天天看点

ES6新功能

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>ES6新功能</title>
</head>

<body>
    <h1>1.展开操作符</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        let A = [1, 2, 3, 4];
        let B = [0, ...A];
        console.log(B);
        //[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
    </script>
    <h1>2.剩余操作符</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';

        function need(food, drink, ...study) {
            console.log(food, drink, study);
        }

        need('meat', 'milk', 'english', 'programming');
        //meat milk ["english", "programming"]
    </script>
    <h1>3.块级作用域let</h1>
    <script>
        //不会产生全局污染
        'use strict';
        for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            i += 1;
        }
        console.log(i);
        //10


        for (let j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
            j += 1;
        }
        console.log(j);
        //j is not defined


        /

        //不存在变量提升
        //在ES5中
        var a = [];
        for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            var c = i;
            a[i] = function () {
                console.log(c)
            }
        };
        a[5]();
        //9

        //在ES6中
        'use strict';
        var b = [];
        for (var j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
            //d每次进来都是新d,不会与之前的d产生任何关系
            let d = j;
            b[j] = function () {
                console.log(d)
            }
        };
        b[5]();
        //5

        //

        //let在模块内不允许重复声明同一个变量,模块外可以
        'use strict';
        {
            var a = 100;
            var a = 200;
            console.log(a);
            //200
        }

        {
            var b = 300;
            let b = 400;
            console.log(b);
            //报错
        }

        {
            let c = 500;
            let c = 600;
            console.log(c);
            //报错
        }
        {
            let c = 700;
            console.log(c);
            //700
        }


        //

        //在ES5中  内层变量可能会赋盖外层变量

        var time = new Date();
        function fun() {
            console.log(time);
            if (false) {
                //由于time的声明提前,导致输出时的time找不到外界的time
                var time = 'HELLO'
            };
        };
        fun();
        //undefined


        //

        //在ES5中  内层函数可能会赋盖外层函数

        function fun() {
            console.log('I am outside!');
        };
        (function () {
            if (false) {
                //ES5中此方法会被声明提前,ES6中此方法不会被声明提前
                function fun() {
                    console.log('I am inside!');
                }
            };
            fun()
        }());
        // I am inside! (ES5得出的结果)
        // I am outside!(ES6得出的结果)

        //

        //在ES5中,用来计数的循环变量泄露为全局变量

        var string = 'HELLO';
        for (var i = 0; i < string.length; i++) {
            console.log(string[i]);
            //H
            //E
            //L
            //L
            //O
        };
        //循环内的i没释放,外面依然可用
        console.log(i);
        //5
    </script>
    <h1>4.模板字符串</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        //模板字符串内可以写变量
        let dessert = 'cake';
        let drink = 'tea';
        let breakfast = `今天的早餐是 ${dessert} 与 ${drink} !`;
        console.log(breakfast);
        //今天的早餐是 cake 与 tea !

        //

        //模板字符串内写运算符
        let name = 'Augus';
        let html = `<h1>${name === 'zoe' ? 'ok' : 'no'}</h1>`
        console.log(html);
        //<h1>no</h1>

        //

        //模板字符串内写函数
        function log() {
            return 'good'
        }

        let html = `<h1>${log()}</h1>`
        console.log(html);
        //<h1>good</h1>
    </script>
    <h1>5.带标签的模板</h1>
    <script>

        //标签为一个函数,用于处理模板字符串里面的字符
        //示例1
        'use strict';
        let food = 'cake';
        let water = 'tea';
        let restaurant = kitchen`今天的早餐是 ${food} 与 ${water} !`;

        function kitchen(strings, ...values) {
            console.log(strings);
            //["今天的早餐是 ", " 与 ", " !", raw: Array(3)]
            console.log(values);
            //["cake", "tea"]
            let result = '大家好,';
            for (var i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
                result += strings[i];
                result += values[i];
            }
            result += strings[strings.length - 1];
            return result;
        }
        console.log(restaurant);
        //大家好,今天的早餐是 cake 与 tea !

