RMAN备份与恢复之spfile恢复

实验环境

• 操作系统 Redhat5.4 x86
• 数据库版本 oracle 11gR2 (11.2.0.1.0)
• 实验前已经做了RMAN全量备份包括controlfile、spfile

实验模拟

SPFILE文集损坏或丢失

案例模拟

[[email protected] dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release  Production on Mon May  :: 

Copyright (c) , , Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database g Enterprise Edition Release  - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> show parameter spfile;

NAME                     TYPE    VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile                   string  /u01/app/oracle/product/
                         /dbhome_1/dbs/spfilePROD.ora
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database g Enterprise Edition Release  - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[[email protected] dbs]$ rm /u01/app/oracle/product//dbhome_1/dbs/spfilePROD.ora
[[email protected] dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release  Production on Mon May  :: 

Copyright (c) , , Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database g Enterprise Edition Release  - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database g Enterprise Edition Release  - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
           

案例恢复

[[email protected] dbs]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release  - Production on Mon May  :: 

Copyright (c) , , Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup;

startup failed: ORA-: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product//dbhome_1/dbs/initPROD.ora'

starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile
Oracle instance started
RMAN-: ===========================================================
RMAN-: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-: ===========================================================
RMAN-: failure of startup command at // ::
ORA-: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info

--尝试从autobackup中恢复：
RMAN> restore spfile from autobackup;

Starting restore at -MAY-
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID= device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 
channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 
channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 
channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 
channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 
channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 
channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 
channel ORA_DISK_1: no AUTOBACKUP in  days found
RMAN-: ===========================================================
RMAN-: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-: ===========================================================
RMAN-: failure of restore command at // ::
RMAN-: no AUTOBACKUP found or specified handle is not a valid copy or piece

--从指定备份集中恢复：
RMAN> restore spfile from '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/PROD/autobackup/_05_08/o1_mf_s_943401816_djykbthr_.bkp';

Starting restore at -MAY-
using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/PROD/autobackup/_05_08/o1_mf_s_943401816_djykbthr_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at -MAY-

RMAN> exit

Recovery Manager complete.

[[email protected] dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release  Production on Mon May  :: 

Copyright (c) , , Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database g Enterprise Edition Release  - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> shutdown abort;
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area   bytes
Fixed Size           bytes
Variable Size          bytes
Database Buffers       bytes
Redo Buffers             bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> 
           

如果以上方法还是无法恢复spfile，则可以通过查看alert日志文件，根据日志文件中的启动信息编辑一个pfile文件，然后由pfile文件创建spfile文件出来。