1、引入JAR包
发送请求要用到的commons-httpclient包以及需要对请求的参数等进行json操作的fastjson 包
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.70</version>
</dependency>
2、封装好一个发送请求的工具类
HttpClientToInterface.class
package com.sanshui.sanshuiproject.utils;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.sanshui.sanshuiproject.pojo.UserNonDocument;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.*;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.GetMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.StringRequestEntity;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
public class HttpClientToInterface {
/**
* httpClient的get请求方式
* 使用GetMethod来访问一个URL对应的网页实现步骤:
* 1.生成一个HttpClient对象并设置相应的参数;
* 2.生成一个GetMethod对象并设置响应的参数;
* 3.用HttpClient生成的对象来执行GetMethod生成的Get方法;
* 4.处理响应状态码;
* 5.若响应正常,处理HTTP响应内容;
* 6.释放连接。
* @param url
* @param charset
* @return
*/
public static String doGet(String url, String charset){
/**
* 1.生成HttpClient对象并设置参数
*/
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
//设置Http连接超时为5秒
httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setConnectionTimeout(5000);
/**
* 2.生成GetMethod对象并设置参数
*/
GetMethod getMethod = new GetMethod(url);
//设置get请求超时为5秒
getMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.SO_TIMEOUT, 5000);
//设置请求重试处理,用的是默认的重试处理:请求三次
getMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.RETRY_HANDLER, new DefaultHttpMethodRetryHandler());
String response = "";
/**
* 3.执行HTTP GET 请求
*/
try {
int statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(getMethod);
/**
* 4.判断访问的状态码
*/
if (statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK){
System.err.println("请求出错:" + getMethod.getStatusLine());
}
/**
* 5.处理HTTP响应内容
*/
//HTTP响应头部信息,这里简单打印
Header[] headers = getMethod.getResponseHeaders();
for (Header h: headers){
System.out.println(h.getName() + "---------------" + h.getValue());
}
//读取HTTP响应内容,这里简单打印网页内容
//读取为字节数组
byte[] responseBody = getMethod.getResponseBody();
response = new String(responseBody, charset);
System.out.println("-----------response:" + response);
//读取为InputStream,在网页内容数据量大时候推荐使用
//InputStream response = getMethod.getResponseBodyAsStream();
} catch (HttpException e) {
//发生致命的异常,可能是协议不对或者返回的内容有问题
System.out.println("请检查输入的URL!");
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e){
//发生网络异常
System.out.println("发生网络异常!");
}finally {
/**
* 6.释放连接
*/
getMethod.releaseConnection();
}
return response;
}
/**
* post请求
* @param url
* @param json
* @return
*/
public static String doPost(String url, String json){
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url);
postMethod.addRequestHeader("accept", "*/*");
postMethod.addRequestHeader("connection", "Keep-Alive");
//设置json格式传送
postMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");
//必须设置下面这个Header
postMethod.addRequestHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.81 Safari/537.36");
//添加请求参数
postMethod.addParameter("commentId", json);
String res = "";
try {
int code = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
if (code == 200){
res = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return res;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
doGet("http://tcc.taobao.com/cc/json/mobile_tel_segment.htm?tel=13026194071", "UTF-8");
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put("commentId", "13026194071");
String jsonString = JSONObject.toJSONString(jsonObject);
doPost("http://tcc.taobao.com/cc/json/mobile_tel_segment.htm?tel=13026194071", jsonString);
}
}
3、调用第三方接口
url【String】:调用接口的API 字符串类型
json【String】:调用接口所需的参数 字符串类型,也可以把对象类型的数据转化为JSON字符串再进行传输
//对象转为json字符串
String json = JSON.toJSONString(userNonDocument);
//调用工具类的POST方法
String s = HttpClientToInterface.doPost(url, json);
//调用工具类的GET方法
String s = HttpClientToInterface.doGet(url, json);
4、对第三方接口返回的参数进行解析
private static NCResult readStringXmlOut(String xml) { NCResult nr = null; Document doc = null; try { doc = DocumentHelper.parseText(xml); Element rootElt = doc.getRootElement(); Element data = rootElt.element("return"); String sign = data.getText(); nr = (需要解析的实体类)JSON.parseObject(sign, 需要解析的实体类.class); } catch (DocumentException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return nr; }
5、解析第三方接口返回的参数
通过解析后的返回值就可以对实体类进行操作
//调用第4步的方法
需要解析的实体类 nc = readStringXmlOut(s);