1,iostat
the iostat command reports I/O statistics for each active disk on the system
# iostat -t x y
x表示间隔的时间，y表示间隔显示的次数
这个命令一般用于查看的参数是bps、sps、msps，一般来说msps的值都是1.0
2,ps
the ps command displays information about selected processes running on the system
3,sar
the sar command collects and reports on many different system activities,including
CPU,buffer cache,disk,and others
# sar -u 5 4
HP-UX d270_1 B.10.20 E 9000/861 11/15/05
10:22:46 %usr %sys %wio %idle
10:22:51 0 0 0 100
10:22:56 0 0 0 100
10:23:01 0 0 0 100
10:23:06 0 0 0 100
Average 0 0 0 100
# sar -d 5 4
HP-UX d270_1 B.10.20 E 9000/861 11/15/05
10:23:13 device %busy avque r+w/s blks/s avwait avserv
10:23:17
10:23:21 c2t6d0 0.50 0.50 0 8 1.11 18.47
10:23:25
10:23:29
Average c2t6d0 0.12 0.50 0 2 1.11 18.47
4,time,timex
the time and timex commands report the elapsed time,the time spent in system mode,and the time spent in user mode, for a specific invocation of a process
5,top
the top command displays a real-time list of the top CPU consumers on the system
# top -s 10:间隔十秒显示top信息
6,uptime
the uptime command shows how long a system has been up,and who is logged in and what they are doing
# uptime
10:30am up 14 days, 22:46, 1 user, load average: 3.11, 3.10, 3.09
# uptime -w
10:32am up 14 days, 22:48, 1 user, load average: 3.10, 3.10, 3.09
User tty [email protected] idle JCPU PCPU what
root ttyp1 9:32am uptime -w
7,vmstat
the vmstat command reports virtual memory statistics about processes, virtual memory, and CPU activity
# vmstat -n 5 2
VM
memory page faults
avm free re at pi po fr de sr in sy cs
2375 3128 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 161 38 33
CPU
cpu procs
us sy id r b w
0 1 99 0 3 0
1528 3094 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 142 40 32
0 0 100 0 3 0
8,glance和gpm只支持版本11.0
9,MeasureWare和PerfView工具只支持版本10.x和11.x
10,netstat
the netstat command displays general networking statistics
# netstat -rn
Routing tables
Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Interface Pmtu PmtuTime
127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 UH 0 350 lo0 4608
162.16.10.214 127.0.0.1 UH 1 291489 lo0 4608
192.168.1.1 127.0.0.1 UH 0 616 lo0 4608
default 172.16.10.254 UG 0 8190 lan0 1500
172.18.11.0 172.18.18.224 U 1 159593 lan0 1500
172.169.1 172.169.1.1 U 0 0 btlan02 1500
11,nfsstat
the nfsstat command displays network file system statistics
# nfsstat
Server rpc:
calls badcalls nullrecv badlen xdrcall nfsdrun
0 0 0 0 0 0
Server nfs:
calls badcalls
0 0
null getattr setattr root lookup readlink read
0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
wrcache write create remove rename link symlink
0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
mkdir rmdir readdir statfs
0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Client rpc:
calls badcalls retrans badxid timeout wait newcred
7 0 0 0 0 0 0
Client nfs:
calls badcalls nclget nclsleep
7 0 7 0
null getattr setattr root lookup readlink read
0 0% 3 42% 0 0% 0 0% 2 28% 0 0% 0 0%
wrcache write create remove rename link symlink
0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
mkdir rmdir readdir statfs
0 0% 0 0% 1 14% 1 14%
12,ping
the ping command sends an ICMP echo packet to a host, and times how long it takes for the echo packet to return
13,lanscan
the lanscan command displays the LAN card configuration and status
# lanscan
Hardware Station Crd Hardware Net-Interface NM MAC HP DLPI Mjr
Path Address In# State NameUnit State ID Type Support Num
8/16/6 0x08000955A23A 0 UP lan0 UP 4 ETHER Yes 52
8/20/5/1 0x0060B05838EF 1 UP btlan01 DOWN 5 ETHER Yes 77
8/20/5/2 0x0060B0580412 2 UP btlan02 UP 6 ETHER Yes 77
14,lanadmin
the lanadmin command tests, displays statistics for, and allows modifications to LAN cards on the HP-UX system
# lanadmin
LOCAL AREA NETWORK ONLINE ADMINISTRATION, Version 1.0
Tue , Nov 15,2005 11:02:51
Copyright 1994 Hewlett Packard Company.
