ASP.NET Core中使用WebSocket可以实现双向通信,以下是ASP.NET Core WebSocket的使用步骤:
创建WebSocketMiddleware
创建一个自定义的WebSocketMiddleware来处理WebSocket请求,代码如下所示:
public class WebSocketMiddleware
{
private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
public WebSocketMiddleware(RequestDelegate next)
{
_next = next;
}
public async Task Invoke(HttpContext context)
{
if (context.WebSockets.IsWebSocketRequest)
{
WebSocket webSocket = await context.WebSockets.AcceptWebSocketAsync();
await EchoAsync(context, webSocket);
}
else
{
await _next(context);
}
}
private async Task EchoAsync(HttpContext context, WebSocket webSocket)
{
var buffer = new byte[1024 * 4];
while (webSocket.State == WebSocketState.Open)
{
var result = await webSocket.ReceiveAsync(new ArraySegment<byte>(buffer), CancellationToken.None);
if (result.MessageType == WebSocketMessageType.Text)
{
var incomingMessage = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, result.Count);
var outgoingMessage = "You sent " + incomingMessage + " at " + DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString();
var outgoingBuffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(outgoingMessage);
await webSocket.SendAsync(new ArraySegment<byte>(outgoingBuffer, 0, outgoingBuffer.Length), result.MessageType, result.EndOfMessage, CancellationToken.None);
}
else if (result.MessageType == WebSocketMessageType.Close)
{
await webSocket.CloseAsync(result.CloseStatus.Value, result.CloseStatusDescription, CancellationToken.None);
}
}
}
}
注册WebSocketMiddleware
在Startup.cs文件的Configure方法中注册WebSocketMiddleware,代码如下所示:
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
app.UseRouting();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapGet("/", async context =>
{
await context.Response.WriteAsync("Hello World!");
});
endpoints.MapMiddleware<WebSocketMiddleware>("/ws");
});
}
连接WebSocket
使用JavaScript代码连接WebSocket,代码如下所示:
var ws = new WebSocket("ws://" + location.host + "/ws");
ws.onopen = function () {
console.log("WebSocket connection opened.");
};
ws.onmessage = function (event) {
console.log("Received message: " + event.data);
};
ws.onclose = function () {
console.log("WebSocket connection closed.");
};
ws.send("Hello, WebSocket!");
以上是ASP.NET Core中使用WebSocket的简单示例,通过WebSocket可以实现双向通信,可以在实时通讯、在线游戏等领域中得到广泛应用。