Linux下oracle11g静默安装

1. 创建用户和用户组

[[email protected] ~]# groupadd oinstall

[[email protected] ~]# groupadd dba

[[email protected] ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

[[email protected] ~]# passwd oracle

Changing password for user oracle.

New UNIX password:

BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
           

2. 创建oracle安装所需要的目录

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /u01

[[email protected] ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01

[[email protected] ~]# ls -l / |grep u01

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Jul 31 09:40 u01
           

3. 配置oracle用户的环境变量，并利用环境变量创建安装所需要的目录

[[email protected] ~]# su - oracle

[[email protected] ~]$ vi .bash_profile

[[email protected] ~]$ . .bash_profile

[[email protected] ~]$ more .bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

export PATH

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=sky

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

[[email protected] ~]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_HOME

[[email protected] ~]$ tree /u01

/u01

`-- app

`-- oracle

`-- product

`-- 11.2.0

`-- db_1

5 directories, 0 files

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /u01/oraData

[[email protected] ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/oraData

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /u01/oraInventory

[[email protected] ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/oraInventory
           

4. vi /etc/sysctl.conf （root用户）

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 536870912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

使用root执行以下命令，使修改生效

sysctl -p

[[email protected] ~]# sysctl -p

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

kernel.sysrq = 0

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

kernel.msgmnb = 65536

kernel.msgmax = 65536

kernel.shmmax = 4294967295

kernel.shmall = 268435456

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 536870912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

           

5. /etc/security/limits.conf （root用户）

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack 10240
           

6. /etc/pam.d/login （root用户）

session required pam_limits.so
           

7. /etc/profile （root用户）

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

umask 022

fi
           

8. 使用vmware共享目录的功能，挂载linux安装镜像到/mnt/iso目录

    (1) 创建yum的配置文件

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mysky.repo

[dvdinfo]

name=mysky

baseurl=file:///mnt/iso/Server

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0
           

    (2) 创建yum的元数据

yum makecache

[[email protected] ~]# yum makecache

Loaded plugins: security

dvdinfo | 1.1 kB 00:00

dvdinfo/filelists | 2.3 MB 00:00

dvdinfo/other | 7.0 MB 00:00

dvdinfo/group | 1.0 MB 00:00

dvdinfo/primary | 795 kB 00:00

dvdinfo 2278/2278

dvdinfo 2278/2278

dvdinfo 2278/2278

Metadata Cache Created
           

    (3) 检查系统中是否已经安装了Oracle安装和运行所需要的软件包

rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n' binutils \

compat-libstdc++-33 \

elfutils-libelf \

elfutils-libelf-devel \

gcc \

gcc-c++ \

glibc \

glibc-common \

glibc-devel \

glibc-headers \

ksh \

libaio \

libaio-devel \

libXp \

libXp-devel \

libgcc \

libstdc++ \

libstdc++-devel \

make \

sysstat \

unixODBC \

unixODBC-devel

执行的结果如下：

[[email protected] ~]# rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n' binutils \

> compat-libstdc++-33 \

> elfutils-libelf \

> elfutils-libelf-devel \

> gcc \

> gcc-c++ \

> glibc \

> glibc-common \

> glibc-devel \

> glibc-headers \

> ksh \

> libaio \

> libaio-devel \

> libXp \

> libXp-devel \

> libgcc \

> libstdc++ \

> libstdc++-devel \

> make \

> sysstat \

> unixODBC \

> unixODBC-devel

binutils-2.17.50.0.6-12.el5 (i386)

compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61 (i386)

elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5 (i386)

elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5 (i386)

gcc-4.1.2-46.el5 (i386)

gcc-c++-4.1.2-46.el5 (i386)

glibc-2.5-42 (i686)

glibc-common-2.5-42 (i386)

glibc-devel-2.5-42 (i386)

glibc-headers-2.5-42 (i386)

ksh-20080202-14.el5 (i386)

libaio-0.3.106-3.2 (i386)

package libaio-devel is not installed

package libXplibXp-devellibgcc is not installed

libstdc++-4.1.2-46.el5 (i386)

libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-46.el5 (i386)

make-3.81-3.el5 (i386)

package sysstat is not installed

package unixODBC is not installed

package unixODBC-devel is not installed
           

(4) 使用YUM安装Oracle安装和运行所需要的软件包

yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio libaiodevel libXp libXp-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel
           

9. 创建静默安装的rsp响应文件

    (1)进入oracle用户下创建响应文件目录/home/oracle/database/response

    (2)创建响应文件db_install.rsp

[[email protected] response]$ more db_install.rsp

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0

oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.0,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.options:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0

oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.emailAddress=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.SMTPServer=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=

oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=

oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=hostname

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE

oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=sky

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=sky

oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle

MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=

MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=

SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=

DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

PROXY_HOST=

PROXY_PORT=

PROXY_USER=

PROXY_PWD=
           

10.执行静默安装命令安装oracle软件

    (1)进入解压好的oracle目录下

[[email protected] ~]$ cd /u02/database11g/

[[email protected] database11g]$ ls

doc install response rpm runInstaller sshsetup stage welcome.html
           

    (2)执行静默安装命令

[[email protected] database11g]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...



Checking Temp space: must be greater than 80 MB. Actual 9632 MB Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4031 MB Passed

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2019-10-09_03-29-24PM. Please wait ...[[email protected] database11g]$ You can find the log of this install session at:

/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2019-10-09_03-29-24PM.log



[[email protected] database11g]$ The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.

#!/bin/sh

#Root scripts to run



/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

To execute the configuration scripts:

1. Open a terminal window

2. Log in as "root"

3. Run the scripts

4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue



Successfully Setup Software.



[[email protected] database11g]$
           

    (3)打开一个新终端，在root用户下执行提示脚本

[[email protected] ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.

Adding read,write permissions for group.

Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.



Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.

The execution of the script is complete.

[[email protected] ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

Check /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/install/root_sky_2019-10-09_15-35-42.log for the output of root script

[[email protected] ~]#
           

11. 执行静默安装命令创建数据库

[[email protected] ~]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc -gdbName sky -sid sky -sysPassword o -systemPassword oracle -datafileDestination /u02/oradata -characterSet UTF8 -automaticMemoryManagement true

Copying database files

1% complete

3% complete

11% complete

18% complete

26% complete

37% complete

Creating and starting Oracle instance

40% complete

45% complete

50% complete

55% complete

56% complete

60% complete

62% complete

Completing Database Creation

66% complete

70% complete

73% complete

85% complete

96% complete

100% complete

Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/sky/sky.log" for further details.

[[email protected] ~]$