All rights are reserved.
Test Selection mode.
lan = LAN Interface Administration
menu = Display this menu
quit = Terminate the Administration
terse = Do not display command menu
verbose = Display command menu
15,ndd
the ndd command allows the examination and modification of several tunable parameters that affect networking operation and behavior
to list the contents of the "arp cache"
# ndd -get /dev/arp arp_cache_report
to set the value of the default TTL parameter for UDP to 128:
# ndd -set /dev/udp udp_def_ttl 128
16,nettune
the nettune command allows modifications to be made to network parameters, which in previous releases were not modifiable, this command was not included with the HP-UX 11.0 release
to get the value of the tcp_send object:
# nettune tcp_send
32768
17,NetMetrix
the NetMetrix product makes use of LAN probes to collect network traffic information
18,ipcs
the ipcs command displays information about active interprocess communication facilities.with no options, ipcs displays information in short format about message queues,shared memory segments, and semaphores that are currently active in the system
# ipcs
IPC status from /dev/kmem as of Tue Nov 15 11:18:28 2005
T ID KEY MODE OWNER GROUP
Message Queues:
q 0 0x3c1c033e -Rrw--w--w- root root
q 1 0x3e1c033e --rw-r--r-- root root
Shared Memory:
m 0 0x2f100002 --rw------- root sys
m 1 0x411c0329 --rw-rw-rw- root root
m 2 0x4e0c0002 --rw-rw-rw- root root
m 3 0x41200cd9 --rw-rw-rw- root root
Semaphores:
s 0 0x2f100002 --ra-ra-ra- root sys
s 1 0x411c0329 --ra-ra-ra- root root
s 2 0x4e0c0002 --ra-ra-ra- root root
19,ipcrm
the ipcrm command removes one or more specified message-queue, semaphore-set, or shared-
memory identifiers
# ipcs -s
T ID KEY MODE OWNER GROUP
Semaphores:
s 0 0x2f100002 --ra-ra-ra- root sys
s 1 0x411c0329 --ra-ra-ra- root root
s 2 0x4e0c0002 --ra-ra-ra- root root
s 3 0x41200cda --ra-ra-ra- root root
s 4 0x00446f6e --ra-r--r-- root root
s 5 0x00446f6d --ra-r--r-- root root
s 6 0x01090522 --ra-r--r-- root root
s 7 0x411c1e56 --ra-ra-ra- root root
s 8 0x6120d49b --ra-ra-ra- root root
# ipcrm -s 7
# ipcs -s
T ID KEY MODE OWNER GROUP
Semaphores:
s 0 0x2f100002 --ra-ra-ra- root sys
s 1 0x411c0329 --ra-ra-ra- root root
s 2 0x4e0c0002 --ra-ra-ra- root root
s 3 0x41200cda --ra-ra-ra- root root
s 4 0x00446f6e --ra-r--r-- root root
s 5 0x00446f6d --ra-r--r-- root root
s 6 0x01090522 --ra-r--r-- root root
s 8 0x6120d49b --ra-ra-ra- root root
20,nice
the nice command executes command at a nondefault CPU scheduling priority
# ps -l
F S UID PID PPID C PRI NI ADDR SZ WCHAN TTY TIME COM
D
1 R 0 29218 29217 0 178 20 19d8d00 101 - ttyp1 0:00 sh
1 S 0 29217 29136 0 158 20 18ae980 7 1097280 ttyp1 0:00 tim
ex
1 S 0 29136 29135 0 158 20 19e1e80 83 109b180 ttyp1 0:00 sh
1 S 0 29135 656 0 154 20 1942800 19 417400 ttyp1 0:00 tel
netd
1 R 0 29313 29218 2 178 20 18e2400 21 - ttyp1 0:00 ps
# nice sh
# ps -l
F S UID PID PPID C PRI NI ADDR SZ WCHAN TTY TIME COM
D
1 S 0 29218 29217 0 158 20 19d8d00 101 1097040 ttyp1 0:00 sh
1 S 0 29217 29136 0 158 20 18ae980 7 1097280 ttyp1 0:00 tim
ex
1 R 0 29315 29314 2 202 30 1898c80 21 - ttyp1 0:00 ps
