特约作者：刘萍萍| 注册营养师
审稿专家：左小霞| 解放军总医院第八医学中心营养科主任
参考文献：
[1]中华预防医学会, 中华预防医学会心脏病预防与控制专业委员会, 中华医学会糖尿病学分会,等. 中国健康生活方式预防心血管代谢疾病指南[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2020, 54(03):256-277.
[2]姜莹莹, 徐晓慧, 徐婷玲, 等. 中国人群饮酒疾病负担及应对措施 [J] . 中华预防医学杂志,2020,54 (07): 731-736.
[3]JüRGEN REHM, BENJAMIN TAYLOR, SATYA MOHAPATRA, et al.Alcohol as a risk factor for liver cirrhosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].,2010:437-445.
[4] Millwood I Y , Walters R G , Mei X W , et al. Conventional and genetic evidence on alcohol and vascular disease aetiology: a prospective study of 500 000 men and women in China[J]. Lancet, 2019.
[5]National Cancer Institute. Alcohol and Cancer Risk.https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/alcohol/alcohol-fact-sheet, September 13, 2018
[6]Wang M , Jiang X , Wu W , et al. A meta-analysis of alcohol consumption and the risk of gout[J]. Clinical Rheumatology, 2013, 32(11):1641-1648.
[7]GBD 2016 Alcohol Collaborators. Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and teritories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016[J]. Lancet, 2018.23:1015-1035.
[8]中国营养学会编著.食物与健康—科学证据共识（2016）[M]. 人民卫生出版社，2016.
[9]Wood AM, Kaptoge S, Butterworth AS, et al.Risk thresholds for alcohol consumption: combined analysis of individual-participant data for 599912 current drinkers in 83 prospective studies[J]. Lancet, 2018, 391(10129):1513-1523.
[10]中国营养学会.《中国居民膳食指南》（2016版）[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社,2016.
[11]C. Roberts, S.P. Robinson.Alcohol concentration and carbonation of drinks: The effect on blood alcohol levels[J].,2007:398-405.
[12]centers for disease control and prevention (cdc)
.Fact Sheets - Alcohol and Caffeine.https://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/fact-sheets/caffeine-and-alcohol.htm
*本文内容为健康知识科普，不能作为具体的诊疗建议使用，亦不能替代执业医师面诊，仅供参考。
*本文版权归腾讯医典所有，未经授权禁止媒体转载，违规转载将依法追究法律责任。欢迎个人转发至朋友圈。