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【MFC系列-第23天】CMemoryDC的封装过程23.1 LoadImage API23.2 解决闪烁问题:23.3 CMemoryDC类23.4 采用CMemoryDC类实现图片旋转23.5 采用CMemoryDC类实现蝴蝶动画

CDC(HDC)绘图类:

五大GDI对象类:

CPen,CBrush,CFont,CBitmap,CRgn

23.1 LoadImage API

HANDLE LoadImage(
  HINSTANCE hinst,
  LPCTSTR lpszName, 
  UINT uType, 
  int cxDesired,
  int cyDesired,
  UINT fuLoad 
);
           

uType参数填写以下三种:

IMAGE_BITMAP Loads a bitmap.
 
IMAGE_CURSOR Loads a cursor.
 
IMAGE_ICON Loads an icon
           

从HINSTANCE内部加载

void CTestImageDlg::OnBnClickedButton1()
{
	static HICON hIcon = (HICON)::LoadImage(theApp.m_hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_TEST, IMAGE_ICON, 0, 0, LR_DEFAULTCOLOR);
	SetIcon(hIcon, TRUE);
	SetIcon(hIcon, FALSE);
	//*.cur
}


m_hBitmap = (HBITMAP)::LoadImage(AfxGetInstanceHandle(), MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_BITMAP1),
	IMAGE_BITMAP, 0, 0, LR_DEFAULTCOLOR);

m_hBitmap = ::LoadBitmap(theApp.m_hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_BITMAP1));
           

从文件中直接加载

m_hBitmap =  (HBITMAP)::LoadImage(NULL, _T("./ban.bmp"),
	IMAGE_BITMAP, 0, 0, LR_LOADFROMFILE | LR_DEFAULTSIZE);

HICON hIcon = (HICON)::LoadImage(NULL, _T("DfIcon.ico"),
		IMAGE_BITMAP, 0, 0,  LR_LOADFROMFILE| LR_DEFAULTSIZE);
	SetIcon(hIcon, TRUE);
	SetIcon(hIcon, FALSE);
           

显示

//CDC mdc;
//BITMAP bm;
//::GetObject(m_hBitmap, sizeof(bm), &bm);
//mdc.CreateCompatibleDC(&dc);
//mdc.SelectObject(m_hBitmap);
dc.BitBlt(10, 40, m_mdc.GetWidth(), mdc.GetHeight(), &m_mdc, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);
           

23.2 解决闪烁问题:

1、禁用非客户区输出,让非客户区

WM_NCPAINT

产生空输出。

2、禁用客户区背景输出:

WM_ERASEBKGRAND

消息是

Invalidate(TRUE)

要调用的背景输出。

3、调用Invalidate函数时,尽量使用

FALSE

4、当有多层次输出时,使用双缓冲技术,在内存中做好多次输出的草稿。

23.3 CMemoryDC类

#ifndef __MEMDC_H__
#define __MEMDC_H__
//Author:www.baojy.com

class CMemoryDC :public CDC
{
	CSize m_size;
public:
	void BitTrans(
		int nXDest,		// 目标起点X
        int nYDest,		// 目标起点Y
        int nWidthDest,	// 目标宽度
        int nHeightDest,// 目标高度
		CDC* pDC,		// 目标DC
        int nXSrc,		// 来源起点X
        int nYSrc,		// 来源起点Y
        COLORREF crTrans// 透明色
        )
	{
		CMemoryDC dcImage(nWidthDest, nHeightDest,pDC);//临时DC
		CBitmap bmpMask;
		bmpMask.CreateBitmap(nWidthDest, nHeightDest, 1, 1, NULL);            // 创建单色掩码位图
		CDC dcMask;//掩码DC 
		dcMask.CreateCompatibleDC(pDC);
		dcMask.SelectObject(bmpMask);
		//将载入位图的内存DC中的位图,拷贝到临时DC中
		dcImage.BitBlt( 0, 0, nWidthDest, nHeightDest, this, nXSrc, nYSrc, SRCCOPY);
		
		// 设置临时DC的透明色
		dcImage.SetBkColor(crTrans);
		//掩码DC的透明区域为白色其它区域为黑色
		dcMask.BitBlt(0, 0, nWidthDest, nHeightDest, &dcImage, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);
		
		//临时DC透明区域为黑色,其它区域保持不变
		dcImage.SetBkColor(RGB(0,0,0));
		dcImage.SetTextColor(RGB(255,255,255));
		dcImage.BitBlt( 0, 0, nWidthDest, nHeightDest, &dcMask, 0, 0, SRCAND);
		