        

        //示例2
        'use strict';
        //第一个参数strArr为模板中所有字符串的集合
        //第二个参数及后面的参数为模板中的变量
        function tag(strArr, arg1, arg2) {
            console.log(strArr);
            //['','','']
            console.log(arg1);
            //leo
            console.log(arg2);
            //30
        }
        let name = 'leo';
        let age = '30';
        var result = tag`${name} ${age}`;

        //

        //示例3
        'use strict';
        function safe(strArr) {
            let result = '';
            for (var i = 0, len = strArr.length; i < len; i++) {
                result += strArr[i].replace(/p/g, 'a').replace(/hello/g, '你好');
                //去掉结果多余的undefined
                if (i < arguments.length - 1) {
                    result += arguments[i + 1];
                }
            }
            return result;
        }

        let name = 'Augus';

        let result = safe`<p>hello ${name}</p>`;

        console.log(result);

        // <a>你好 Augus </a>

    </script>
    <h1>6.常量const</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        const a = 10;
        const a = 11;
        console.log(a);
        //Identifier 'a' has already been declared
        //常量一但声明,不可更改


        const b = [];
        let c = [10, 11, 12];
        let d = [20, 21, 22];
        b.push(c, d);
        console.log(b);
        //[Array(3), Array(3)]=>[[10,11,12],[20,21,22]]
        //常量可以声明一个空数组,然后push数组和值进去

    </script>
    <h1>7.函数的name属性</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        let lunch = function (argument) { }
        console.log(lunch.name);
        //lunch
        //函数为匿名时,name为变量

        let dinner = function superDinner(argument) { }
        console.log(dinner.name);
        //superDinner
        //函数为有名时,name属性为函数名
    </script>
    <h1>8.结构化</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        function web() {
            return ['HTML', 'CSS', 'JS'];
        }
        let [skill1, skill2, skill3] = web();
        console.log(skill1, skill2, skill3);
        // HTML CSS JS
    </script>
    <h1>9.导入与导出</h1>
    <script>
        //依赖于相关文件
        //a文件  命名为a
        'use strict';
        let fruit = 'apple';
        let dessert = 'cake';
        export { fruit, dessert };
        //可以导出的不仅是变量,还可以导出函数、类或是整个文件


        //b文件 命名为b
        'use strict';
        import { fruit, dessert } from './a';
        console.log(fruit, dessert);
        //apple,cake
        import * as chef from './a';
        //或者
        import chef from './a';
        console.log(chef.fruit, chef.dessert);
        //apple,cake
    </script>
    <h1>10.导入与导出重命名</h1>
    <script>
        //依赖于相关文件
        //a文件  命名为a
        'use strict';
        let fruit = 'apple';
        let dessert = 'cake';
        function dinner(fruit, dessert) {
            console.log(`今天的晚餐是 ${fruit} 与 ${dessert} !`);
        }
        export { fruit, dessert, dinner as supper };
        //可以导出的不仅是变量,还可以导出函数、类或是整个文件

        //b文件 命名为b
        'use strict';
        import { fruit, dessert, supper as lunch } from './a';
        lunch(fruit, dessert);
        //今天的晚餐是 apple 与 cake !
    </script>
    <h1>11.判断字符串</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        let first = 'word';
        let second = 'grammar';

        let english = `英语学习第一掌握${first},第二学习${second}!`;

        //判断是否以指定字符串开头
        console.log(english.startsWith('英语'));
        //true

        //判断是否以指定字符串结尾
        console.log(english.endsWith('grammar!'));
        //true

        //判断是否包含指定字符串
        console.log(english.includes('掌握'));
        //true
    </script>
    <h1>12.给函数的参数设置默认值</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        function life(third = 'money', fourth = 'dream') {
            return `生活就是${third}与${fourth}`
        }
        //不传参数,打印出来的是默认值
        console.log(life());
        //生活就是money与dream

        console.log(life('rice', 'sleep'));
        //生活就是rice与sleep
    </script>
    <h1>13.为函数设置一个对象作为参数</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';

        function party(dessert, drink, { location, restaurant } = {}) {
            console.log(dessert, drink, location, restaurant);
        };
        //对象参数设置为一个空数组时,不传参不会报错
        party('cake', 'tea', { location: '深圳', restaurant: '左湘右邻' });
        //cake tea 深圳 左湘右邻
    </script>
    <h1>14.箭头函数</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';

