开源项目推荐：CNC+CRC/SoftPLC/OpenCASCADE/CAD/CAM（二）

CAD

1、QCAD

https://www.qcad.org/en/ https://github.com/qcad/qcad https://qcad.org/en/90-dxflib -- dxflib主页，配套开源库 https://github.com/mcneel/opennurbs -- 配套开源库 https://www.ribbonsoft.com/doc/qcad/latest/developer/ https://www.ribbonsoft.com/doc/qcad/2.2/reference/zh_CN/ 最早的版本v2.0.5： https://sourceforge.net/projects/qcadbin-win/

QCAD v2.2.2.1 最后一个v2.x系列的版本

QCAD v3.0.9.0 从v3.x开始使用ECMA Script interface

qcad的dxf读取在\src\io\dxf\RDxfImporter.cpp
void RDxfImporter::endEntity()
{
    QSharedPointer<RSplineEntity> entity(new RSplineEntity(document, RSplineData(spline)));
    importEntity(entity);
}
 
qcad的样条曲线的绘图在/src/core/RPainterPath.cpp
void RPainterPath::addSpline(const RSpline& spline) {
    int degree = spline.getDegree();
    if (degree<=3) {
        moveTo(spline.getStartPoint());
    }
 
    QList<RSpline> list = spline.getBezierSegments();
 
    for (int i=0; i<list.count(); i++) {
        QList<RVector> cps = list[i].getControlPoints();
        // very rare splines of degree >= 4:
        if ((cps.size()>=5 && degree==cps.size()-1)) {
            QList<QSharedPointer<RShape> > segments = spline.getExploded(16);
            for (int k=0; k<segments.length(); k++) {
                QSharedPointer<RLine> l = segments[k].dynamicCast<RLine>();
                if (k==0) {
                    moveTo(l->getStartPoint());
                }
                lineTo(l->getEndPoint());
            }
        }
        else if (cps.size()==4 && degree==3) {
            cubicTo(cps[1], cps[2], cps[3]);
        }
        else if (cps.size()==3 && degree==2) {
            quadTo(cps[1], cps[2]);
        }
        else if (cps.size()==2 && degree==1) {
            lineTo(cps[1]);
        }
        else {
            qWarning() << "RPainterPath::addSpline: invalid bezier segment: " << list[i];
            continue;
        }
    }
}
 
//\src\core\RPainterPath.h
void quadTo(qreal ctrlPtx, qreal ctrlPty, qreal endPtx, qreal endPty) {
    QPainterPath::quadTo(ctrlPtx, ctrlPty, endPtx, endPty);
}
 
void cubicTo(qreal ctrlPt1x, qreal ctrlPt1y, qreal ctrlPt2x, qreal ctrlPt2y, qreal endPtx, qreal endPty) {
    QPainterPath::cubicTo(ctrlPt1x, ctrlPt1y, ctrlPt2x, ctrlPt2y, endPtx, endPty);
}
 
//QPainterPath源码来自Qt官方\Qt\Qt5.12.7\5.12.7\Src\qtbase\src\gui\painting
 
//cubicTo和quadTo都是用来实现贝塞尔曲线的，那有什么不一样呢？
官方是这么说的：
Same as cubicTo, but the coordinates are considered relative to the current point on this contour.
说白了，就是多了一个控制点而已。
//https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qpainterpath.html
//https://qtdebug.com/qt-smooth-curve/

2、LibreCAD

LibreCAD 是一款开源免费的 2D CAD 制图软件，原名为 CADuntu 。它是基于社区版本 QCad 构建，并利用 Qt4 进行了重构，原生支持 Mac OSX, Windows 和 Linux 。它提供了基于 GPL 协议的读取/修改/创建 CAD 文件 (.dxf ) 方案。

LibreCAD最早源自QCad的老版本，v2.0.5，using mingw-5.1.4 and qt-3.3.x-p8.

https://librecad.org/ https://github.com/LibreCAD https://sourceforge.net/projects/librecad/

LibreCAD v1.0.4 最后一个v1.x系列的版本

LibreCAD v2.0.0alpha2 开始使用c++ boost库

3、KiCAD EDA

A Cross Platform and Open Source Electronics Design Automation Suite

https://www.kicad-pcb.org/ https://gitlab.com/kicad/code/kicad

https://www.wxwidgets.org/

界面不是用Qt写的，而是wxWidgets

https://github.com/KiCad/kicad-source-mirror https://gitlab.com/kicad/code/kicad/-/tree/master/thirdparty/tinyspline_lib

改版的tinyspline，可以和QCAD的dxflib配套

https://github.com/msteinbeck/tinyspline

原版的tinyspline

https://gitlab.com/kicad/code/kicad/-/tree/master/thirdparty/dxflib_qcad

改版的dxflib

原版的dxflib

请重点关注

https://gitlab.com/kicad/code/kicad/-/blob/master/pcbnew/import_gfx/dxf_import_plugin.cpp

