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SpringMVC文件上传,拦截器,异常处理

SpringMVC的文件上传

文件上传

单文件上传

导入相应坐标

pom.xml

<!--文件上传-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.6</version>
        </dependency>
           

配置文件上传解析器

spring-mvc.xml

<!--配置文件上传解析器-->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UYF-8"/>
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="500000"/>
    </bean>
           

文件上传代码

upload.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: auas
  Date: 2021/1/7
  Time: 18:37
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/quick22" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    名称<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
    文件1<input type="file" name="uploadFile"><br/>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>

</body>
</html>

           

name=“uploadFile” 要与 MultipartFile uploadFile 一致

@RequestMapping(value="/quick22")
    @ResponseBody
    public void save22(String username, MultipartFile uploadFile) throws IOException {
        System.out.println(username);
        System.out.println(uploadFile);
        //获得上传文件的名称
        String originalFilename = uploadFile.getOriginalFilename();
        uploadFile.transferTo(new File("C:\\Users\\auas\\Desktop\\新建文件夹"+originalFilename));
    }
           
SpringMVC文件上传,拦截器,异常处理

桌面显示有此文件

多文件上传

文件上传代码

@RequestMapping(value="/quick23")
    @ResponseBody
    public void save23(String username, MultipartFile[] uploadFile) throws IOException {
        System.out.println(username);
        for (MultipartFile multipartFile : uploadFile) {
            String originalFilename = multipartFile.getOriginalFilename();
            multipartFile.transferTo(new File("C:\\upload\\"+originalFilename));
        }
    }
           

upload.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: auas
  Date: 2021/1/7
  Time: 18:37
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/quick23" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        名称<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
        文件1<input type="file" name="uploadFile"><br/>
        文件2<input type="file" name="uploadFile"><br/>
    	文件3<input type="file" name="uploadFile"><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="提交">
    </form>

</body>
</html>

           

SpringMVC的拦截器

拦截器

Spring MVC 的拦截器类似于 Servlet 开发中的过滤器 Filter,用于对处理器进行预处理和后处理。

将拦截器按一定的顺序联结成一条链,这条链称为拦截器链(InterceptorChain)。在访问被拦截的方法或字段时,拦截器链中的拦截器就会按其之前定义的顺序被调用。拦截器也是AOP思想的具体实现。

  • SpringMVC拦截器-interceptor和filter区别
    SpringMVC文件上传,拦截器,异常处理
  • 拦截器方法
    SpringMVC文件上传,拦截器,异常处理

实现代码

编写拦截器:

public class MyInterceptor1 implements HandlerInterceptor {
    //在目标方法执行之前 执行
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("preHandle.....");
        //return flase; 设置flase,后面所有都不执行
        return true  //放行
}
    //在目标方法执行之后 视图对象返回之前执行
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) {
System.out.println("postHandle...");
    }
    //在流程都执行完毕后 执行
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) {
        System.out.println("afterCompletion....");
    }
}

           

配置:在SpringMVC的配置文件中配置

Spring-mvc.xml

<!--配置拦截器-->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!--对哪些资源执行拦截操作-->
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <bean class="com.itheima.interceptor.MyInterceptor1"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>

           

编写测试程序测试:

编写Controller,发请求到controller,跳转页面

@Controller
public class TargetController {

    @RequestMapping("/target")
    public ModelAndView show(){
        System.out.println("目标资源执行......");
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.addObject("name","itcast");
        modelAndView.setViewName("index");
        return modelAndView;
    }

}
           

index.jsp页面

<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World! ${name}</h2>
</body>
</html>
           

http://localhost:8080/itheima_spring_mvc_war_exploded/target

preHandle…

目标资源执行…

postHandle…

afterCompletion…

应用场景

preHandle 应用场景

SpringMVC文件上传,拦截器,异常处理
SpringMVC文件上传,拦截器,异常处理

postHandle使用

SpringMVC文件上传,拦截器,异常处理
SpringMVC文件上传,拦截器,异常处理

多个拦截器执行

拦截器在预处理后什么情况下会执行目标资源,什么情况下不执行目标资源,以及在有多个拦截器的情况下拦截器的执行顺序是什么?

