Rails Study(14)Debugging Rails Applications

Rails Study(14)Debugging Rails Applications

1. View Helpers for Debugging

To inspect the contents of a variable. We have 3 ways:

debug

to_yaml

inspect

1.1 debug

if we have this kind of code in a view:

<%= debug @post %>

<p>

<b>Title:</b>

<%=h @post.title %>

</p>

I will see something like this:

--- !ruby/object:Post

attributes:

updated_at: 2008-09-05

body:..

title: Rails debuging guide

1.2 to_yaml

<%= simple_format @post.to_yaml %>

<p>

<b>Title:</b>

<%=h @post.title %>

</p>

The to_yaml method converts the method to YAML format leaving it more readable, and then the simple_format helper is used to render each line as in the console.

--- !ruby/object:Post

attributes:

updated_at: 2008

1.3 inspect

It will print the object value as a string when working with arrays or hashes.

<%= [1,2,3,4,5].inspect %>

<p>

<b>Title:</b>

<%=h @post.title %>

</p>

1.4 Debugging RJS

The flag to enable RJS debugging in your configuration files is config.action_view.debug_rjs:

config.action_view.debug_rjs = true

or set this at any time

ActionView::Base.debug_rjs = true

2. The Logger

Rails maintains a separate log file for each runtime environment.

2.1 What is the Logger?

In evnrionment.rb

Rails.logger = Logger.new(STDOUT)

Rails.logger = Log4r::Logger.new("Application Log")

By default, each log is created under Rails.root/log/ and the log file name is environment_name.log.

2.2 Log Levels

If you want to know the current log level you can call the Rails.logger.level method.

The available log levels are: :debug, :info, :warn, :error, and :fatal. To change the default log level, use

config.log_level = Logger::WARN #In any environment initializer, or

Rails.logger.level = 0 #at any time

2.3 Sending Messages

To write message in logger.

logger.debug "Person attributes hash: #{@person.attributes.inspect}"

logger.info "Processing the request..."

logger.fatal "terminating application!!!"

3 Debugging with ruby-debug

3.1 Setup

>gem install ruby-debug

error messages:

ERROR: Error installing ruby-debug:

rbx-require-relative requires Ruby version ~> 1.8.7.

solutions:

>gem install ruby-debug19

add this to Gemfile

ruby-debug19

Inside any Rails application you can invoke the debugger by calling the debugger method. For example:

class PeopleController < ApplicationController

def new

debugger

@person = Person.new

end

end

if you see the message like this:

***** Debugger requested, but was not available: Start server with --debugger to enable *****

That is not right, you need to start your application like this:

>rails server --debugger

3.2 The Shell

(rdb:7) help ---- show the help information

(rdb:7) list ------- list where we are about the codes

(rdb:7) l ----------- list the below lines in the codes

3.3 The Context

3.4 Threads

3.5 Inspecting Variables

Any expression can be evaluated in the current context. To evaluate an expression, just type it!

@posts = Post.find(:all)

(rdb:11) instance_variables

>(rdb:11) instance_variables.include? "@posts"

>(rdb:1) display @recent_comments

3.6 Step by Step

The difference between next and step is that step stops at the next line of code executed, doing just a single step, while next moves to the next line without descending inside methods. For example:

class Author < ActiveRecord::Base

has_one :editorial

has_many :comments

def find_recent_comments(limit = 10)

debugger

@recent_comments ||= comments.find(

:all,

:conditions => [ "created_at > ?", 1.week.ago],

:limit => limit

)

end

end

>rails console

>> require "ruby-debug"

>> (rdb:1) list

>> (rdb:1) var instance

>> (rdb:1) next

3.7 Breakpoints

3.8 Catching Exceptions

3.9 Resuming Excecution

3.10 Editing

3.11 Quitting

3.12 Settings

4 Debugging Memory Leaks

4.1 BleakHouse

BleakHouse is a library for finding memory leaks.

>gem install bleak_house

error messages:

ERROR: Error installing bleak_house:

ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

d:/tool/Ruby192/bin/ruby.exe extconf.rb

-%{ BUILDING RUBY }%-

build_ruby.rb:33:in `chdir': No such file or directory - /tmp/ (Errno::ENOENT)

from build_ruby.rb:33:in `<main>'

solutions:

do not try to install this on win7, try on redhat or ubuntu.

To setup my applicatiion for profiling, add the following at the bottom of config/environment.rb

require 'bleak_house' if ENV['BLEAK_HOUSE']

start server like this:

>RAILS_ENV=production BLEAK_HOUSE=1 ruby-bleak-house rails server

Make sure to run a couple hundred requests to get better data samples. Press CTRL-C and the bleak house will produce a dumpfile in /tmp:

4.2 Valgrind

Valgrind is a Linux-only application for detecting C-based memory leaks and race conditions.

5 Plugins for Debugging

references:

http://guides.rubyonrails.org/debugging_rails_applications.html

http://www.tatvartha.com/2011/08/upgrading-to-ruby-1-9-rbx-require-relative-requires-ruby-version-1-8-7/