关键字: oracle 1.基本结构
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE 存储过程名字
(
参数1 IN NUMBER,
参数2 IN NUMBER
) IS
变量1 INTEGER :=0;
变量2 DATE;
BEGIN
END 存储过程名字
2.SELECT INTO STATEMENT
将select查询的结果存入到变量中,可以同时将多个列存储多个变量中,必须有一条
记录,否则抛出异常(如果没有记录抛出NO_DATA_FOUND)
例子:
BEGIN
SELECT col1,col2 into 变量1,变量2 FROM typestruct where xxx;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
xxxx;
END;
...
3.IF 判断
IF V_TEST=1 THEN
BEGIN
do something
END;
END IF;
4.while 循环
WHILE V_TEST=1 LOOP
BEGIN
XXXX
END;
END LOOP;
5.变量赋值
V_TEST := 123;
6.用for in 使用cursor
...
IS
CURSOR cur IS SELECT * FROM xxx;
BEGIN
FOR cur_result in cur LOOP
BEGIN
V_SUM :=cur_result.列名1+cur_result.列名2
END;
END LOOP;
END;
7.带参数的cursor
CURSOR C_USER(C_ID NUMBER) IS SELECT NAME FROM USER WHERE TYPEID=C_ID;
OPEN C_USER(变量值);
LOOP
FETCH C_USER INTO V_NAME;
EXIT FETCH C_USER%NOTFOUND;
do something
END LOOP;
CLOSE C_USER;
8.用pl/sql developer debug
连接数据库后建立一个Test WINDOW
在窗口输入调用SP的代码,F9开始debug,CTRL+N单步调试
关于oracle存储过程的若干问题备忘
1.在oracle中,数据表别名不能加as,如:
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
select a.appname from appinfo a; -- 正确
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
select a.appname from appinfo as a; -- 错 误
也许,是怕和oracle中的存储过程中的关键字as冲突的问题吧
2.在存储过程中,select某一字段时,后面必须紧跟into,如果select整个记录,利用游标的话就另当别论了。
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
select af.keynode into kn from APPFOUNDATION af where af.appid = aid and af.foundationid = fid; -- 有into,正确编译
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
select af.keynode from APPFOUNDATION af where af.appid = aid and af.foundationid = fid; -- 没有into,编译报错,提示:Compilation
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
Error: PLS - 00428 : an INTO clause is expected in this SELECT statement
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
3.在利用select...into...语法时,必须先确保数据库中有该条记录,否则会报出"no data found"异常。
可以在该语法之前,先利用 select count(*) from 查看数据库中是否存在该记录,如果存在,再利用select...into...
4.在存储过程中,别名不能和字段名称相同,否则虽然编译可以通过,但在运行阶段会报错
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
select keynode into kn from APPFOUNDATION where appid = aid and foundationid = fid; -- 正确运行
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
select af.keynode into kn from APPFOUNDATION af where af.appid = appid and af.foundationid = foundationid ; -- 运行阶段报错,提示
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
ORA - 01422 :exact fetch returns more than requested number of rows
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
5.在存储过程中,关于出现null的问题
假设有一个表A,定义如下:
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
create table A(
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
id varchar2 ( 50 ) primary key not null ,
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
vcount number ( 8 ) not null ,
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
bid varchar2 ( 50 ) not null -- 外键
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
); 如果在存储过程中,使用如下语句:
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
select sum(vcount) into fcount from A where bid = ' xxxxxx ' ; 如果A表中不存在bid="xxxxxx"的记录,则fcount=null(即使fcount定义时设置了默认值,如:fcount number(8):=0依然无效,fcount还是会变成null),这样以后使用fcount时就可能有问题,所以在这里最好先判断一下:
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
if fcount is null then
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
fcount: = 0 ;
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
end if ; 这样就一切ok了。
6.Hibernate调用oracle存储过程
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/_0nNw4CM6IyYiwiM6ICdiwiIml2ZuUmbv50LcNncvRXYjlGZul0ZulmbpxGd190LcdmbpRHanlGbodWaohXY05Wez9CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLzV2Zh1Wavw1LcpDc0RHaiojIsJye.gif)
this .pnumberManager.getHibernateTemplate().execute(
new HibernateCallback() ... {
public Object doInHibernate(Session session)
throws HibernateException, SQLException ... {
CallableStatement cs = session
.connection()
.prepareCall( " {call modifyapppnumber_remain(?)} " );
cs.setString( 1 , foundationid);
cs.execute();
return null ;
}
} );
示例代码:
import java.sql.*;
public class DBDeclareTest{
private Connection con = null;// 数据库连接
private java.sql.CallableStatement cs = null;//执行存储过程的接口
private int key;
private String name;
//在构造函数中构造连接
public DBDeclareTest(){
try {
Class.forName("com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver");
con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://127.0.0.1:1433;databasename=pubs","sa","");
System.out.println ("con ok");
}
catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
//调用无返回值的存储过程
public void getOK1(){
try {
String sql="{call pro_mypro1(?,?)}";
cs = con.prepareCall(sql);
cs.setInt(1,key);
cs.setString(2,name);
cs.executeUpdate();
System.out.println ("执行成功,可以休息了。。。。");
cs.close();
con.close();
}
catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
//调用有返回值的存储过程
public void getOK2(){
try {
String sql = "{call pro_mypro2(?,?)}";
cs = con.prepareCall(sql);
//设置output外部传参
cs.registerOutParameter(1,java.sql.Types.BIT);
cs.setString(2,name);
cs.execute();
//获得output外部传参的值
int numOut = cs.getInt(1);
if(numOut ==1){
System.out.println ("数据表存在");
}else{
System.out.println ("数据表不存在!!!");
}
cs.close();
con.close();
}
catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
//返回结果集的存储过程
public void getOK3(){
try {
String sql = "{call pro_mypro3(?,?)}";
cs = con.prepareCall(sql);
//设置output外部传参
cs.registerOutParameter(1,java.sql.Types.BIT);
cs.setString(2,name);
boolean flag = cs.execute();
System.out.println (flag);
if(flag){
System.out.println ("OKOKOKO");
ResultSet rs = cs.getResultSet();
ResultSetMetaData rsmd =rs.getMetaData();
int numberOfColumns = rsmd.getColumnCount();
while(rs.next()){
for(int i=0;i<numberOfColumns;i++)
{
System.out.println (rsmd.getColumnName(i)+" ");
System.out.println (rs.getObject(i)+" ");
}
}
}else
{
System.out.println ("表名不存在:"+cs.getBoolean(1));
}
cs.close();
con.close();
}
catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void setKey(int k){
this.key = k;
}
public int getKey(){
return this.key;
}
public void setName(String n){
this.name = n;
}
public String getName(){
return this.name;
}
}