先看效果图:
使用主要技术一览:
1.imageRagick
2.im4java
3.spring-boot
4.hutool
部署组件:
1.nginx
2.centos7
操作步骤:
一、centos7虚拟机安装imageRagick
1.确保系统已经安装以下包:
yum install libjpeg
yum install libjpeg-devel
yum install libpng
yum install libpng-devel
yum install libtiff
yum install libtiff-devel
yum install libungif
yum install libungif-devel
yum install freetype
yum install zlib
2.通过下面的命令进行查看
rpm -qa |grep libjpeg
3.如果以前安装过,卸载掉ImageMagick
yum remove ImageMagick
yum install ImageMagick
4.编译的方式进行安装
解压xz文件成tar文件
xz -d ImageMagick-6.9.2-10.tar.xz
解压tar文件
tar xvf ImageMagick-6.9.2-10.tar
cd ImageMagick-6.9.2-10
./configure --enable-shared --without-perl(如果不行就用./configure)
make
make install
make check
5.确认是否成功
convert -geometry 100x200 源文件.jpg 处理后文件.gif (格式转换)
6.命令请自行百度学习
二、安装nginx
1.添加源
rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
2. 安装
sudo yum install -y nginx
3.启动Nginx并设置开机自动运行
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl enable nginx.service
4.熟悉一下所有nginx的命令
cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
./nginx
./nginx -s stop
./nginx -s quit
./nginx -s reload
./nginx -s quit:此方式停止步骤是待nginx进程处理任务完毕进行停止。
./nginx -s stop:此方式相当于先查出nginx进程id再使用kill命令强制杀掉进程。
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl stop nginx.service
systemctl reload nginx.service
systemctl status nginx.service
5.修改配置
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
/user/share/nginx/html
6.正式使用会是nas地址(虚拟机没有nas,只好使用/home/img模拟),如果我们想让nas地址下的image使用nginx访问:
1>.建立软连接
cd /user/share/nginx/html
ln -s /home/img .
2>.添加路径过滤
vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
server下添加:
location ^~ /img/ {
root /user/share/nginx/html
}
7.权限问题 403错误
请参考 解决Nginx出现403 forbidden 报错之四种小手段_窦再兴的博客-CSDN博客
三、创建java项目image-utils
1.使用 start.spring.io 生成项目
2.引入eclipse
3.核心类 ImageUtil 网上搜索的,贴出来大家可以一起抄
package com.wd.image.utils;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import org.im4java.core.CompositeCmd;
import org.im4java.core.ConvertCmd;
import org.im4java.core.IMOperation;
import org.im4java.core.IdentifyCmd;
import org.im4java.core.ImageCommand;
import org.im4java.process.ArrayListOutputConsumer;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGEncodeParam;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder;
import cn.hutool.core.io.FileUtil;
/**
* 图片处理工具类,经过测试ImageMagick7.x版本不支持,命令貌似换了,安装之后文件都不一样了
*
* @author douzi
* @createDate 2019年12月10日
*
*/
public class ImageUtil {
/**
* 是否使用 GraphicsMagick
*/
private static final boolean USE_GRAPHICS_MAGICK_PATH = false;
private static final boolean IS_COVER = true;
/**
* ImageMagick安装路径
*/
private static final String IMAGE_MAGICK_PATH = "";//"D:\\software\\ImageMagick-6.2.7-Q8";
/**
* GraphicsMagick 安装目录
*/
private static final String GRAPHICS_MAGICK_PATH = "D:\\software\\GraphicsMagick-1.3.23-Q8";
/**
* 水印图片路径
*/
private static String watermarkImagePath = "/home/img/sy.jpg";
/**
* 水印图片
*/
private static Image watermarkImage = null;
static {
try {
//watermarkImage = ImageIO.read(new URL(watermarkImagePath));
watermarkImage = ImageIO.read(new File(watermarkImagePath));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 命令类型
*
* @author [email protected]
* @createDate 2016年6月5日
*
*/
private enum CommandType {
convert("转换处理"), identify("图片信息"), compositecmd("图片合成");
private String name;
CommandType(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
/**
* 获取 ImageCommand
*
* @param command 命令类型
* @return
*/
