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Ubuntu8.04下 nginx+php+mysql+zend

[Ubuntu8.04 server]下构建nginx+php+mysql+zend ubuntu8.04 server的下载地址可以去 www.ubuntu.org.cn去找。安装采用默认安装,不选择任何的服务。

一、设置root权限。

设置root权限,这样下面安装的过程中,不用总sudo了。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:sudo passwd root 设置好root的密码以后。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:su - 输入密码,换成root权限。

二、设置apt源。

ubuntu安装完毕以后,默认的apt源速度可能会很慢。所以,首先是修改一下apt的源,提高软件的下载速度。建议大家可以选择ubuntu官方的源,中国台湾省的源和cn99的源。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:

cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

nano /etc/apt/sources.list   删除里面所有的内容,修改成(白天速度快,晚上速度比较慢。电信和网通都可以) 复制内容到剪贴板代码:deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse (下面的源,推荐电信用户使用。有的时候网通的用户访问速度也非常的快) 复制内容到剪贴板代码:deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ hardy main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ hardy main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse (中国台湾省的源,晚上的速度非常的好) 复制内容到剪贴板代码:deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 上面的三个源,大家可以根据自己的需要来设置。

保存,退出nano。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:apt-get update 三、安装一些必要的软件。

ubuntu安装以后,有一些包是没有安装上的。我们需要安装上,否则下面的编译将会出现问题。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:apt-get install binutils cpp fetchmail flex gcc libarchive-zip-perl libc6-dev libcompress-zlib-perl libdb4.3-dev libpcre3 libpopt-dev lynx m4 make ncftp nmap perl perl-modules unzip zip zlib1g-dev autoconf automake1.9 libtool bison autotools-dev g++ build-essential libpcre3-dev libncurses5-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev openssh-server openssh-client 四、设置安装目录,下载必要的软件。

安装完毕以后,我们建立几个目录,用来进行下一步的安装。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:mkdir /var/software (用来存放安装软件)

mkdir /usr/local/webserver (安装目录,nginx,php等都安装在这个目录下)

mkdir /usr/local/webserver/webdata (发布目录)

mkdir /usr/local/webserver/log (存放nginx的日志文件) 下载编译需要的各种软件,全部放到/var/software下

mysql-5.0.51a

http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/M...rloo.ca/mysql/

php-5.2.6

http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-5.2.6.tar.bz2

nginx-0.5.35

http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.5.35.tar.gz

libiconv-1.11

http://download.chyangwa.com/linux/l...nv-1.11.tar.gz

freetype-2.3.5

http://download.savannah.gnu.org/rel...e-2.3.5.tar.gz

libpng-1.2.29(注意,大家不要使用1.2.28这个版本,似乎有很多问题)

http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/sour...-1.2.29.tar.gz

jpegsrc.v6b

http://down1.chinaunix.net/distfiles/jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz

libxml2-2.6.30

http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sourc...-2.6.30.tar.gz

libmcrypt-2.5.8

http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourc...t-2.5.8.tar.gz

mhash-0.9.9

http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/sour...h-0.9.9.tar.gz

mcrypt-2.6.7

http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/sour...t-2.6.7.tar.gz

memcache-2.2.3

http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.3.tgz

pcre-7.6

http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourc...cre-7.6.tar.gz

zend

http://www.phpchina.com/download/sho...=ZendOptimizer

为了方便大家,已将上面所有的软件包下载后打包,提供本地下载,这样就不用担心死链了

http://www.ubuntuchina.com/Download/2659/soft/nginxall.zip

五、编译安装PHP所需的支持库。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:cd /var/software

tar zxvf libiconv-1.11.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.11/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz

cd freetype-2.3.5/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf libpng-1.2.29.tar.gz

cd libpng-1.2.29/

./configure

###mv scripts/makefile.linux ./makefile

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz

cd jpeg-6b/

./configure --enable-static --enable-shared

make

make install

make install-lib

cd ../

tar zxvf libxml2-2.6.30.tar.gz

cd libxml2-2.6.30/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

./configure

make

make install

/sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/

./configure --enable-ltdl-install

make

make install

cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

cp /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.* /usr/lib

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.7.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.7/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../ 六、编译安装MySQL 复制内容到剪贴板代码:tar zxvf mysql-5.0.51b.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.0.51b

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --localstatedir=/var/lib/mysql --with-comment=Source --with-server-suffix=-enterprise-gpl --with-mysqld-user=mysql --without-debug --with-unix-socket-path=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-big-tables --with-extra-charsets=gbk,latin1,utf8 --with-pthread --enable-static --with-client-ldflags=-all-static --with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static --enable-assembler --without-innodb --without-ndb-debug --without-isam --enable-local-infile --with-readline --with-raid --enable-thread-safe-client

make

make install

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

cd /usr/local/webserver/mysql

bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

chown -R root:mysql . (设置权限,注意后面有一个 ".")

chown -R mysql /var/lib/mysql (设置 mysql 目录权限。数据库就放在这里了)

chgrp -R mysql . (注意后面有一个 ".")

cp share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

cp share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld (为了开机可以自动启动 mysql。)

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

echo "/usr/local/webserver/mysql/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf (添加LIB PATH)

