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Spring Cloud(Finchley.RELEASE版本)微服务学习实践:3.1服务消费者-Ribbon

环境:

jdk1.8;spring boot2.0.3;spring cloud(Finchley.RELEASE版本);Maven3.3

摘要说明:

服务消费者:即调用注册中心中的注册服务暴露出的接口;同一服务提供者会启动多个,故服务消费者需要起到负载均衡的作用

Spring Cloud Ribbon:Spring Cloud Ribbon是基于Netflix Ribbon实现的一套客户端负载均衡的工具。它是一个基于HTTP和TCP的客户端负载均衡器。它可以通过在客户端中配置ribbonServerList来设置服务端列表去轮询访问以达到均衡负载的作用。

步骤:

1.创建ribbon(ribbon的服务消费者)子项目

通过

SPRING INITIALIZR

工具选择Cloud Routing:Ribbon模块构建ribbon子项目引入依赖(pom.xnl):

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>pers.cc</groupId>
		<artifactId>springCloud</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	</parent>
	<artifactId>ribbon</artifactId>
	<name>ribbon</name>
	<description>ribbon消费者</description>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>
           

2.配置ribbon(ribbon的服务消费者)子项目

使用@EnableDiscoveryClient和@LoadBalanced注解开启ribbon的服务消费者配置;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class RibbonApplication {
	@Bean
	@LoadBalanced
	RestTemplate restTemplate() {
		return new RestTemplate();
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(RibbonApplication.class, args);
	}
}
           

配置application.properties

#配置服务及端口
spring.application.name=ribbon-consumer
server.port=3001
#注册到注册中心
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:1001/eureka/

#从eureka服务器注册表中获取注册信息的时间间隔(s),默认为30秒
eureka.client.registry-fetch-interval-seconds=5
           

3.开发服务提供者接口

在服务提供者eurekaDiscovery中开发部分接口给消费者调用

import java.util.Date;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class TestController {
	@Autowired
	DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

	@GetMapping("/dc")
	public String dc() {
		String services = "Services: " + discoveryClient.getServices() + new Date().getTime();
		System.out.println(services);
		return services;
	}

	@GetMapping("/add")
	public Integer add(@RequestParam Integer a, @RequestParam Integer b) {
		System.out.println(a + b);
		return a + b;
	}

	@GetMapping("/stop")
	public String stop() throws InterruptedException {
		System.out.println("stop");
		Thread.sleep(5000L);
		return "stop";
	}
}
           

4.开发ribbon调用提供者接口

在服务提供者eurekaDiscovery中开发部分接口给消费者调用

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class TestCoontroller {
	@Autowired
	RestTemplate restTemplate;

	@RequestMapping(value = "/test", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public String test() {
		return restTemplate.getForEntity("http://EUREKA-CLIENT/dc", String.class).getBody();
	}
}
           

5.调用ribbon

先后启动:

服务注册中心(eurekaServer):eureka-server(1001)

服务提供者(eurekaDiscovery):eureka-client(2001)

服务提供者(eurekaDiscovery):eureka-client(2002)

服务消费者(ribbon):ribbon-consumer(3001)

多次输入http://localhost:3001/test;查看eurekaDiscovery两个服务提供者都会出现调用达到负载均衡的作用;

6.源码地址

github地址:https://github.com/cc6688211/springCloud.git

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