private static ImageCommand getImageCommand(CommandType command) {
ImageCommand cmd = null;
switch (command) {
case convert:
cmd = new ConvertCmd(USE_GRAPHICS_MAGICK_PATH);
break;
case identify:
cmd = new IdentifyCmd(USE_GRAPHICS_MAGICK_PATH);
break;
case compositecmd:
cmd = new CompositeCmd(USE_GRAPHICS_MAGICK_PATH);
break;
}
if (cmd != null && System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase().indexOf("windows") != -1) {
cmd.setSearchPath(USE_GRAPHICS_MAGICK_PATH ? GRAPHICS_MAGICK_PATH : IMAGE_MAGICK_PATH);
}
return cmd;
}
/**
* 获取图片信息
*
* @param srcImagePath 图片路径
* @return Map {height=, filelength=, directory=, width=, filename=}
*/
public static Map<String, Object> getImageInfo(String srcImagePath) {
IMOperation op = new IMOperation();
op.format("%w,%h,%d,%f,%b");
op.addImage(srcImagePath);
IdentifyCmd identifyCmd = (IdentifyCmd) getImageCommand(CommandType.identify);
ArrayListOutputConsumer output = new ArrayListOutputConsumer();
identifyCmd.setOutputConsumer(output);
try {
identifyCmd.run(op);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
ArrayList<String> cmdOutput = output.getOutput();
if (cmdOutput.size() != 1)
return null;
String line = cmdOutput.get(0);
String[] arr = line.split(",");
Map<String, Object> info = new HashMap<String, Object>();
info.put("width", Integer.parseInt(arr[0]));
info.put("height", Integer.parseInt(arr[1]));
info.put("directory", arr[2]);
info.put("filename", arr[3]);
// info.put("filelength", Integer.parseInt(arr[4]));
info.put("filelength", arr[4]);
return info;
}
/**
* 文字水印
*
* @param srcImagePath 源图片路径
* @param destImagePath 目标图片路径
* @param content 文字内容(不支持汉字)
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void addTextWatermark(String srcImagePath, String destImagePath, String content)
throws Exception {
IMOperation op = new IMOperation();
op.font("微软雅黑");
// 文字方位-东南
op.gravity("southeast");
// 文字信息
op.pointsize(38).fill("#BCBFC8").draw("text 10,10 " + content);
// 原图
op.addImage(srcImagePath);
// 目标
op.addImage(createDirectory(destImagePath));
ImageCommand cmd = getImageCommand(CommandType.convert);
cmd.run(op);
}
/**
* 图片水印
*
* @param srcImagePath 源图片路径
* @param destImagePath 目标图片路径
* @param dissolve 透明度(0-100)
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void addImgWatermark(String srcImagePath, String destImagePath, Integer dissolve)
throws Exception {
addImgWatermark(srcImagePath, destImagePath, null, dissolve);
}
public static void addImgWatermark(String srcImagePath, String destImagePath, String watermarkImgPath, Integer dissolve)
throws Exception {
// 原始图片信息
BufferedImage buffimg = ImageIO.read(new File(srcImagePath));
int w = buffimg.getWidth();
int h = buffimg.getHeight();
IMOperation op = new IMOperation();
// 水印透明度
op.dissolve(dissolve);
if (watermarkImgPath == null || "".equals(watermarkImgPath)) {
// 水印图片位置
op.geometry(watermarkImage.getWidth(null), watermarkImage.getHeight(null), w
- watermarkImage.getWidth(null) - 10, h - watermarkImage.getHeight(null) - 10);
// 水印
op.addImage(watermarkImagePath);
} else {
Image watermarkImg = ImageIO.read(new File(watermarkImgPath));
// 水印图片位置
op.geometry(watermarkImg.getWidth(null), watermarkImg.getHeight(null), w
- watermarkImg.getWidth(null) - 10, h - watermarkImg.getHeight(null) - 10);
op.addImage(watermarkImgPath);
}
// 原图
op.addImage(srcImagePath);
// 目标
op.addImage(createDirectory(destImagePath));
ImageCommand cmd = getImageCommand(CommandType.compositecmd);
cmd.run(op);
}