运行以下命令即可启动 MySQL 服务器:

/etc/init.d/mysqld start (启动 MySQL)

bin/mysqladmin -u root password "password_for_root"(设置mysql的root密码)

/etc/init.d/mysqld stop (关闭 MySQL)

nano /etc/rc.local

在最后加入:/etc/init.d/mysqld start(这样开机的时候,mysql就可以自动启动了。) 七、编译安装PHP(FastCGI模式) 复制内容到剪贴板代码:

cd /var/software

tar zxvf php-5.2.6.tar.gz

cd php-5.2.6

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir --enable-xml --disable-debug --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --disable-ipv6 --enable-soap --with-openssl --with-gettext --disable-rpath

sed -i 's#-lz -lm -lxml2 -lz -lm -lxml2 -lz -lm -lcrypt#& -liconv#' Makefile

make

make install

cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

cd ../   八、编译安装PHP5扩展模块 复制内容到剪贴板代码:tar zxvf memcache-2.2.3.tgz

cd memcache-2.2.3/

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

cd php-5.2.6/ext/gd/

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-ttf --with-freetype-dir --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../../../ 九、对php进行一些设置,并且为安装nginx做一些准备工作。

1、修改php.ini文件

手工修改:查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"

修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"

并在此行后增加以下几行,然后保存。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:extension = "memcache.so"

extension = "gd.so" 自动修改:若嫌手工修改麻烦,可执行以下shell命令,自动完成对php.ini文件的修改: 复制内容到剪贴板代码:

sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"/nextension = "memcache.so"/nextension = "gd.so"/n#' /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini   2、创建www用户和组,以及其使用的目录。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:/usr/sbin/groupadd www -g 48

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 48 -g www www

chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/webdata/

chown -R www:www /usr/local/webserver/webdata/ 3、安装lighttpd中附带的spawn-fcgi,用来启动php-cgi 复制内容到剪贴板代码:cp spawn-fcgi /usr/local/webserver/php/bin

chmod +x /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/spawn-fcgi 4、启动php-cgi进程,监听127.0.0.1的10080端口,进程数为64(可以根据自己的情况来设置。如果服务器内存小于3GB,可以只开启25个进程。),用户为www。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 10080 -C 64 -u www -f /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-cgi   十、安装Nginx 0.5.33

1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:tar zxvf pcre-7.6.tar.gz

cd pcre-7.6/

./configure

make && make install

cd ../ 2、安装Nginx。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:

tar zxvf nginx-0.5.35.tar.gz

cd nginx-0.5.35/

./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module

make

make install

cd ../   3、创建Nginx日志目录。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:

chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/logs

chown -R www:www /usr/local/webserver/logs   4、创建Nginx配置文件。

在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

nano /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 输入以下内容。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:user www www;

worker_processes 10;

error_log /usr/local/webserver/logs/nginx_error.log crit;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.

worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events

{

use epoll;

worker_connections 51200;

}

http

{

include conf/mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

charset gb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

#sendfile on;

#tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 8k;

gzip_http_version 1.1;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/html application/xml;

server

{

listen 80;

server_name servername.com;

index index.html index.htm index.php;

root /usr/local/webserver/webdata;

if (-d $request_filename)

{

rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;

}

location ~ .*.php?$

{

include conf/fcgi.conf;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:10080;

fastcgi_index index.php;

}

log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

access_log /usr/local/webserver/logs/access.log access;

}

server

{

listen 80;

server_name status.servername.com;

location / {

stub_status on;

access_log off;

}

}

} 保存,退出nano。

5、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:nano /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf 输入以下内容: 复制内容到剪贴板代码:fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;

fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;

fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;

fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;

fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;

fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;

fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;

fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;

fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;

fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;

fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;

fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect

#fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200; 6、启动Nginx 复制内容到剪贴板代码:

ulimit -SHn 51200

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf   7、配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP 复制内容到剪贴板代码:

nano /etc/rc.local   在末尾增加以下内容: 复制内容到剪贴板代码:ulimit -SHn 51200

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 10080 -C 64 -u www -f /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-cgi

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 十一、优化Linux内核参数 复制内容到剪贴板代码:nano /etc/sysctl.conf 在末尾增加以下内容. 复制内容到剪贴板代码:net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30

net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 5000 65000 使配置立即生效: 复制内容到剪贴板代码:/sbin/sysctl -p 十二、在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置

修改/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后,请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确. 复制内容到剪贴板代码:/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 如果屏幕显示以下两行信息,说明配置文件正确。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully 这时,输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号。 复制内容到剪贴板代码:ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}' 屏幕显示的即为Nginx主进程号,例如:

4343

这时,执行以下命令即可使修改过的Nginx配置文件生效. 复制内容到剪贴板代码:kill -HUP 4343 十三、安装zend 复制内容到剪贴板代码:cd /var/software

tar zxvf ZendOptimizer-3.3.3-linux-glibc23-i386.tar.gz

cd ZendOptimizer-3.3.3-linux-glibc23-i386

./install 在询问php.ini的路径的时候,填入. 复制内容到剪贴板代码:/usr/local/webserver/php/etc web服务器选择不是apache

十四、reboot你的机器。