，它用dxflib库解析dxf文件

\pcbnew\import_gfx\dxf_import_plugin.cpp
#include "tinyspline_lib/tinysplinecpp.h"
 
void DXF_IMPORT_PLUGIN::insertSpline( int aWidth )
{
    unsigned imax = m_curr_entity.m_SplineControlPointList.size();
    if( imax < 2 )  // malformed spline
        return;
 
    // Use bezier curves, supported by pcbnew, to approximate the spline
    tinyspline::BSpline dxfspline( m_curr_entity.m_SplineControlPointList.size(),
                                   /* coord dim */ 2, m_curr_entity.m_SplineDegree );
    std::vector<double> ctrlp;
 
    for( unsigned ii = 0; ii < imax; ++ii )
    {
        ctrlp.push_back( m_curr_entity.m_SplineControlPointList[ii].m_x );
        ctrlp.push_back( m_curr_entity.m_SplineControlPointList[ii].m_y );
    }
 
    dxfspline.setCtrlp( ctrlp );
    dxfspline.setKnots( m_curr_entity.m_SplineKnotsList );
    tinyspline::BSpline beziers( dxfspline.toBeziers() );
 
    std::vector<double> coords = beziers.ctrlp();
 
    // Each Bezier curve uses 4 vertices (a start point, 2 control points and a end point).
    // So we can have more than one Bezier curve ( there are one curve each four vertices)
    for( unsigned ii = 0; ii < coords.size(); ii += 8 )
    {
        VECTOR2D start( mapX( coords[ii] ), mapY( coords[ii+1] ) );
        VECTOR2D bezierControl1( mapX( coords[ii+2] ), mapY( coords[ii+3] ) );
        VECTOR2D bezierControl2( mapX( coords[ii+4] ), mapY( coords[ii+5] ) );
        VECTOR2D end( mapX( coords[ii+6] ), mapY( coords[ii+7] ) );
        m_internalImporter.AddSpline( start, bezierControl1, bezierControl2, end , aWidth );
    }
}
 
\pcbnew\import_gfx\graphics_importer_buffer.h
void ImportTo( GRAPHICS_IMPORTER& aImporter ) const override
{
    aImporter.AddSpline( m_start, m_bezierControl1, m_bezierControl2, m_end, m_width );
}
 
\pcbnew\import_gfx\graphics_importer_pcbnew.cpp
void GRAPHICS_IMPORTER_PCBNEW::AddSpline( const VECTOR2D& aStart, const VECTOR2D& BezierControl1,
                const VECTOR2D& BezierControl2, const VECTOR2D& aEnd, double aWidth )
{
    unique_ptr<DRAWSEGMENT> spline( createDrawing() );
    spline->SetShape( S_CURVE );
    spline->SetLayer( GetLayer() );
    spline->SetWidth( MapLineWidth( aWidth ) );
    spline->SetStart( MapCoordinate( aStart ) );
    spline->SetBezControl1( MapCoordinate( BezierControl1 ) );
    spline->SetBezControl2( MapCoordinate( BezierControl2 ) );
    spline->SetEnd( MapCoordinate( aEnd ) );
    spline->RebuildBezierToSegmentsPointsList( aWidth );
 
    if( spline->Type() == PCB_MODULE_EDGE_T )
        static_cast<EDGE_MODULE*>( spline.get() )->SetLocalCoord();
 
    addItem( std::move( spline ) );
}
 
\pcbnew\class_drawsegment.cpp
void DRAWSEGMENT::RebuildBezierToSegmentsPointsList( int aMinSegLen )
{
    // Has meaning only for S_CURVE DRAW_SEGMENT shape
    if( m_Shape != S_CURVE )
    {
        m_BezierPoints.clear();
        return;
    }
    // Rebuild the m_BezierPoints vertex list that approximate the Bezier curve
    std::vector<wxPoint> ctrlPoints = { m_Start, m_BezierC1, m_BezierC2, m_End };
    BEZIER_POLY converter( ctrlPoints );
    converter.GetPoly( m_BezierPoints, aMinSegLen );
}
 
\common\bezier_curves.cpp
void BEZIER_POLY::GetPoly( std::vector<wxPoint>& aOutput, int aMinSegLen )
{
}

4、BRL-CAD

BRL-CAD 是一个构造实体几何(CSG) 实体模型计算机辅助设计(CAD) 系统。

https://sourceforge.net/projects/brlcad/ https://brlcad.org

5、openscad

https://github.com/openscad/openscad http://www.openscad.org/

OpenSCAD是一个创建立体3D CAD物体的得力软件

6、RapCAD

https://github.com/GilesBathgate/RapCAD

7、AnyCAD 国产软件

http://www.anycad.net/ https://github.com/anycad

8、Vero WorkNC

CNC刀路设计软件。WorkNC是vero worknc系列软件的新版本，软件具有多种自动刀具路径类型，可以满足用户的各种需求，包括粗加工、精加工、优化加工、清根加工、外形轮廓加工、曲线加工及钻孔等，可以实现全局粗加工刀具路径通过允许微小刀柄近似来访问更难的区域。