/**
* jdk压缩图片-质量压缩
*
* @param destImagePath 被压缩文件路径
* @param quality 压缩质量比例
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void jdkResize(String destImagePath, float quality) throws Exception {
// 目标文件
File resizedFile = new File(destImagePath);
// 压缩
Image targetImage = ImageIO.read(resizedFile);
int width = targetImage.getWidth(null);
int height = targetImage.getHeight(null);
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics g = image.createGraphics();
g.drawImage(targetImage, 0, 0, width, height, null);
g.dispose();
String ext = getFileType(resizedFile.getName());
if (ext.equals("jpg") || ext.equals("jpeg")) { // 如果是jpg
// jpeg格式的对输出质量进行设置
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(resizedFile);
JPEGImageEncoder encoder = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(out);
JPEGEncodeParam jep = JPEGCodec.getDefaultJPEGEncodeParam(image);
jep.setQuality(quality, false);
encoder.setJPEGEncodeParam(jep);
encoder.encode(image);
out.close();
} else {
ImageIO.write(image, ext, resizedFile);
}
}
/**
* 压缩图片
*
* @param srcImagePath 源图片路径
* @param destImagePath 目标图片路径
* @param width 压缩后的宽
* @param height 压缩后的高
* @param quality 压缩质量(0-100)
* @param needWatermark 是否加水印
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void resize(String srcImagePath, String destImagePath, int width, int height,
Double quality, boolean needWatermark) throws Exception {
// 按照原有形状压缩(横图、竖图)
BufferedImage buffimg = ImageIO.read(new File(srcImagePath));
int w = buffimg.getWidth();
int h = buffimg.getHeight();
if ((w > h && width < height) || (w < h && width > height)) {
int temp = width;
width = height;
height = temp;
}
// 是否压缩
if (w < width || h < height) {
// 不压缩-是否加水印
if (needWatermark) {
// 不压缩,加水印
addImgWatermark(srcImagePath, destImagePath, 100);
}
return;
}
// 压缩-是否加水印
if (needWatermark) {
// 压缩-加水印比例
double cropRatio = 0f;
if ((width + 0.0) / (w + 0.0) > (height + 0.0) / (h + 0.0)) {
cropRatio = (height + 0.0) / (h + 0.0);
} else {
cropRatio = (width + 0.0) / (w + 0.0);
}
IMOperation op = new IMOperation();
ImageCommand cmd = getImageCommand(CommandType.compositecmd);
op.geometry(watermarkImage.getWidth(null), watermarkImage.getHeight(null),
(int) (w * cropRatio) - watermarkImage.getWidth(null) - 10,
(int) (h * cropRatio) - watermarkImage.getHeight(null) - 10);
op.addImage(watermarkImagePath);
op.addImage(srcImagePath);
op.quality(quality);
op.resize(width, height);
op.addImage(createDirectory(destImagePath));
cmd.run(op);
return;
}
// 压缩-不加水印
ImageCommand cmd = getImageCommand(CommandType.convert);
IMOperation op = new IMOperation();
op.addImage(srcImagePath);
op.quality(quality);
op.resize(width, height);
op.addImage(createDirectory(destImagePath));
cmd.run(op);
}
/**
* 去除Exif信息,可减小文件大小
*
* @param srcImagePath 源图片路径
* @param destImagePath 目标图片路径
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void removeProfile(String srcImagePath, String destImagePath) throws Exception {
IMOperation op = new IMOperation();
op.addImage(srcImagePath);
op.profile("*");
op.addImage(createDirectory(destImagePath));
ImageCommand cmd = getImageCommand(CommandType.convert);
cmd.run(op);
}
/**
* 等比缩放图片(如果width为空,则按height缩放; 如果height为空,则按width缩放)
*
* @param srcImagePath 源图片路径
* @param destImagePath 目标图片路径
* @param width 缩放后的宽度
* @param height 缩放后的高度
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void scaleResize(String srcImagePath, String destImagePath, Integer width,