		// 目标DC透明部分保持屏幕不变,其它部分变成黑色
		pDC ->SetBkColor(RGB(255,255,255));
		pDC ->SetTextColor(RGB(0,0,0));
		pDC ->BitBlt(nXDest, nYDest, nWidthDest, nHeightDest, &dcMask, 0, 0, SRCAND);
		pDC ->BitBlt(nXDest, nYDest, nWidthDest, nHeightDest, &dcImage, 0, 0, SRCPAINT);
	} 
	void StretchTrans(
		int nXDest,			// 目标起点X
		int nYDest,			// 目标起点Y
		int nWidthDest,     // 目标宽度
		int nHeightDest,    // 目标高度
		CDC* pDC,			// 目标DC
		int nXSrc,			// 来源起点X
		int nYSrc,			// 来源起点Y
		int nWidthSrc,		// 来源宽度
		int nHeightSrc,		// 来源高度
		COLORREF crTrans	// 透明色
		)
	{
		CMemoryDC dcImage(nWidthDest, nHeightDest,pDC);//临时DC
		CBitmap bmpMask;
		// 创建单色掩码位图
		bmpMask.CreateBitmap(nWidthDest, nHeightDest, 1, 1, NULL);
		CDC dcMask;
		dcMask.CreateCompatibleDC(pDC);
		dcMask.SelectObject(bmpMask);
	
		// 将载入位图的内存DC中的位图,拷贝到临时DC中
		if (nWidthDest == nWidthSrc && nHeightDest == nHeightSrc)
			dcImage.BitBlt(0, 0, nWidthDest, nHeightDest, this, nXSrc, nYSrc, SRCCOPY);
		else
			dcImage.StretchBlt(0, 0, nWidthDest, nHeightDest, 
				this, nXSrc, nYSrc, nWidthSrc, nHeightSrc, SRCCOPY);
		
		// 设置临时DC的透明色
		dcImage.SetBkColor( crTrans);
		//掩码DC的透明区域为白色其它区域为黑色
		dcMask.BitBlt(0,0,nWidthDest, nHeightDest,&dcImage,0,0,SRCCOPY);
		
		//临时DC透明区域为黑色,其它区域保持不变
		dcImage.SetBkColor(RGB(0,0,0));
		dcImage.SetTextColor(RGB(255,255,255));
		dcImage.BitBlt(0, 0, nWidthDest, nHeightDest, &dcMask, 0, 0, SRCAND);
		
		// 目标DC透明部分保持屏幕不变,其它部分变成黑色
		pDC ->SetBkColor(RGB(255,255,255));
		pDC ->SetTextColor(RGB(0,0,0));
		pDC ->BitBlt(nXDest, nYDest, nWidthDest, nHeightDest, &dcMask, 0, 0, SRCAND);
		pDC ->BitBlt(nXDest, nYDest, nWidthDest, nHeightDest, &dcImage, 0, 0, SRCPAINT);
	}	
	CMemoryDC()
	{
		m_size.cx = m_size.cy = 0;
	}
	//从资源中加载位图
	BOOL LoadBitmap(UINT nBitmapID,CDC* pDC=NULL)
	{
		CBitmap bitmap;
		bitmap.LoadBitmap(nBitmapID);
		BITMAP bm;
		bitmap.GetBitmap(&bm);
		m_size.cx = bm.bmWidth;
		m_size.cy = bm.bmHeight;
		CreateCompatibleDC(pDC);
		SelectObject(bitmap);
		return TRUE;
	}
	CMemoryDC(UINT nBitmapID,CDC* pDC=NULL)
	{
		LoadBitmap(nBitmapID,pDC);
	}
	//从.bmp文件中加载位图
	BOOL LoadBitmap(LPCTSTR szBitmapFile,CDC* pDC=NULL)
	{
		HBITMAP hBitmap = (HBITMAP)LoadImage(AfxGetInstanceHandle(),
			szBitmapFile,IMAGE_BITMAP,0,0,LR_LOADFROMFILE);
		BITMAP bm;
		GetObject(hBitmap,sizeof(bm),&bm);
		m_size.cx = bm.bmWidth;
		m_size.cy = bm.bmHeight;
		CreateCompatibleDC(pDC);
		SelectObject(hBitmap);		
		return TRUE;
	}
	CMemoryDC(LPCTSTR szBitmapFile,CDC* pDC=NULL)
	{
		LoadBitmap(szBitmapFile,pDC);
	}
	//创建一张空白内存画布
	BOOL Create(int cx,int cy,CDC* pDC = NULL)
	{
		CreateCompatibleDC(pDC);
		CBitmap bitmap;
		if(pDC)
			bitmap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(pDC,cx,cy);
		else
			bitmap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(&CClientDC(NULL),cx,cy);
		m_size.cx = cx;
		m_size.cy = cy;
		SelectObject(bitmap);
		return TRUE;
	}
	CMemoryDC(int cx,int cy,CDC* pDC = NULL)
	{
		Create(cx,cy,pDC);
	}
	//摧毁
	BOOL DeleteDC()
	{
		if(!GetSafeHdc())
			return TRUE;
		CBitmap * pBitmap = GetCurrentBitmap();
		pBitmap ->DeleteObject();
		return CDC::DeleteDC();
	}
	~CMemoryDC()
	{
		DeleteDC();
	}
	inline int Width(){return m_size.cx;}
	inline int Height(){return m_size.cy;}
};
#endif //__MEMDC_H__
           

