Oracle 11g R2 RAC：配置 DNS 解析 SCAN VIP

Oracle 11gR2Grid Infrastructure (CRS) 中引入了 Single Client Access Name (SCAN) 来简化客户端对数据库服务的访问。

本文将详细介绍如何配置 DNS 来解析 SCAN VIP

演示环境

OracleEnterprise Linux 5.6

一、安装 DNS Server

rpm -ivhbind-9.3.6-16.P1.el5.i386.rpm

rpm -ivhbind-chroot-9.3.6-16.P1.el5.i386.rpm

rpm -ivhcaching-nameserver-9.3.6-16.P1.el5.i386.rpm

DNS的守护进程

/usr/sbin/named   

/usr/sbin/rndc

DNS的脚本

/etc/init.d/named

DNS的端口

53       953(tcp udp) 

DNS的配置文件

/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf(主配置文件)  

/var/named/chrootsample/ for example named configuration files.

//

// DONOT EDIT THIS FILE - use system-config-bind or an editor

// tocreate named.conf - edits to this file will be lost on

// caching-nameserver package upgrade.

//

------创建 named.conf 配置文件

[[email protected] etc]# cp-p named.caching-nameserver.conf named.conf

[[email protected] etc]# ls-lt

total 28

-rw-r----- 1 rootnamed  113 Jun  1 07:46 rndc.key

-rw-r----- 1 rootnamed 1230 Jan 14  2011named.caching-nameserver.conf

-rw-r----- 1 rootnamed 1230 Jan 14  2011 named.conf

-rw-r----- 1 rootnamed  955 Jan 14  2011 named.rfc1912.zones

-rw-r--r-- 1 rootroot  3519 Feb 27  2006 localtime

-------编辑刚刚创建的 named.conf 文件，按照如下方式修改：

 listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };

 allow-query { localhost; };

 match-clients { localhost; };

 match-destinations { localhost; };

 allow-query-cache { localhost; };

将上述entry中的 host 信息全部修改为 any，注意保留源文件中的空格

2、配置正向解析和反向解析 zone

------配置正向解析 zone

[[email protected] etc]# vinamed.rfc1912.zones

zone"oracle.com" IN {

 type master;

 file "rac.oracle.zone";

 allow-update { none; };

};

------配置反向解析 zone

[[email protected] etc]# vinamed.rfc1912.zones

zone"8.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {

 type master;

 file "rac.oracle.local";

 allow-update { none; };

};

这里需要注意的是，反向解析从左到右读取ip地址时是以相反的方向解释的，所以需要将ip地址反向排列。这里，192.168.8.*网段的反向解析域名为"8.168.192.in-addr.arpa"。

3、利用模板文件创建用于正向解析和反向解析数据库文件

[[email protected] etc]# cd/var/named/chroot/var/named

[[email protected] named]#ls -lt

total 44

-rw-r----- 1root  named  198 Jan 14 2011 localdomain.zone

-rw-r----- 1root  named  195 Jan 14 2011 localhost.zone

-rw-r----- 1root  named  427 Jan 14 2011 named.broadcast

-rw-r----- 1root  named 1892 Jan 14  2011 named.ca

-rw-r----- 1root  named  424 Jan 14 2011 named.ip6.local

-rw-r----- 1root  named  426 Jan 14 2011 named.local

-rw-r----- 1root  named  427 Jan 14 2011 named.zero

drwxrwx--- 2 namednamed 4096 Aug 26  2004 data

drwxrwx--- 2 namednamed 4096 Jul 27  2004 slaves

-----创建正向解析数据库文件

[[email protected]]#  cp -p localhost.zonerac.oracle.zone

-----创建方向解析数据库文件

[[email protected]]#  cp -p named.localrac.oracle.local

-----配置正向解析数据库文件

[[email protected] named]#vim rac.oracle.zone

$TTL 86400

@ IN SOA oracle.comroot.oracle.com (

 42 ; serial (d. adams)

 3H ; refresh

 15M ; retry

 1W ; expiry

 1D ) ; minimum

 IN NS oracle.com

rac-scan IN A192.168.8.31

rac-scan IN A192.168.8.32

rac-scan IN A192.168.8.33

注意：无论RAC有多少节点，SCAN VIP 的个数只能有3个

-----配置反向解析数据库文件

[[email protected] named]#vim rac.oracle.local

$TTL 86400

@ IN SOA oracle.com.root.oracle.com. (

 1997022700 ; Serial

 28800 ; Refresh

 14400 ; Retry

 3600000 ; Expire

 86400 ) ; Minimum

 IN NS oracle.com.

31 IN PTRrac-scan.oracle.com.

32 IN PTRrac-scan.oracle.com.

33 IN PTRrac-scan.oracle.com.

注意：

（1） 数字写IP 地址的最后一个。如192.168.6.100, 就写100

（2） rac-scan. 后面有一个点

4、重启 DNS Server

[[email protected] named]#service named restart

Stopping named:[  OK ]

Starting named:[  OK ]

5、配置 DNS 客户端

[[email protected] named]#more /etc/resolv.conf

#search oracle.com

#nameserver 8.8.8.8

nameserver192.168.8.11

注意，如有必要刻意修改 /etc/nsswitch.conf 文件配置主机解析方式

6、验证 DNS 配置

[[email protected] named]#nslookup 192.168.8.32

Server:         192.168.8.11

Address:        192.168.8.11#53

32.8.168.192.in-addr.arpa       name = rac-scan.oracle.com.

[[email protected] named]#cd /var/named/chroot/var/named

[[email protected] named]#nslookup rac-scan

Server:         192.168.8.11

Address:        192.168.8.11#53

Name:   rac-scan.oracle.com

Address:192.168.8.31

Name:   rac-scan.oracle.com

Address:192.168.8.32

Name:   rac-scan.oracle.com

Address:192.168.8.33

[[email protected] named]#nslookup rac-scan.oracle.com

Server:         192.168.8.11

Address:        192.168.8.11#53

Name:   rac-scan.oracle.com

Address:192.168.8.33

Name:   rac-scan.oracle.com

Address:192.168.8.31

Name:   rac-scan.oracle.com

Address:192.168.8.32

[[email protected] named]#nslookup 192.168.8.32

Server:         192.168.8.11

Address:        192.168.8.11#53

32.8.168.192.in-addr.arpa       name = rac-scan.oracle.com.

#eth0 - PUBLIC

192.168.8.11rac1.oracle.com rac1

192.168.8.12rac2.oracle.com rac2

#VIP

192.168.8.21rac1-vip.oracle.com rac1-vip

192.168.8.22rac2-vip.oracle.com rac2-vip

#eth1 - PRIVATE

10.10.10.11rac1-priv1

10.10.10.12rac2-priv2

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作者：xiangsir

原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/xiangsir/article/details/9236199

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