docker常用镜像安装-mysql 5.x、8.x（单机、集群、主从）

#头条创作挑战赛#

单机

5.x

docker pull mysql:5.7.37
docker run -d -p 3306:3306 --name mysql-5.7.37 \
--privileged=true --restart=always \
-v /opt/docker/mysql-5.7.37/log:/var/log/mysql \
-v /opt/docker/mysql-5.7.37/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /opt/docker/mysql-5.7.37/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=a19861125 mysql:5.7.37

#进入容器
docker exec -it mysql:5.7.37 bash

#登录mysql
mysql -u root -p

#/usr/gonice/docker/mysql/conf目录下添加my.cnf（简单配置）
[client]  
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8 
collation-server=utf8_general_ci           

8.x

docker pull mysql:8.0.28
docker run -d -p 3306:3306 --name mysql-8.0.28 \
--privileged=true --restart=always \
-v /opt/docker/mysql-8.0.28/log:/var/log/mysql \
-v /opt/docker/mysql-8.0.28/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /opt/docker/mysql-8.0.28/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=a19861125 mysql:8.0.28           

集群

1、修改配置文件

注意：宿主机配置文件不能给写权限，否则启动时会改写配置，导致配置无效

[mysqld]
skip-name-resolve
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
secure-file-priv= NULL
lower_case_table_names=1
symbolic-links=0
# 服务器唯一ID，默认是1
server-id=4306
# 启用二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin

# Custom config should go here
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/           

2、启动容器

主库

docker run -d -p 4306:3306 --name mysql-4306 \
--privileged=true --restart=always \
-v /home/fzp_ms/docker/mysql/4306/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /home/fzp_ms/docker/mysql/4306/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf \
-v /home/fzp_ms/docker/mysql/4306/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
-v /home/fzp_ms/docker/mysql/4306/mysql-files:/var/lib/mysql-files \
-v /home/fzp_ms/docker/mysql/4306/logs:/var/log/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=sundun \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_HOST=% \
-e TZ=Asia/Shanghai \
mysql:8.0.23 \
--lower-case-table-names=1           

从库

docker run -d -p 4307:3306 --name mysql-4307 \
--privileged=true --restart=always \
-v /home/fzp_ms/docker/mysql/4307/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /home/fzp_ms/docker/mysql/4307/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf \
-v /home/fzp_ms/docker/mysql/4307/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
-v /home/fzp_ms/docker/mysql/4307/mysql-files:/var/lib/mysql-files \
-v /home/fzp_ms/docker/mysql/4307/logs:/var/log/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=sundun \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_HOST=% \
-e TZ=Asia/Shanghai \
mysql:8.0.23 \
--lower-case-table-names=1           

3、主库创建复制用户

CREATE USER 'sundun'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'sundun';
 
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'sundun'@'%';           

4、查看主库状态

mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 |      663 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)           

5、从库配置

change master to master_host='192.168.0.246', master_user='sundun', master_password='sundun', master_port=4306, master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003', master_log_pos=663, master_connect_retry=30;
 
master_port：Master的端口号，指的是容器的端口号
master_user：用于数据同步的用户
master_password：用于同步的用户的密码
master_log_file：指定 Slave 从哪个日志文件开始复制数据，即上文中提到的 File 字段的值
master_log_pos：从哪个 Position 开始读，即上文中提到的 Position 字段的值
master_connect_retry：如果连接失败，重试的时间间隔，单位是秒，默认是60秒           

6、从库开启主从复制

# 开启主从复制
start slave;
# 查看状态
show slave status \G