        //普通写法
        var cup1 = function cup1(tea) {
            return tea;
        }

        //ES6的写法
        let cup2 = tea => tea;

        //有多个参数时,加上小括号
        let cup3 = (tea, milk) => tea + milk;

        //需要对结果处理时,加上大括号
        let cup4 = (tea, milk) => {

            return `渴了你可以喝${tea}与${milk}`
        }
        //1.在function中this是可变的,在箭头函数中是不可变的;
        //2.在箭头函数中不能正常的使用arguments;
        //  var fun=n=>{console.log(argument[0]);};
        //  fun(12);结果为{},正常情况下应该是12,打印出来却是一个对象;
        //3.箭头函数定义的方法不能作为构造函数,也就是不能用new 如new fun();
        //4.箭头函数中一个参数可以省略(),方法语句中一行可以省略{};
        //5.箭头函数中默认的有返回功能,不用return,有大括号就要return;
        //  var fun=n=>n*2;或者 var fun=n=>{return n*2};
        //  console.log(fn(5)); 结果为10;
    </script>
    <h1>15.用方括号添加带空格的属性</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';

        let weekend = {};
        weekend.lunch = 'bread';
        console.log(weekend);
        //{lunch: "bread"}

        //如果要添加的属性中包含空格,需要通过[]去添加
        let monday = {};
        monday['hot drink'] = 'soup';
        console.log(monday);
        //{hot drink: "soup"}
    </script>
    <h1>16.定义类class</h1>
    <script>
        //示例1
        'use strict';
        //定义类
        class Chef {
            //声明方法接受参数
            constructor(food) {
                this.food = food;
            }
            //声明一个方法使用函数
            cook() {
                console.log(this.food);
            }

        }

        let Augus = new Chef('bread');

        Augus.cook();
        //bread

        //示例2
        //ES5中的类定义如下
        function User(name, age) {
            this.name = name;
            this.age = age;
        }
        //静态方法
        User.getClassName = function () {
            return 'User';
        };
        //原型对象上添加公共方法
        User.prototype.changeName = function (name) {
            this.name = name;
        };
        //原型对象上添加公共方法
        User.prototype.changeAge = function (age) {
            this.age = age;
        }
        //添加取值函数和存值函数
        Object.defineProperty(User.prototype, 'info', {
            get() {
                return 'name:' + this.name + ' | age:' + this.age;
            }
        });
        var user = new User('leo', 22);
        console.log(user);
        //{name:'leo',age:22}
        //添加子类
        function Manager(name, age, password) {
            User.call(this, name, age);
            this.password = password;
        }
        //继承静态方法
        Manager.__proto__ = User;
        //继承原型方法
        Manager.prototype = User.prototype;
        //添加新方法
        Manager.prototype.changePassword = function (pwd) {
            this.password = password;
        }
        var manager = new Manager('leo', 22, '123');
        manager.changeName('Augus');
        console.log(manager.info);
        //name:Augus | age:22


        //


        //采用ES6定义类
        class User {
            constructor(name, age) {
                this.name = name;
                this.age = age;
            }
            static getClassName() {
                return 'User';
            }
            changeName(name) {
                this.name = name;
            }
            changeAge(age) {
                this.age = age;
            }
            get info() {
                return 'name:' + this.name + ' | age:' + this.age;
            }
        }

        //子类继承
        class Manager extends User {

            constructor(name, age, password) {
                //第一行必须要写super,因为首先要创建父类的对象
                super(name, age);
                this.password = password;
            }
            changePassword(password) {
                this.password = password;
            }
            get info() {
                var info = super.info;
                console.log(info);
                //name:Augus | age:22
                return info + '--New';
            }
        }
        var manager = new Manager('leo', 22, '123');
        manager.changeName('Augus');
        console.log(manager.info);
        //name:Augus | age:22 --new