再编写一个拦截器2,

public class MyInterceptor2 implements HandlerInterceptor {
    //在目标方法执行之前 执行
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("preHandle22222.....");
        return true;
    }

    //在目标方法执行之后 视图对象返回之前执行
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) {
        System.out.println("postHandle2222...");
    }

    //在流程都执行完毕后 执行
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) {
        System.out.println("afterCompletion2222....");
    }
}
           

配置拦截器2

<!--配置拦截器-->
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!--对哪些资源执行拦截操作-->
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <bean class="com.itheima.interceptor.MyInterceptor2"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <!--对哪些资源执行拦截操作-->
            <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
            <bean class="com.itheima.interceptor.MyInterceptor1"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>

           

结论:

当拦截器的preHandle方法返回true则会执行目标资源,如果返回false则不执行目标资源

多个拦截器情况下,配置在前的先执行,配置在后的后执行

拦截器中的方法执行顺序是:preHandler-------目标资源----postHandle---- afterCompletion

SpringMVC文件上传,拦截器,异常处理

SpringMVC异常处理机制

系统中异常包括两类:预期异常和运行时异常RuntimeException,前者通过捕获异常从而获取异常信息,后者主要通过规范代码开发、测试等手段减少运行时异常的发生。

系统的Dao、Service、Controller出现都通过throws Exception向上抛出,最后由SpringMVC前端控制器交由异常处理器进行异常处理,如下图:

SpringMVC文件上传,拦截器,异常处理

异常处理两种方式

① 使用Spring MVC提供的简单异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver

② 实现Spring的异常处理接口HandlerExceptionResolver 自定义自己的异常处理器

简单异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver

代码

package com.itheima.service;

import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

public interface DemoService {
    void show1();
    void show2();
    void show3() throws FileNotFoundException;
    void show4();
    void show5() throws MyException;
}

           
package com.itheima.service;

import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {
    public void show1() {
        System.out.println("抛出类型转换异常....");
        Object str = "zhangsan";
        Integer num = (Integer)str;
    }

    public void show2() {
        System.out.println("抛出除零异常....");
        int i = 1/0;
    }

    public void show3() throws FileNotFoundException {
        System.out.println("文件找不到异常....");
        InputStream in = new FileInputStream("C:/xxx/xxx/xxx.txt");
    }

    public void show4() {
        System.out.println("空指针异常.....");
        String str = null;
        str.length();
    }

    public void show5() throws MyException {
        System.out.println("自定义异常....");
        throw new MyException();
    }
}

           

error.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>通用的错误提示页面</h1>
    <h1>${info}</h1>
</body>
</html>

           

相应异常与视图的映射配置

spring-mvc.xml

<!--配置简单映射异常处理器-->
    <bean class=“org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver”> 
        <!--统一使用异常-->
        <property name=“defaultErrorView” value=“error”/>   默认错误视图
        <!-- 或 根据 不同情况显示不同异常 
        <property name=“exceptionMappings”>
            <map>		异常类型		                             错误视图
                <entry key="com.itheima.exception.MyException" value="error"/>  自定义异常
                <entry key="java.lang.ClassCastException" value="error"/>     类型转换异常
            </map>
        </property>
        -->
</bean>
           

测试类

package com.itheima.controller;

import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import com.itheima.service.DemoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

@Controller
public class DemoController {

    @Autowired
    private DemoService demoService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/show")
    public String show() throws FileNotFoundException, MyException {
        System.out.println("show running......");
        demoService.show1();

        return "index";
    }

}

           
自定义异常处理步骤

实现Spring的异常处理接口HandlerExceptionResolver 自定义自己的异常处理器

  • 自定义异常
package com.itheima.resolver;

import com.itheima.exception.MyException;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class MyExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver {

    /*
        参数Exception:异常对象
        返回值ModelAndView:跳转到错误视图信息
     */
    public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) {
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();

        if(e instanceof MyException){
            modelAndView.addObject("info","自定义异常");
        }else if(e instanceof ClassCastException){
            modelAndView.addObject("info","类转换异常");
        }

        modelAndView.setViewName("error");

        return modelAndView;
    }
}

           
  • spring-mvc.xml