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一天一个C Run-Time Library 函数(4) abs _abs64

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一天一个C Run-Time Library 函数(4) abs _abs64

write by 九天雁翎(JTianLing) -- blog.csdn.net/vagrxie

msdn:

Calculate the absolute value.

int abs(

int n

);

long abs(

long n

); // C++ only

double abs(

double n

); // C++ only

long double abs(

long double n

); // C++ only

float abs(

float n

); // C++ only

__int64 _abs64(

__int64 n

);

这里要说明的是c++因为有重载的技术,所以都可以用abs来表示,而C语言里面实际还有labs函数,用来表示long类型的绝对值。

测试程序:

虽然MSDN都有example,但是对于这么简单的函数,就没有必要贴了。

说明:

功能很简单,也很实用的函数。以前学习c++的时候有用到过,可是实际上工作以后竟然一次也没有用过。

实现:

MS:

int __cdecl abs (

int number

)

{

return( number>=0 ? number : -number );

}

gcc:

int

abs (int i)

{

return i < 0 ? -i : i;

}

再次验证了一件事情,那就是gcc和MS的势不两立,(突然觉得把gcc与MS并称很奇怪,因为根本不是同一类的事物。。。。就以MS代指VC2005吧。。。)

这么一个简单的函数,实现方式上几乎没有选择,即便是同样的?:结构,MS选择了判断>=,gcc选择了判断<,再次发挥我BT的精神,决定看一下他们生成的汇编代码。为了公正,先都在VS2005看看生成的代码。

MS:

0041140E cmp dword ptr [number],0

00411412 jl MSabs+2Fh (41141Fh)

00411414 mov eax,dword ptr [number]

00411417 mov dword ptr [ebp-0C4h],eax

0041141D jmp MSabs+3Ah (41142Ah)

0041141F mov ecx,dword ptr [number]

00411422 neg ecx

00411424 mov dword ptr [ebp-0C4h],ecx

0041142A mov eax,dword ptr [ebp-0C4h]

gcc:

004113BE cmp dword ptr [i],0

004113C2 jge GCCabs+31h (4113D1h)

004113C4 mov eax,dword ptr [i]

004113C7 neg eax

004113C9 mov dword ptr [ebp-0C4h],eax

004113CF jmp GCCabs+3Ah (4113DAh)

004113D1 mov ecx,dword ptr [i]

004113D4 mov dword ptr [ebp-0C4h],ecx

004113DA mov eax,dword ptr [ebp-0C4h]

DEBUG下才能看到老实的逐句解析的代码,Release下简单的abs函数调用都直接在编译期间就计算完了。说实话,即使在DEBUG版本中我看不出来两者有什么区别。两者在参数为正,或为负的时候都需要一次jmp。唯一也许有不同的可能就是neg eax的时候也许比neg ecx会快一点。(这还是个人猜想,因为毕竟eax是最常用也是CPU设计时提供最快操作的寄存器)

效率测试:

实在不想再测试效率了,对于这样简单的函数测试一百亿次也看不出什么东西。这也是我为什么去看汇编出来的东西。何况,release的时候还被优化了呢。。。

相关函数:

个人想法:

对于这样简单的函数想怎么用就怎么用吧。假如用的是纯C,那么可能需要注意64位的实现是由MS实现的,linux下没有。但是c99已经定义了新的long long类型的abs。用gcc的人就可以用这个,函数名为llabs。

用c++的话根本不需要操心类似的东西,也不需要关心到底使用labs,llabs还是其他,因为我们有重载。在libstdc++中abs(long)就调用glibc的labs来完成,而abs(long long)在libstdc++中也有实现。

另外,不知道为什么这里即便是C语言的实现MS,GCC也都没有用习惯的宏,因此在这里,c++的函数调用会比C语言的版本快一点,因为C++还有inline。

今天对我来说是周末,偷懒了:)其实这么一个简单的函数也没有太多好说的。想用就用吧。

write by 九天雁翎(JTianLing) -- blog.csdn.net/vagrxie