        //子类继承
        class I extends User {
            //自动加入默认constructor
            constructor(...arg) {
                super(...arg)
            }
        };
        var me = new I('leo', 28);
        console.log(me);
        //{name:'leo',age:28}


        //


        //立即执行的类
        let user = new class User {
            constructor(name) {
                this.name = name;
            }
        }('Augus');
        console.log(user);
        // {name:'Augus'}

        //

        //类不能被提升,此处打印user会出现未定义
        var user = new User();
        class User {
            constructor(name) {
                this.name = name;
            }
        }
    </script>
    <h1>17.获取与设置</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        class chef1 {
            constructor(food) {
                this.food = food;
                this.dish = [];
            }
            get menu() {
                return this.dish;
            }
            set menu(dish) {
                this.dish.push(dish);
            }
            cook() {
                console.log(this.food);

            }

        }
        let zoe = new chef1();
        console.log(zoe.menu = 'vegetable');
        //vegetable

        console.log(zoe.menu = 'fruit');
        //fruit

        console.log(zoe.menu);
        //["vegetable", "fruit"]
    </script>
    <h1>18.给类添加静态的方法</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        class chef10 {
            constructor(food) {
                this.food = food;
                this.dish = [];
            }

            get menu() {
                return this.dish;
            }

            set menu(dish) {
                this.dish.push(dish);
            }
            //添加static成静态的方法
            static cook(food) {
                console.log(food);

            }

        }
        //不需要实例化对象就可以使用
        chef10.cook('orange');
        //orange
    </script>
    <h1>19.类的继承</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        //类1
        class Person {
            constructor(name, birthday) {
                this.name = name;
                this.birthday = birthday;
            }
            intro() {
                return `${this.name},${this.birthday}`;
            }
        }

        class worker extends Person {
            constructor(name, birthday) {
                //使用super调用父类里面的东西
                super(name, birthday);
            }

        }

        let grice = new worker('grice', '1987-07-25');
        console.log(grice.intro());

    </script>
    <h1>20.对象字面量中的简写</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';

        let a = 100, b = 200;

        let num = {
            a,
            //直接加上属性,不需要写成a:a,
            b,
            //直接加上属性,不需要写成b:b,
            c() { }
            //直接简写,不需要写成c:function(){},
        }
        console.log(num);
        //{a: 100, b: 200, c: ƒ}
    </script>
    <h1>21.判断对象是否相等</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        console.log(+0 == -0);
        //true
        console.log(+0 === -0);
        //true
        console.log(NaN == NaN);
        //false

        //使用Object.is判断两个对象
        console.log(Object.is(+0, -0));
        //false
        console.log(Object.is(NaN, NaN));
        //true
    </script>
    <h1>22.将一个对象的属性复制到另一个对象里面</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        let container = {};
        Object.assign(
            //复制的目标地址
            container,
            //复制源地址及属性
            { drink: 'beer' },
            //第二次复制的会覆盖第一次复制的
            { drink: 'water' }
        );
        console.log(container);
        //{drink: "water"}
    </script>
    <h1>23.创建对象以后改变对象的prototype</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';

        let tuesday = {
            getDrink() {
                return 'tea';
            }
        };
        let wendsday = {
            getDrink() {
                return 'water';
            }
        };
        //使用Object.create创建一个基于tuesday的对象
        let thursday = Object.create(tuesday);

        console.log(thursday.getDrink());
        //tea

        console.log(Object.getPrototypeOf(thursday) === tuesday);
        //true

        //设置对象的原型类型
        Object.setPrototypeOf(thursday, wendsday);
        console.log(thursday.getDrink());
        //water

        console.log(Object.getPrototypeOf(thursday) === wendsday);
        //true
    </script>
    <h1>24.得到和设置对象里面的prototype</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        let friday = {
            getFood() {
                return 'noodles';
            }
        };

        let saturday = {
            getFood() {
                return 'pasta';
            }
        };

        let sunday = {
            __proto__: friday
        };

        console.log(sunday.getFood());
        //noodles
        console.log(Object.getPrototypeOf(sunday) === friday);
        //true


        sunday.__proto__ = saturday;
        console.log(sunday.getFood());
        //pasta
        console.log(Object.getPrototypeOf(sunday) === saturday);
        //true

