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qpython requests_python requests 接口测试

1、get方法请求接口

url:显而易见,就是接口的地址url啦

headers:请求头,例如:content-type = application/x-www-form-urlencoded

params:用于传递测试接口所要用的参数,这里我们用python中的字典形式(key:value)进行参数的传递。

举个例子:

importrequests

url="http://api.shein.com/login"header={"content-type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}

param={"user_id":123456,"email":"[email protected]"}

timeout=0.5response= requests.get(url, headers=header, params=param, timeout=timeout)#response = requests.request("get",url,headers=header,params=body,timeout=timeout)

print (response.text)

2、post方法请求接口

importrequests

url="http://api.shein.com/login"header={"content-type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}

param={"user_id":123456,"email":"[email protected]"}

timeout=0.5response= requests.post(url, headers=header, data=param, timeout=timeout)#response = requests.request("post",url,headers=header,data=param,timeout=timeout)

print (response.text)

importrequests

url= "https://apipc.xinqgj.com/user/login"payload= {"phone":"17779828887","pwd":"Ty+coun/mUj1saGV2OCK6p5kN9MNt8Uznj"}

headers= {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}

response= requests.request("POST", url, headers=headers, json =payload)print(response.text)

3、requests.Session()请求接口

importrequests

session= requests.Session() #定义全局session,通过 session 保持会话

classCms():deflogin(self):

url= "http://192.168.1.110:8080/cms/manage/loginJump.do"header= {"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}

parmas= {"userAccount": "admin", "loginPwd": "123456"}#通过全局 session 请求接口

res = session.post(url=url, headers=header, data=parmas)print(res.json())defqueryUserList(self):

url= "http://192.168.1.110:8080/cms/manage/queryUserList.do"header= {"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}

parmas= {"startCreateDate":"","endCreateDate":"","searchValue":"","page":"1"}#通过全局 session 请求接口

res = session.post(url=url, headers=header, data=parmas)print(res.json())if __name__ == '__main__':

Cms().login()

Cms().queryUserList()

注意:Python requests模块params、data、json的区别

requests 模块发送请求有 data、json、params 三种携带参数的方法。

params 在 get 请求中使用,data、json 在 post 请求中使用

常见的 form 表单可以直接使用 data 参数进行报文提交,data 的对象则是 python 中的字典类型

如果数据是 json 格式的参数,可直接使用 json 参数进行报文提交

4、接口的返回值操作

text:获取接口返回值的文本格式

json():获取接口返回值的json()格式

status_code:返回状态码(成功为:200)

headers:返回完整的响应头信息(headers['name']:返回指定的headers内容)

encoding:返回字符编码格式

url:返回接口的完整url地址

importrequests

url= "https://xxxx.com/user/login"payload= {"phone":"1777982xxxx","pwd":"Ty+coun/mUj1saGV2OCK6p5kN9MNt8UznjaGsQ5A/nKPSH1NZW"}

headers= {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}

response= requests.request("POST", url, headers=headers, json =payload)print(response.text)print(response.json())print(response.status_code)print(response.url)print(response.headers)print(response.encoding)