1 S 0 29136 29135 0 158 20 19e1e80 83 109b180 ttyp1 0:00 sh
1 S 0 29135 656 0 154 20 1942800 19 417400 ttyp1 0:00 tel
netd
1 S 0 29314 29218 19 158 30 19d4700 101 109c5c0 ttyp1 0:00 sh
21,renice
the renice command alters the priority of a running process
22,getprivgrp
the getprivgrp command lists the access privileges of privileged groups
# getprivgrp
global privileges: CHOWN
23,setprivgrp
the setprivgrp command sets the access privileges of privileged groups.if a group_name is supplied, access privileges are listed for that group only.the superuser is a memeber of all groups
Access privileges include RTPRIO, RTSCHED, MLOCK, CHOWN, LOCKRDONLY, SETRUGID, SERIALIZE
24,rtprio:set real time process priority
rtsched:set POSIX real time process priority
scsictl:set parameters on SCSI devices
serialize:mark a program to run serially
fsadm:online JFS management tool
getext:display JFS extent attributes
setext:sets/changes JFS extent attributes
newfs:create a file system
tunefs:change a file system's attributes
PRM:process resource manager
WebQoS:web quality of service
25,bdf:local and remote mounted file system space
df:mounted file systems
mount:local and remote file system mounts
26,diskinfo:size and model of local disk drives
dmesg:I/O tree and memory details
ioscan:I/O tree and addressing
vgdisplay:local volume group contents/attributes
pvdisplay:local physical volume contents/attributes
lvdisplay:local logical volume contents/attributes
swapinfo:swap space utilization
sysdef:sizes and values of kernel tables and parms
kmtune:Query,set, or reset system parameters
27:prof:application profiler
gprof:enhanced application profiler
arm:define and measure response time of transactions for an application
28,puma:program utilization and measurement analysis
ttd:tracks how much time is spent between specific lines of code in a program
cxperf:cxperf is an interactive runtime performance analyzer for programs compied with
C,C++ and Fortran 90 compilers
AIX平台、HP-UNIX平台 主机日常性能数据采集
对于我们日常的维护和分析来说，保存一份主机日常性能采集的数据是非常有必要的。可以让我们在事后查看需要查看的那段时间的主机资源使用情况，也可以据此，我们来做一份分析报告。
1、AIX平台
在AIX平台下，我们可以借助nmon工具很方便的实现这个需求。我们需要做的就是上传nmon工具，然后在crontab中部署一个计划任务。
0 0 * * * cd /home/xigua ; ./nmon_aix53 -x >> nmon.log 2>&1
-x代表每隔15分钟做一次采样，当然如果你认为这个频率太低，可以修改。
例如：
0 0 * * * nmon64 -ft -D -E -I 1 -s 120 -c 720 -m /aixpatch/nmon_out
改成2分钟采集一次，每天采集720次。
2、HP-UNIX平台
在hp-unix下面比较麻烦一点，我们需要自己来写采集的脚本。脚本主要是调用glance来采集数据。
定义的crontab如下：
0 0 * * * cd /glance; ./glance.sh
/glance# more glance.sh
#
# This scripts use glance plus to monitor the performance .
#
#
#
#!/sbin/sh
HOST=`hostname`
DAY=`date '+%Y%m%d'`
cd /glance/
# NETWORK INTERFACE LOOP
nohup /opt/perf/bin/glance -adviser_only -nosort -iterations 288 -j 300 -syntax ./net.adviser >>./log/net_${HOS
T}_${DAY}.log &
# SYSTEM LOOP
nohup /opt/perf/bin/glance -adviser_only -nosort -iterations 288 -j 300 -syntax ./sys.adviser >>./log/sys_${HOS
T}_${DAY}.log &
#PROCESS LOOP
nohup /opt/perf/bin/glance -adviser_only -nosort -iterations 288 -j 300 -syntax ./process.adviser >>./log/proce
ss_${HOST}_${DAY}.log &
#DISK LOOP
nohup /opt/perf/bin/glance -adviser_only -nosort -iterations 288 -j 300 -syntax ./disk.adviser >>./log/disk_${H
