使用Word宏替换Header、Footer等中的文本

When the Find or Replace utility on the Edit menu is used, it will find or replace text no matter where it appears in the document.  If you record that action however, it will only act on the text in the body of the document and it will have no effect on text that is in the headers or footers of the document, for example, or in a textbox, footnotes, or any other area that is outside the main body of the document.

To use a macro to find or replace text no matter where it is located in the document, it is necessary to loop through each of the StoryRanges in the document.

There are 11 different types of stories that can be part of a document, corresponding to the following WdStoryType constants: 

wdCommentsStory, wdEndnotesStory, wdEvenPagesFooterStory, wdEvenPagesHeaderStory, wdFirstPageFooterStory, wdFirstPageHeaderStory, wdFootnotesStory, wdMainTextStory, wdPrimaryFooterStory, wdPrimaryHeaderStory, and wdTextFrameStory.

The following code will loop through the first story for each story type in the document, replacing all instances of the text that is to be replaced in the <b>first</b> story of each type:

Sub FindAndReplaceFirstStoryOfEachType()

Dim myStoryRange As Range

For Each myStoryRange In ActiveDocument.StoryRanges

    With myStoryRange.Find

        .Text = "findme"

        .Replacement.Text = ""

        .Wrap = wdFindContinue

        .Execute Replace:=wdReplaceAll

    End With

Next myStoryRange

End Sub

(Note for those already familiar with VBA: whereas if you use Selection.Find, you have to specify all of the Find and Replace parameters, such as .Forward = True, because the settings are otherwise taken from the Find and Replace dialog's current settings, which are “sticky”, this is not necessary if using [Range].Find – where the parameters use their default values if you don't specify their values in your code).

As mentioned previously, the above code will only act upon the <b>first</b> story for each story type in the document. (The first Header, the first Text Box, and so on). If your document contains sections with un-linked headers and footers in them, or, for example, contains more than one Text Box, the code will not act upon the second and subsequent occurrences of each type of story. So to make sure that the code does act on each occurrence of the text, no matter where it appears, you have to make use of the NextStoryRange method as in the following code:

Sub FindAndReplaceAllStoriesHopefully()

    Do While Not (myStoryRange.NextStoryRange Is Nothing)

        Set myStoryRange = myStoryRange.NextStoryRange

        With myStoryRange.Find

            .Text = "findme"

            .Replacement.Text = ""

            .Wrap = wdFindContinue

            .Execute Replace:=wdReplaceAll

        End With

    Loop

<b>Some Headers can get missed out</b>

One workaround for this is to design all your templates such that none of the Headers are blank – insert a space in any blank Headers. If doing so alters the layout of that section, apply a different style in that Header, so that it doesn't. There is really no other satisfactory workaround, for reasons that will be discussed in a separate article shortly.

<b>Speed of the macro</b>

Another problem with the above code is that it can be very slow if the document is large, or if it contains a large number of story ranges. This is especially a problem in Word 97. In Word 97, using Selection.Find is much faster than using [Range].Find. So you can speed up the above code up very significantly, in Word 97, by using the following instead:

Sub FasterFindAndReplaceAllStoriesHopefully()

'First search the main document using the Selection

 With Selection.Find

    .Text = "findme"

    .Replacement.Text = ""

    .Forward = True

    .Wrap = wdFindContinue

    .Format = False

    .MatchCase = False

    .MatchWholeWord = False

    .MatchWildcards = False

    .MatchSoundsLike = False

    .MatchAllWordForms = False

    .Execute Replace:=wdReplaceAll

 End With

'Now search all other stories using Ranges

   If myStoryRange.StoryType &lt;&gt; wdMainTextStory Then

        Do While Not (myStoryRange.NextStoryRange Is Nothing)

           Set myStoryRange = myStoryRange.NextStoryRange

            With myStoryRange.Find

                .Text = "findme"

                .Replacement.Text = ""

                .Wrap = wdFindContinue

                .Execute Replace:=wdReplaceAll

            End With

        Loop

    End If

If you want your code to be <b>as</b> fast as doing a replace via the user interface, and/or if you want it to be completely immune to the “headers get missed out if the first header is blank” bug, the only solution is to call Word's Find and Replace dialog directly, by executing the menu button (using Word's Dialogs collection doesn't help); and using the SendKeys command to execute it. You can set the dialog's settings the way you want them by using the a With Selection.Find ... End With construct, with no .Execute command, before you execute the menu button. You would need to include DoEvents in your code to allow the command to complete it's search.

But using SendKeys is notoriously flaky, and especially so in this case, because the Find and Replace dialog is modeless; so this is usually <b>not</b> a good method. It is mentioned here for the sake of completeness.

本文转自 h2appy  51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/h2appy/235004，如需转载请自行联系原作者