    </script>
    <h1>25.调用和修改父类型的方法</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        let one = {
            getScore() {
                return '20';
            }
        };
        let two = {
            getScore() {
                return '30';
            }
        };
        let three = {

            __proto__: one,

            getScore() {
                return parseInt(super.getScore()) + 50;
            }

        };
        console.log(three.getScore());
        //70
    </script>
    <h1>26.Iterator迭代器</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';

        function chef5(foods) {
            let i = 0;
            return {
                //特定方法
                next() {
                    //表示是否完成跌代,完成为true,否则为false
                    let done = (i >= foods.length);
                    //表示返回来的值,每次执行完索引号加1
                    let value = !done ? foods[i++] : undefined;
                    return {
                        value: value,
                        done: done
                    }
                }
            }

        }
        let coco = chef5(['tomatoes', 'egg']);

        console.log(coco.next());
        //{value: "tomatoes", done: false}

        console.log(coco.next());
        //{value: "egg", done: false}

        console.log(coco.next());
        //{value: undefined, done: true}

    </script>
    <h1>27.生成迭代器</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';

        //yield为语法固定

        // function* student(){
        // 	yield 'rice';
        // 	yield 'soup';
        // }

        //let john=student();


        //function* student(foods){
        let student = function* (foods) {
            for (let i = 0; i < foods.length; i++) {
                yield foods[i];
            }
        }


        let john = student(['rice', 'soup'])

        //next()为特定方法
        console.log(john.next());
        //{value: "rice", done: false}
        console.log(john.next());
        //{value: "soup", done: false}
        console.log(john.next());
        //{value: "rice", done: false}
    </script>
    <h1>28.有序列表集合Set</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        //Set会将其内容打散成字母,并去掉重复字母
        let desserts = new Set('12 ab 12');
        console.log(desserts);
        //Set(5) {"1", "2", " ", "a", "b"}

        //添加
        desserts.add('34').add('45')
        console.log(desserts);
        //Set(7) {"1", "2", " ", "a", "b","34","45"}
        console.log(NaN === NaN);
        //false
        desserts.add(NaN).add(NaN).add(NaN);
        //NaN不等于NaN,但是在添加的时候会认为相等
        //Set(8) {"1", "2", " ", "a", "b","34","45","NaN"}

        //判断length
        console.log(desserts.size);
        //6 
        //会将相同值算为一个值的长度

        //判断是否存在
        console.log(desserts.has('34'));
        //true

        //删除
        desserts.delete('34');
        console.log(desserts);
        //Set(5) {"1", "2", " ", "a", "b"}

        //循环
        desserts.forEach(desserts => {
            console.log(desserts);
        });
        //1 
        //2
        //
        //a
        //b


        //清除
        desserts.clear();
        console.log(desserts);
        //Set(0) {}


        //数组去重
        let arr = ['Augus', 'Augus', 'zoe'];
        let newArr = Array.from(new Set(arr));
        console.log(newArr);
        //['Augus','zoe']
        console.log(Set.prototype[Symbol.iterator] === Set.prototype.values);
        //true;




        let st = new Set(['qq961601634', 'Augus', '越陌度阡']);
        //正常遍历
        for (let v of st) {
            console.log(v)
        }
        //set中的V和K是一样的,以下为示例说明
        let keysI = st.keys();
        for (let k of keysI) {
            console.log(k);
            //qq961601634
            //Augus
            //越陌度阡
        }
        let valuesI = st.values()
        for (let v of valuesI) {
            console.log(v);
            //qq961601634
            //Augus
            //越陌度阡
        }
        let entriesI = st.entries();
        for (let o of entriesI) {
            console.log(o);
            //['qq961601634','qq961601634']
            //['Augus','Augus']
            //['越陌度阡','越陌度阡']
        }

