==================rootfs========================
mkdir /mnt/gentoo
mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/gentoo
tar xvjpf stage3-*.tar.bz2
tar xvjf /mnt/gentoo/portage-latest.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/gentoo/usr
cp -L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/
mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc
mount --rbind /sys /mnt/gentoo/sys
mount --rbind /dev /mnt/gentoo/dev
chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash
env-update
source /etc/profile
export PS1="(chroot) $PS1"
==================Portage========================
emerge-webrsync (Or) emerge --sync
eselect profile list
eselect profile set
==================make.conf
#cpu march(gcc)
#http://en.gentoo-wiki.com/wiki/Safe_Cflags/Intel#Core_i7_and_Core_i5.2C_Xeon_55xx
CFLAGS="-march=corei7-avx -O2 -pipe"#-march=corei7-avx
MAKEOPTS="-j4"
GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://mirrors.163.com/gentoo
http://mirrors.sohu.com/gentoo
http://gentoo.osuosl.org
http://distfiles.gentoo.org http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/Linux/distributions/gentoo"
SYNC="rsync://mirrors.163.com/gentoo-portage"
SYNC="rsync://rsync.gentoo.org/gentoo-portage"
==================Timezone========================
ls /usr/share/zoneinfo
cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone
==================Kernel========================
emerge gentoo-sources
cd /usr/src/linux
make menuconfig
+++
Executable file formats / Emulations --->
[*] IA32 Emulation
Device Drivers --->
Generic Driver Options --->
[*] Maintain a devtmpfs filesystem to mount at /dev
[ ] Automount devtmpfs at /dev, after the kernel mounted the rootfs
File systems --->
Pseudo Filesystems --->
[*] /proc file system support
[*] Virtual memory file system support (former shm fs)
+++
make && make modules_install
cp arch/x86_64/boot/bzImage /boot/kernel-3.7.10-gentoo
cp .config /boot/config-3.7.10-gentoo
find /lib/modules/<kernel version>/ -type f -iname '*.o' -or -iname '*.ko' | less
#For instance, to automatically load the 3c59x.ko
nano -w /etc/conf.d/modules
modules_2_6="3c59x"
==================Config========================
nano -w /etc/fstab
nano -w /etc/conf.d/hostname
nano -w /etc/conf.d/net
config_eth0="dhcp"
cd /etc/init.d
ln -s net.lo net.eth0
rc-update add net.eth0 default
nano -w /etc/hosts
passwd
nano -w /etc/rc.conf
nano -w /etc/conf.d/keymaps
nano -w /etc/conf.d/hwclock
=============locales
nano -w /etc/locale.gen
en_US ISO-8859-1
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
zh_CN.GB18030 GB18030
zh_CN.GB2312 GB2312
zh_CN.GBK GBK
zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8
zh_HK.UTF-8 UTF-8
zh_TW.BIG5 BIG5
zh_TW.UTF-8 UTF-8
locale-gen
nano -w /etc/env.d/02locale
env-update && source /etc/profile
==================Systool========================
emerge syslog-ng
rc-update add syslog-ng default
opt)emerge vixie-cron &&
rc-update add vixie-cron default &&
(Only if you have chosen dcron or fcron) crontab /etc/crontab
opt)emerge mlocate
opt)rc-update add sshd default &&
nano -w /etc/inittab
# SERIAL CONSOLES
s0:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 9600 ttyS0 vt100
s1:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty 9600 ttyS1 vt100
emerge dhcpcd
opt)emerge ppp
==================Grub========================
emerge grub
nano -w /boot/grub/grub.conf
title Gentoo Linux 3.4.9
root (hd0,1)
kernel /boot/kernel-3.4.9-gentoo root=/dev/sda2
title Windows 7
rootnoverify (hd0,0)
makeactive
chainloader +1
grub --no-floppy
root (hd0,1)
setup (hd0)
opt)grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/mtab && grep -v rootfs /proc/mounts > /etc/mtab
==================Reboot========================
# exit
cdimage ~# cd
cdimage ~# umount -l /mnt/gentoo/dev{/shm,/pts,}
cdimage ~# umount -l /mnt/gentoo{/boot,/proc,}
cdimage ~# reboot
==================User========================
useradd -m -G users,wheel,audio -s /bin/bash lin //?????
