英语基础知识---句法

虚拟语气

句法

一、句子成分

My friend主语, Tom同位语 found/find谓语 his定语 money宾语 missing宾补 on the way home地点状语 yesterday时间状语.

He studies.

Help yourself.

主语：

The apple is red.

Nobody can help you except yourself.

Four and five makes nine.

The sick and the old need our help. The adj.=N.

To become a nurse is my wish.

Running is good for health.

That he forgot to tell me the time for the meeting caused lots of trouble.

It caused lots of trouble /that

he主语 forgot to tell谓语 me间接宾语 the time for the meeting直接宾语.

谓语：

He often reads newspapers.

The plane takes off at 8 o’clock.

He can speak English very well. 助动词，主动词

The work will be done before three o’clock.

表语：

Pollution from cars has become系动词 a major problem.

Seventy-four? You do not look系动词 it.

Angela was the first to leave.

Please feel系动词 free to say what you really think.

Wasting time is killing yourself.

My wish is to become an artist.

Time is pressing.

The fire was still on when we arrived.

Come to see me tomorrow when I am at work.

This is where we disagree with each other.

宾语：

We love our motherland.

I wish to call on you.

Where did you buy that?

If you put 5 and 7 together, you will get 12.

We should help the poor.

I would advise waiting until tomorrow.

Do you understand what I mean?

My aunt gave me a toy car.

宾补：

I found the book very interesting.

He made himself known to them first.

She asked me to lend her a hand.

We must keep it a secret.

Please make yourself at home.=help yourself

Please keep the dog out.

定语：

It is a fine day today.

The buildings around were badly damaged.

The book on the top shelf were just bought.

Open your mouth and put out your tongue.

This is a two-page homework.

He bought a stone table.

Put the child in the sleeping bag.

Let’s try another way to do this.

This is a moving film.

Please bring me some boiled water.

I know the boy who left just now.

状语：

Tom speaks English very fast.

We work to live not live to work.

Arriving there, call me up.

The meeting is going to be held in Room 321 tomorrow morning.

He returned home, safe and sound.

We will go where the people need us.

同位语：

We have two foreign teachers, a Canadian and an American.

They each can get a chance to travel by air.

We two will go to see you.

The news that he will come back is true.

二、句子种类

陈述句：

The man is dishonest.

All the people should keep off the grass.

He is the last person I would ask for help.

The bridge is anything but safe.

I am not good at Chinese.

They did not know my address or telephone number.

I have never been to Sydney.

You can not be too careful.

You can not help but admire him.

疑问句：

Are your parents doctors?

Would you mind my joining your talk?

Who is the girl under the tree?

Whom are you writing to?

Whose pen is this?

Which girls will be in the sports meeting?

What can you see in the picture?

When will the superman return?

Where do you come from?

Why are you late for school?

How do you usually study English?

How old is the baby of John’s daughter?

How many birds are there in the tree?

How much water is there in the bottle?

How far is it from your home to the school?

How long will you stay in Beijing?

How often do you go to see movies?

How soon will you come back?

Shall we go home or stay here for the night?

You like sports, don’t you?

祈使句：

You be quiet for a moment.

Don’t do that again.

Let’s have a rest.

No smoking!

Eyes front!

Work hard and you will succeed.

Please give me a hand.

感叹句：

What a clever boy he is.

How clever the boy is.

What an interesting book.

How we love our motherland.

Wonderful!

三、句子结构

简单句：

He is a student.

We work hard.

Tom bought a new book.

He gave us a lecture.

The teacher makes us laugh.

并列句：

She not only dances well but also sings well.

It is a small car, yet it is surprisingly spacious.

He did not attend the meeting, for he was ill.

Either you come to my house or I go to yours.

We were having a meeting when/and at that time someone broke in.

He likes pop music, while I am fond of classical music.

复合句：

状语从句：Check your answer before you turn in your papers.

定语从句：A doctor is a person who looks after people’s health.

主语从句：What he did made his mother angry.

宾语从句：Parents should not give their children whatever they want.

表语从句：This is because you are too careless.

同位语从句：The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail into the Great Lakes.