    </script>
    <h1>29.组织对象map</h1>
    <script>
        'use strict';
        let foods = new Map();
        let fruit = {}, cook = function () { }, main = '面包';

        foods.set(fruit, 'banana');
        foods.set(cook, 'knife');
        foods.set(main, 'bread');
        //属性可以是任意的,NaN也可
        console.log(foods);
        //Map(3) {{…} => "banana", ƒ => "knife", "面包" => "bread"}

        console.log(foods.size);
        //3

        //获取指定属性的值
        console.log(foods.get(fruit));
        //banana

        //删除
        foods.delete(main);
        console.log(foods.has(main));
        //false

        //循环
        foods.forEach((value, key) => {
            console.log(`${key}=${value}`);
        })
        //[object Object]=banana;
        //function (){}=knife

        //清除
        foods.clear();
        console.log(foods);
        //Map(0) {}

        

        let map = new Map([
            ['name', 'leo'],
            ['qq', '961601634']
        ]);
        console.log(map);
        //Map{'name=>'leo','qq'=>'961601634'}
        console.log(map.get('name'), map.get('qq'));
        //leo 961601634

        let keys = map.keys();
        for (let k of keys) {
            console.log(k);
            //name qq
        }

        let values = map.values();
        for (let v of values) {
            console.log(v);
            //let 961601634
        }

        let entries = map.entries();
        for (let o of entries) {
            console.log(o);
            //['name','leo'],
            //['qq','961601634']
        }

        console.log(Set.prototype[Symbol.iterator] === Set.prototype.values);
        //true;
        console.log(Map.prototype[Symbol.iterator] === Map.prototype.values);
        //false;
        console.log(Map.prototype[Symbol.iterator] === Map.prototype.entries);
        //true;说明map与entries一样的

        //map的遍历方法
        map.forEach(function (k, v) {
            console.log(k, v);
            //leo name
            //961601634 qq
        })

        //遍历的特殊用法,绑定一个变量
        var me = {
            name: 'liang'
        };
        map.forEach(function (k, v) {
            console.log(this.name, k, v)
            //liang 961601634 qq
        }, me);

    </script>
    <h1>30.异步函数promise</h1>
    <script>
        function asyncFun(a, b, cb) {
            setTimeout(function () {
                cb(a + b);
            }, 200);
        }
        //cb对应function,a+b对庆result
        asyncFun(1, 2, function (result) {
            if (result > 2) {
                asyncFun(result, 2, function (result) {
                    if (result > 4) {
                        asyncFun(result, 2, function (result) {
                            console.log('ok')
                        });
                    }
                });
            }
        });
        //以上代码会产生思维断点,也不优雅,以下为运用promise的写法
        'use strict';

        function asyncFun(a, b) {
            //resolve表示在计算过程中有了结果调用它,并把结果传给它;
            //reject表示错误调用第二个函数reject;
            return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
                if (typeof a != 'number' || typeof b != 'number') {
                    //异常处理
                    reject(new Error('no number'));
                }
                setTimeout(function () {
                    resolve(a + b);
                }, 200)
            });
        }

        asyncFun(1, 2)
        //then代表上面代码中的resolve
        //function(err){}代表上面代码中的reject,即错误发生在第一个then的处理
        //当function(err){}里面捕获到错误了,catch里面就不会被运行了
        .then(function (result) {
            if (result > 2) {
                return asyncFun(result, 2);
            }

        }, function (err) {
            console.log('first-', err)
        })
        .then(function (result) {
            if (result > 4) {
                console.log('ok')
            }

        })
        //通过catch获取异常
        .catch(function (error) {
            console.log('second-', err);
        });

        //举例说明(1)
        'use strict';
        class User {
            constructor(name, password) {
                this.name = name;
                this.password = password;
            }
            validateName(cb) {
                let name = this.name;
                return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
                    //模拟异步
                    setTimeout(function () {
                        if (name == 'leo') {
                            resolve('success');
                        } else {
                            reject('error');
                        }
                    });
                });
            }
            validatePassword(cb) {
                let password = this.password;
                return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
                    //模拟异步
                    setTimeout(function () {
                        if (password == '123') {
                            resolve('success');
                        } else {
                            reject('error');
                        }
                    });
                });