OST}_${DAY}.log &
这个脚本负责调用4个模块的数据采集，采集的频率是5分钟。4个模块的采集数据定义如下 ：
cat sys.adviser
# This adviser script. prints the global cpu/disk/mem/swap utilization and also
# the network subsystem wait percent for the interval.
headers_printed=headers_printed
IF headers_printed == 0 THEN
{
print " CPU SYS USER DISK PHY_READ PHY_WRITE MEM SWAP Network"
print " Date Time Util Util Util Util RATE RATE Util Util Wait %"
print "------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
headers_printed=1
}
print GBL_STATDATE," ",GBL_STATTIME," ",
GBL_CPU_TOTAL_UTIL," ",GBL_CPU_SYS_MODE_UTIL," ",GBL_CPU_USER_MODE_UTIL," ",
GBL_DISK_UTIL_PEAK," ",GBL_DISK_PHYS_READ_BYTE_RATE,"KBs ",GBL_DISK_PHYS_WRITE_BYTE_RATE,"KBs ",
GBL_MEM_UTIL," ",
GBL_SWAP_SPACE_UTIL," ",
GBL_NETWORK_SUBSYSTEM_WAIT_PCT
/glance# cat net.adviser
# This version will only work with hp-ux 11.x.If you want it to
# work for 10.20 you need to remove the "BYNETIF_QUEUE," string
# below as that metric is only available from 11.x glance.
# The following string variable should be changed to the interface
# of interest. For example:
# netif_to_examine = "lan0"
# If you want to see all interfaces, leave it an empty string (""):
# netif_to_examine = ""
# initialize variables:
# headers_printed=headers_printed
netif_to_examine=""
# print headers before the loop
print " NetIF NetIn NetOut Net Net"
print " Date Time Name bytes/s bytes/s COLLISION ERROR"
print "----------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
# begin loop
netif loop
{
# print information for the selected interface or if null then all:
IF (BYNETIF_NAME == netif_to_examine) or (netif_to_examine == "") THEN
{
IF BYNETIF_IN_BYTE_RATE > 0 or BYNETIF_OUT_BYTE_RATE > 0 THEN
{
# print one line per interface reported which has byte_rate > 0:
print GBL_STATDATE," ",GBL_STATTIME," ",BYNETIF_NAME," ",
BYNETIF_IN_BYTE_RATE," ",BYNETIF_OUT_BYTE_RATE," ",
BYNETIF_COLLISION," ",BYNETIF_ERROR
}
# (note that some interface types do not report collisions or errors)
}
}
print ""
/glance# cat disk.adviser
#
# This adviser is used for capture the disk infomation .
#
# print headers before the loop
print " Mounted DISK RESPONSE PHY_READ PHY_WRITE DISK "
print " Date Time Filesystem IOPS TIME RATE RATE Util "
print "-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
DISK LOOP
if BYDSK_DIRNAME != "Unknown" and
(BYDSK_PHYS_READ_BYTE_RATE > 0
OR BYDSK_PHYS_WRITE_BYTE_RATE > 0
OR BYDSK_UTIL > 0)then {
GBL_STATDATE," ",GBL_STATTIME," ",
BYDSK_DIRNAME|15|0,BYDSK_PHYS_IO_RATE,BYDSK_AVG_SERVICE_TIME,"ms ",
BYDSK_PHYS_READ_BYTE_RATE,"KBs ",BYDSK_PHYS_WRITE_BYTE_RATE,"KBs",
BYDSK_UTIL
}
/glance# cat process.adviser
#
# This adviser is used to capture the process infomation .
#
# print headers before the loop
print " PROC PROC "
print " PORC PROC PROC PROC PROC LOG PHY PHY_IO PROC "
print " Date Time OWNER ID MEM MEM_HIGH CPU IOPS IOPS RATE NAME "
print "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
PROCESS LOOP
if PROC_MEM_RES > 100000 then {
GBL_STATDATE," ",GBL_STATTIME," ",
PROC_USER_NAME,PROC_PROC_ID|7|0," ",PROC_MEM_RES," ",PROC_MEM_RES_HIGH," ",
PROC_CPU_TOTAL_TIME,
PROC_DISK_LOGL_IO_RATE,PROC_DISK_PHYS_IO_RATE,
PROC_IO_BYTE_RATE,"KBs ",
PROC_PROC_NAME
}
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