Integer height) throws Exception {
IMOperation op = new IMOperation();
op.addImage(srcImagePath);
op.sample(width, height);
op.addImage(createDirectory(destImagePath));
ImageCommand cmd = getImageCommand(CommandType.convert);
cmd.run(op);
}
/**
* 从原图中裁剪出新图
*
* @param srcImagePath 源图片路径
* @param destImagePath 目标图片路径
* @param x 原图左上角
* @param y 原图左上角
* @param width 新图片宽度
* @param height 新图片高度
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void crop(String srcImagePath, String destImagePath, int x, int y, int width,
int height) throws Exception {
IMOperation op = new IMOperation();
op.addImage(srcImagePath);
op.crop(width, height, x, y);
op.addImage(createDirectory(destImagePath));
ImageCommand cmd = getImageCommand(CommandType.convert);
cmd.run(op);
}
/**
* 将图片分割为若干小图
*
* @param srcImagePath 源图片路径
* @param destImagePath 目标图片路径
* @param width 指定宽度(默认为完整宽度)
* @param height 指定高度(默认为完整高度)
* @return 小图路径
* @throws Exception
*/
public static List<String> subsection(String srcImagePath, String destImagePath, Integer width,
Integer height) throws Exception {
IMOperation op = new IMOperation();
op.addImage(srcImagePath);
op.crop(width, height);
op.addImage(createDirectory(destImagePath));
ImageCommand cmd = getImageCommand(CommandType.convert);
cmd.run(op);
return getSubImages(destImagePath);
}
/**
* 旋转图片
*
* @param srcImagePath 源图片路径
* @param destImagePath 目标图片路径
* @param angle 旋转的角度
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void rotate(String srcImagePath, String destImagePath, Double angle)
throws Exception {
File sourceFile = new File(srcImagePath);
if (!sourceFile.exists() || !sourceFile.canRead() || !sourceFile.isFile()) {
return;
}
BufferedImage buffimg = ImageIO.read(sourceFile);
int w = buffimg.getWidth();
int h = buffimg.getHeight();
// 目标图片
// if (w > h) { //如果宽度不大于高度则旋转过后图片会变大
ImageCommand cmd = getImageCommand(CommandType.convert);
IMOperation operation = new IMOperation();
operation.addImage(srcImagePath);
operation.rotate(angle);
operation.addImage(destImagePath);
cmd.run(operation);
// }
}
/**
* 获取图片分割后的小图路径
*
* @param destImagePath 目标图片路径
* @return 小图路径
*/
private static List<String> getSubImages(String destImagePath) {
// 文件所在目录
String fileDir = destImagePath.substring(0, destImagePath.lastIndexOf(File.separatorChar));
// 文件名称
String fileName = destImagePath
.substring(destImagePath.lastIndexOf(File.separatorChar) + 1);
// 文件名(无后缀)
String n1 = fileName.substring(0, fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
// 后缀
String n2 = fileName.replace(n1, "");
List<String> fileList = new ArrayList<String>();
String path = null;
for (int i = 0;; i++) {
path = fileDir + File.separatorChar + n1 + "-" + i + n2;
if (new File(path).exists())
fileList.add(path);
else
break;
}
return fileList;
}
/**
* 创建目录
*
* @param path
* @return path
*/
private static String createDirectory(String path) {
File file = new File(path);
if (!file.exists())
file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
return path;
}
/**
* 通过文件名获取文件类型
*
* @param fileName 文件名
*/
private static String getFileType(String fileName) {
if (fileName == null || "".equals(fileName.trim()) || fileName.lastIndexOf(".") == -1) {
return null;
}
String type = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
return type.toLowerCase();
}
}
4.controller接口类自行实现;
四、页面制作
本身不是前端出身,js写的一般般,就不拿出献丑了;效果就是开篇第一张图的样子,
五、总结
此demo主要是具备了在线转图的能力,如果商用,需要考虑转图规则、转图存储生成、文件存储、并发操作、文件名重复等诸多问题。主要是如何解决的一个思路,大家共同进步,勉之。