            }
        }

        const user = new User('leo', '123');

        user.validateName().then(function (result) {
            throw new Error('first error!');
            //以上错误会被catch()捕获

            //执行密码验证
            // return user.validatePassword();

            //如果以上return返回的不是promise,而是return 'validate name ok'
            //会对返回结果进行封装,创建一个promise对象
            //var promise=Promise.resolve('validate name ok');
            //以上的Promise.resolve又相当于以下代码
            //var promise=new Promise(function(resolove,reject){
            // resolve('validate name ok')
            // })
        }, function (err) {
            //此函数相当于reject,如果validateName验证错误,会执行此语句,
            //如果验证正确,会执行throw new Error('first error!'),被catch捕获
            console.log('second error');
        })
        //以上第一个then中抛出的错误会被捕获
        .catch(function (err) {
            console.log(err);
            //执行密码验证
            return user.validatePassword();
        })

        .then(function (result) {
            console.log(result);
        }, function (err) {
            //此函数相当于reject,validatePassword验证错误,会执行此语句
            //如果没有function(err),会被catch抛出错误
            console.log('validate Password Error');
            //如果处理错误过程中还会抛出异常,catch就会被执行
            throw new Error('xx');

        })
        //以上代码中抛出的错误会被捕获
        .catch(function (err) {
            console.log('validate pwd err');
        })

        //1.then没有赋于处理错误的参数,将由catch处理
        //2.如果then自身有处理错误的参数,将由function(err)处理

        //举例说明(2)

        'use strict';

        function asyncFun(a, b, time) {
            //resolve表示在计算过程中有了结果调用它,并把结果传给它;
            //reject表示错误调用第二个函数reject;
            return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
                if (typeof a != 'number' || typeof b != 'number') {
                    //异常处理
                    reject(new Error('no number'));
                }
                setTimeout(function () {
                    resolve(a + b);
                }, time)
            });
        }

        // var resultList=[];
        // asyncFun(1,2)
        // 	.then(function(result){
        // 		resultList.push(result);
        // 		return asyncFun(2,3);
        // 	})
        // 	.then (function(result){
        // 		resultList.push(result);
        // 	});

        //以上注释代码可用以下Promise中的all代替
        var promise = Promise.all([asyncFun(1, 2, 20), asyncFun(2, 3, 30), asyncFun(1, 22, 40)]);
        promise.then(function (result) {
            console.log(result);
            //[3,5,23]
        });

        //Promise中的race可对执行结果进行时间排序,得出第一个执行完的结果
        var promise = Promise.race([asyncFun(1, 2, 200), asyncFun(2, 3, 30), asyncFun(1, 22, 40)]);
        promise.then(function (result) {
            console.log(result);
            //5
        });

        //Promise中的race执行时,如果某一个结果有错,都会停止运算,抛出错误
        var promise = Promise.race([asyncFun('a', 2, 200), asyncFun(2, 3, 30), asyncFun(1, 22, 40)]);
        promise.then(function (result) {
            console.log(result);
        }).catch(err => {
            console.log(err);
            //[Error:no number]
        });

    </script>
    <h1>31.symbols与遍历器的认识</h1>
    <script>
        var obj = {
            name: 'leo',
            'my name': 'Augus'
        };
        obj.name;       //leo
        obj['my name']; //Augus
    </script>
    <h1>32.ajax请求转换图片二进制</h1>
    <img id="myImg">
    <script>
        var image = document.getElementById('myImg');
        var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
        xhr.responseType = 'arrybuffer';
        // 请确保有正确图片
        xhr.open('GET', './img.jpg');


        xhr.onload = function () {
            var result = xhr.response;
            console.log(result, result.byteLength);
            var blob = new Blob([result]);
            image.src = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
        };
        xhr.send();
    </script>
</body>

</html>           

复制

上一篇: mac nginx 安装