更改数据库数据文件位置

数据库：oracle 19.3

系统：Windows 11

实验目标：测试更改数据库数据文件位置.

1、更改临时文件位置

SQL> set line 200

SQL> select file_name,autoextensible,tablespace_name,bytes/1024/1024 from dba_temp_files order by 1;

FILE_NAME AUT TABLESPACE_NAME BYTES/1024/1024

------------------------------------------------------------ --- ------------------------------ ---------------

F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP01.DBF YES TEMP 20

SQL> create temporary tablespace local_temp tempfile 'E:\dmp\temp02.dbf' size 50m autoextend on;

Tablespace created.

SQL> select file_name,autoextensible,tablespace_name,bytes/1024/1024 from dba_temp_files order by 1;

FILE_NAME AUT TABLESPACE_NAME BYTES/1024/1024

------------------------------------------------------------ --- ------------------------------ ---------------

E:\DMP\TEMP02.DBF YES LOCAL_TEMP 50

F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP01.DBF YES TEMP 20

SQL> select v.file#,t.file_name,v.status from dba_temp_files t,v$tempfile v where t.file_id=v.file#;

FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ -------

2 E:\DMP\TEMP02.DBF ONLINE

1 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP01.DBF ONLINE

SQL> alter database tempfile 'E:\DMP\TEMP02.DBF' offline;

Database altered.

此时系统层面将E:\DMP\TEMP02.DBF复制到F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\目录下，并命名为TEMP02.DBF

SQL> alter database rename file 'E:\DMP\TEMP02.DBF' to 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP02.DBF';

Database altered.

SQL> alter database tempfile 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP02.DBF' online;

Database altered.

SQL> select file_name,autoextensible,bytes/1024/1024,tablespace_name from dba_temp_files;

FILE_NAME AUT BYTES/1024/1024 TABLESPACE_NAME

------------------------------------------------------------ --- --------------- ------------------------------

F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP01.DBF YES 20 TEMP

F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP02.DBF YES 50 LOCAL_TEMP

如上，成功更改临时文件位置.

2、更改数据文件位置

2.1、运用更改临时文件的方法更改数据文件位置

SQL> alter tablespace test add datafile 'E:\DMP\test03.DBF' size 30m autoextend on;

表空间已更改.

SQL> select file_name,autoextensible,tablespace_name,bytes/1024/1024 from dba_data_files where tablespace_name='TEST';

FILE_NAME AUTOEX TABLESPACE_NAME BYTES/1024/1024

------------------------------------------------------------ ------ -------------------- ---------------

F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST01.DBF NO TEST 100

F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST02.DBF NO TEST 50

E:\DMP\TEST03.DBF YES TEST 30

SQL> select v.file#,t.file_name,v.status from dba_data_files t,v$datafile v where t.file_id=v.file# and t.tablespace_name='TEST';

FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --------------

5 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST01.DBF ONLINE

2 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST02.DBF ONLINE

16 E:\DMP\TEST03.DBF ONLINE

SQL> alter database datafile 'E:\DMP\TEST03.DBF' offline;

数据库已更改.

此时系统层面复制E:\DMP\TEST03.DBF到F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\目录下

SQL> alter database rename file 'E:\DMP\TEST03.DBF' to 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\Test03.DBF';

数据库已更改.

SQL> alter database datafile 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\Test03.DBF' online;

alter database datafile 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\Test03.DBF' online

*

第 1 行出现错误:

ORA-01113: 文件 16 需要介质恢复

ORA-01110: 数据文件 16: 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF'

如上，当修改新目录下的TEST03.DBF的数据文件为online时，报错ORA-01113.

SQL> select v.file#,t.file_name,v.status from dba_data_files t,v$datafile v where t.file_id=v.file# and t.tablespace_name='TEST';

FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --------------

5 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST01.DBF ONLINE

2 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST02.DBF ONLINE

16 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF RECOVER

以下解决过程：

SQL> shutdown immediate

数据库已经关闭.

已经卸载数据库.

ORACLE 例程已经关闭.

SQL> recover datafile 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF';

ORA-01034: ORACLE not available

进程 ID: 0

会话 ID: 0 序列号: 0

SQL> startup mount;

ORACLE 例程已经启动.

Total System Global Area 1.2583E+10 bytes

Fixed Size 12581272 bytes

Variable Size 4194304000 bytes

Database Buffers 8355053568 bytes

Redo Buffers 20971520 bytes

数据库装载完毕.

SQL> recover datafile 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF';

完成介质恢复.

SQL> alter database open;

数据库已更改.

SQL> select v.file#,t.file_name,v.status from dba_data_files t,v$datafile v where t.file_id=v.file# and t.tablespace_name='TEST';

FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --------------

5 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST01.DBF ONLINE

2 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST02.DBF ONLINE

16 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF OFFLINE

SQL> alter database datafile 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF' online;

数据库已更改.

SQL> select v.file#,t.file_name,v.status from dba_data_files t,v$datafile v where t.file_id=v.file# and t.tablespace_name='TEST';

FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --------------

5 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST01.DBF ONLINE

2 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST02.DBF ONLINE

16 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF ONLINE

2.2、修改数据文件位置无报错的方法

SQL> select v.file#,t.file_name,v.status from dba_data_files t,v$datafile v where t.file_id=v.file# and t.tablespace_name='TEST';

FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --------------

5 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST01.DBF ONLINE

2 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST02.DBF ONLINE

16 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST03.DBF ONLINE

SQL> alter tablespace test add datafile 'E:\DMP\test04.DBF' size 20m autoextend on;

表空间已更改.

SQL> shutdown immediate

数据库已经关闭.

已经卸载数据库.

ORACLE 例程已经关闭.

SQL>

SQL> startup mount

ORACLE 例程已经启动.

Total System Global Area 1.2583E+10 bytes

Fixed Size 12581272 bytes

Variable Size 4194304000 bytes

Database Buffers 8355053568 bytes

Redo Buffers 20971520 bytes

数据库装载完毕.

此时系统层面复制E:\DMP\TEST04.DBF到F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\目录下

SQL> alter database rename file 'E:\DMP\test04.DBF' to 'F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST04.dbf';

数据库已更改.

SQL> alter database open;

数据库已更改.

SQL> select v.file#,t.file_name,v.status from dba_data_files t,v$datafile v where t.file_id=v.file# and t.tablespace_name='TEST';

FILE# FILE_NAME STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --------------

5 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST01.DBF ONLINE

2 F:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEST02.DBF ONLINE