standard output, but this is typically not that useful as the copies are interleaved.)

格式:tee file1 file2 -

输出到标准输出两次,同时保存到file1和file2中。

使用示例

示例一 tee命令与重定向的对比

[[email protected] ~]# seq 5 >1.txt 

[[email protected] ~]# cat 1.txt 

1

2

3

4

5

[[email protected] ~]# cat 1.txt >2.txt 

[[email protected] ~]# cat 1.txt | tee 3.txt 

1

2

3

4

5

[[email protected] ~]# cat 2.txt 

1

2

3

4

5

[[email protected] ~]# cat 3.txt 

1

2

3

4

5

[[email protected] ~]# cat 1.txt >>2.txt 

[[email protected] ~]# cat 1.txt | tee -a 3.txt 

1

2

3

4

5

[[email protected] ~]# cat 2.txt 

1

2

3

4

5

1

2

3

4

5

[[email protected] ~]# cat 3.txt 

1

2

3

4

5

1

2

3

4

5

[[email protected] ~]#

示例二 使用tee命令重复输出字符串

[[email protected] ~]# echo 12345 | tee 

12345

[[email protected] ~]# echo 12345 | tee - 

12345

12345

[[email protected] ~]# echo 12345 | tee - - 

12345

12345

12345

[[email protected] ~]# echo 12345 | tee - - - 

12345

12345

12345

12345

[[email protected] ~]# echo 12345 | tee - - - - 

12345

12345

12345

12345

12345

[[email protected] ~]#

[[email protected] ~]# echo -n 12345 | tee

12345[[email protected] ~]# echo -n 12345 | tee - 

1234512345[[email protected] ~]# echo -n 12345 | tee - - 

123451234512345[[email protected] ~]# echo -n 12345 | tee - - - 

12345123451234512345[[email protected] ~]# echo -n 12345 | tee - - - - 

1234512345123451234512345[[email protected] ~]#

示例三 使用tee命令把标准错误输出也保存到文件

[[email protected] ~]# ls "*" 

ls: *: 没有那个文件或目录

[[email protected] ~]# ls "*" | tee - 

ls: *: 没有那个文件或目录

[[email protected] ~]# ls "*" | tee ls.txt 

ls: *: 没有那个文件或目录

[[email protected] ~]# cat ls.txt 

[[email protected] ~]# ls "*" 2>&1 | tee ls.txt 

ls: *: 没有那个文件或目录

[[email protected] ~]# cat ls.txt 

ls: *: 没有那个文件或目录

[[email protected] ~]#

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