passwd lin
==================package.mask========================
#>sys-boot/grub-0.97
#>sys-kernel/gentoo-sources-3.7.10
==================Kernel========================
http://www.kernel-seeds.org/
http://lamp.linux.gov.cn/Linux/kernel_options.html
http://www.linuxsir.org/bbs/thread322894.html
http://www.cnblogs.com/kulin/archive/2013/01/04/linux-core.html
PCI ID Works? Vendor Device Driver Kernel
80860104 Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller
80860116 Yes Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller i915 v2.6.38-
80861c3a Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1
80861c2d Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2
80861c20 Yes Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller snd-hda-intel v2.6.34-
80861c10 Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1
80861c12 Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 2
80861c16 Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4
80861c26 Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1
80861c49 Yes Intel Corporation HM65 Express Chipset Family LPC Controller iTCO_wdt v2.6.34-
80861c03 Yes Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family 6 port SATA AHCI Controller ahci v2.6.34-
80861c22 Yes Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller i2c-i801 v2.6.34-
80860084 Yes Intel Corporation Centrino Wireless-N 1000 [Condor Peak] iwlwifi v2.6.30-
10ec8168 Yes Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller r8169 v2.6.25-
[email protected]:~$ lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller (rev 09)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)
00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 05)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev b5)
00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev b5)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev b5)
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 05)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM65 Express Chipset Family LPC Controller (rev 05)
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family 6 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 05)
02:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Centrino Wireless-N 1000 [Condor Peak]
03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 06)
请教：
1，声卡现在都是现在几乎都是intel_hda，
但是里面那么多codecs你是怎么确定的？
我是没动它用默认的。
alsa里面的 OSS （大概是这个吧，就是除了选硬件设备剩下的那些）怎么选择？
我也没动，只把带有 verbose debug之类的去掉了。
2，cpu的hotplug 貌似必须被依赖，和电源管理有关，是吧。
其实我想把cpu 啊，pci啊的hotplug关掉。
3，还有就是比如说一些的东西，如unix pty，ram disk，
根本没法确认是否需要啊。unix pty 虚拟终端会用到，这个我知道，
但是也有人不用虚拟终端的。这些玩意要确认，难道要自己读kernel 的 Doc？
4，串口问题。理论上芯片组都带串口，但是我又不用，问题是我不看专家模式，
ps/2的driver会把串口依赖进去。你知道有工具可以生成依赖树吗？
5，有个叫MMU 还是 IOMMU的玩意，冒失是AMD的内存管理相关的，
我依稀记得INTEL也有这个东西。但是kernel只提供了AMD的选项，
我还是选了，能确认下来吗？
6，我发现我还有3-5个和内存相关的，在lspci上能列出来，但是信息很少的设备。
（就是比如说上面的显卡可能有8行info，那几个就一行）一看就有问题吧。
后来我看那个nv开源driver的wiki发现我的显卡还有3块buffer，
一个32M，2个16M（大概这么多）我对硬件了解太少了，不知道到kernel
能不能drive上 那个3块buffer，有可能已经drive上了。有没有相关的信息可以
提供？
1. 检测方法：
Shell代码
cat /proc/asound/card0/codec#0 |grep Codec
Codec: IDT 92HD90BXX
然后再查一下
Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio-Controls.txt
Documentation/sound/alsa/HD-Audio.txt
现在OSS已经过时了，要么用OSS4，对我来说alsa+pulseaudio已经足够
2. 这个我没有特别关注，下面是我的配置
CONFIG_HOTPLUG=y
# CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG is not set
CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU=y
CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTPLUG=y
CONFIG_ACPI_HOTPLUG_CPU=y
# CONFIG_HOTPLUG_PCI is not set
# CONFIG_USB_STORAGE_JUMPSHOT is not set
3. UNIX98_PTYS=y 这个一定选，ssh或者用xterm等时会用到，生成pts/1这样的设备
我要使用FRAMEBUFFER_CONSOLE=y，它依赖于BLK_DEV_RAM=y,如果你没啥用，可以不选，或者选成模块
4. 在个人电脑上，所有的串口，并口都可以去掉，很多主板都不带这些接口了。要用的话也是usb转串口的数据线，比如我用的prolific pl2303 usb to serial芯片的转换线：
USB_SERIAL_PL2303 [=m]
Shell代码
Location: |
| -> Device Drivers |
| -> USB support (USB_SUPPORT [=y]) |
| -> USB Serial Converter support (USB_SERIAL [=m])
5. IOMMU貌似是没啥作用，不选也没啥，但是我选了
INTEL_IOMMU [=y]
Shell代码
Location: |
| -> Device Drivers |
| -> IOMMU Hardware Support (IOMMU_SUPPORT [=y])
6. lspci -vnnn，列出的设备如果有Kernel driver in use和Kernel modules，说明已经装载驱动，但是不一定就对，如果没有，
那么就说明这个设备目前没有对应的驱动。