23.4 采用CMemoryDC类实现图片旋转

//1、加载资源位图
//2、加载外部位图
//3、创建空白位图(黑色:指定高宽)
//4、显示透明和伸缩透明图片
           
m_dcBack.LoadBitmap(IDB_BITMAP1); // 初始化

void CPageDlg::OnPaint()
{
	CPaintDC dc(this); // 用于绘制的设备上下文
	CRect rect;
	GetClientRect(rect);
	CMemoryDC mdc(rect.Width(), rect.Height(),&dc);//缓冲DC:黑色
	mdc.FillSolidRect(rect, GetSysColor(COLOR_3DFACE)); // 缓冲DC:灰色
	mdc.StretchBlt(m_nLeft, 0, rect.Width() - m_nLeft * 2, rect.Height(),
		&m_dcBack, 0, 0, rect.Width(), rect.Height(), SRCCOPY); // 绘图输出到缓冲DC中

	dc.BitBlt(0, 0, rect.Width(),rect.Height(), &mdc, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);//一次性对界面(dc)输出
}
           

23.5 采用CMemoryDC类实现蝴蝶动画

#include "MemoryDC.h"
#pragma once

// CfsDlg 对话框
class CfsDlg : public CDialogEx
{
	CMemoryDC m_dc;//缓冲
	enum { PAGE_COUNT =7};
	CMemoryDC m_dcBack;
	CMemoryDC m_dcFly[PAGE_COUNT];
	struct SData
	{
		CPoint pos;
		CPoint dir;//5,5    -5,5       5,-5    -5,-5
		int nIndex;
	};
	CArray<SData> m_arr;//动态数组
public:
	CfsDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);	// 标准构造函数
protected:
	HICON m_hIcon;
	virtual BOOL OnInitDialog();
	afx_msg void OnPaint();
	afx_msg HCURSOR OnQueryDragIcon();
	DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
public:
	afx_msg BOOL OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC);
	afx_msg void OnNcPaint();
	afx_msg void OnLButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point);
	afx_msg void OnTimer(UINT_PTR nIDEvent);
};

BOOL CfsDlg::OnInitDialog()
{
	CDialogEx::OnInitDialog();
	srand(time(NULL));
	m_dcBack.LoadBitmap(_T("./images/back.bmp"));
	
	int cx = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN);
	int cy = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN);

	SetWindowPos(NULL, 0, 0, cx, cy, 0);
	m_dc.Create(cx, cy);
	int i = -1;
	CString str;
	while (++i<_countof(m_dcFly))
	{
		str.Format(_T("./images/%03d.bmp"), i + 1);
		m_dcFly[i].LoadBitmap(str);
	}
	
	SetTimer(1, 20, NULL);
	SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);			// 设置大图标
	SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);		// 设置小图标
	return TRUE;  // 除非将焦点设置到控件,否则返回 TRUE
}

void CfsDlg::OnPaint()
{
		CPaintDC dc(this); //界面dc

		CRect rect;
		GetClientRect(rect);
		//dc.BitBlt(0, 0, m_dcBack.GetWidth(), m_dcBack.GetHeight(), &m_dcBack, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);
		m_dc.StretchBlt(0, 0, rect.Width(), rect.Height(), &m_dcBack, 0, 0, m_dcBack.GetWidth(), m_dcBack.GetHeight(), SRCCOPY);
		int i = 0,nSize = m_arr.GetSize();
		while (i < nSize)
		{
			SData& d = m_arr[i];
		m_dcFly[d.nIndex].BitTrans(d.pos.x,d.pos.y ,m_dcFly->GetWidth(),m_dcFly->GetHeight(),&m_dc,0,0,0);
			if (++d.nIndex > 6)
				d.nIndex = 0;
			d.pos.Offset(d.dir);
			GetClientRect(rect);
			if (d.pos.x >= rect.right - m_dcFly->GetWidth() || d.pos.x <= 0)
				d.dir.x *= -1;
			if (d.pos.y >= rect.bottom - m_dcFly->GetHeight() || d.pos.y <= 0)
				d.dir.y *= -1;	
			++i;
		}
		dc.BitBlt(0, 0, rect.Width(), rect.Height(), &m_dc, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);
}

BOOL CfsDlg::OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC)
{
	return TRUE;
}

void CfsDlg::OnNcPaint()
{

}

void CfsDlg::OnLButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)
{//无限增长的蝴蝶个数
	SData data = { point,{5,5},0 };
	if(rand()%2) //893253%2 
		data.dir.x *= -1;
	if (rand() % 2) //547547%2 
		data.dir.y *= -1;

	m_arr.Add(data);
	CDialogEx::OnLButtonDown(nFlags, point);
}

void CfsDlg::OnTimer(UINT_PTR nIDEvent)
{
	Invalidate(FALSE);

	CDialogEx::OnTimer(nIDEvent);
}
           

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