==================lsmod================ =======
dm_crypt 22820 0
snd_hda_codec_hdmi 36748 1 closed (and snd_rawmidi)
snd_hda_codec_realtek 78399 1 IIIIIIIIIII
snd_hda_intel 39619 1 ||||||||||
snd_hda_codec 136128 3 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel |||||||||
snd_hwdep 13602 1 snd_hda_codec |||||||||||||
uvcvideo 80847 0 ||||||||||
rts5139 352481 0 \\\\\\\\\\\\wiat
snd_pcm 97451 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel ||||||||||||
videobuf2_vmalloc 13056 1 uvcvideo
videobuf2_memops 13202 1 videobuf2_vmalloc
snd_page_alloc 18710 2 snd_pcm,snd_hda_intel
videobuf2_core 40513 1 uvcvideo
videodev 129260 2 uvcvideo,videobuf2_core
snd_seq_midi 13324 0
coretemp 13355 0
arc4 12615 2
snd_seq_midi_event 14899 1 snd_seq_midi
snd_rawmidi 30180 1 snd_seq_midi
kvm_intel 132891 0
joydev 17377 0
snd_seq 61554 2 snd_seq_midi_event,snd_seq_midi
iwldvm 241834 0
kvm 443165 1 kvm_intel
mac80211 606411 1 iwldvm ||||||||||||||||||||
acer_wmi 32467 0
ideapad_laptop 18394 0 |||||||||||||||||
snd_seq_device 14497 3 snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq_midi
ghash_clmulni_intel 13259 0
snd_timer 29425 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq
cryptd 20373 1 ghash_clmulni_intel
mei 41158 0
sparse_keymap 13890 2 acer_wmi,ideapad_laptop
iwlwifi 173477 1 iwldvm ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
bnep 18036 2
lpc_ich 17061 0
mac_hid 13205 0
dm_multipath 22843 0
psmouse 95870 0 |||||||||||||||||||||||||
rfcomm 42641 4
bluetooth 228619 10 bnep,rfcomm
scsi_dh 14843 1 dm_multipath
serio_raw 13215 0
snd 68876 12 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hwdep,snd_timer,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_pcm,snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel,snd_seq_device
cfg80211 510937 3 iwlwifi,mac80211,iwldvm
soundcore 12680 1 snd
microcode 22881 0
squashfs 36522 1
overlayfs 28003 1
nls_iso8859_1 12713 1
dm_raid45 76725 0
xor 17116 1 dm_raid45
dm_mirror 21946 0
dm_region_hash 20820 1 dm_mirror
dm_log 18529 3 dm_region_hash,dm_mirror,dm_raid45
usb_storage 57204 1
hid_generic 12540 0
usbhid 47074 0
hid 101002 2 hid_generic,usbhid
i915 600303 2
r8169 67446 0 |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
wmi 19070 1 acer_wmi
video 19390 2 i915,acer_wmi
i2c_algo_bit 13413 1 i915
drm_kms_helper 49394 1 i915
ahci 25731 2 ||||||||||||||||||||||
libahci 31364 1 ahci
drm 286313 3 i915,drm_kms_helper
==================Kernel unsure========================
Blo
│ │ Partition Types --->
Pow
Turbo mode CPU Frequency Scaling ????? (1+3+2mod)
Intel chipset idle memory power saving driver -- CONFIG_I7300_IDLE (mod)
--- ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) Support
│ │ [*] Deprecated /proc/acpi files
│ │ [*] Deprecated power /proc/acpi directories
│ │ < > EC read/write access through /sys/kernel/debug/ec
│ │ [*] Deprecated /proc/acpi/event support
Pro
│ │ [*] EFI runtime service support
│ │ [ ] EFI stub support
│ [*] Check for low memory corruption
│ │ [*] Set the default setting of memory_corruption_check
Bus
│ │ [ ] PCI PRI support
│ │ [ ] PCI PASID support
Net
│ <*> Bluetooth subsystem support --->
DD
hdmi(not open)
│ Input device support
│ -*- Support for memoryless force-feedback devices
│ -*- LED Support --->
│ [*] EDAC (Error Detection And Correction) reporting --->
│ < > MMC/SD/SDIO card support --->
==================Kernel confirmed========================
Pro
│ │ [*] IBM Calgary IOMMU support
│ │ [*] Should Calgary be enabled by default?
disabled for
[ 0.000000] Calgary: detecting Calgary via BIOS EBDA area
[ 0.000000] Calgary: Unable to locate Rio Grande table in EBDA - bailing!
int __init detect_calgary(void)
│ [*] Numa Memory Allocation and Scheduler Support
│ │ [ ] Old style AMD Opteron NUMA detection
│ │ [*] ACPI NUMA detection
│ │ [ ] NUMA emulation
│ │ (4) Maximum NUMA Nodes (as a power of 2)
disabled for
[ 0.000000] No NUMA configuration found
static int __init dummy_numa_init(void)
{
printk(KERN_INFO "%s\n",
numa_off ? "NUMA turned off" : "No NUMA configuration found");
void __init x86_numa_init(void)
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