LNMP环境的搭建安装

下面是我以前搭建LINUX LNMP环境所做的操作，共享和大家分享下，有什么不足之处情不吝赐教。

一、安装依赖包#########################

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers gd gd-devel pcre pcre-devel

二、安装包的准备,其中mysql为mysql-5.0.56.tar.gz，需要自己下载。################

mkdir -p /data0/software

cd /data0/software

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/nginx/nginx-0.7.51.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/php/php-5.2.8.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/phpfpm/php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2.2.5.tgz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-7.8.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pdo/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/imagick-2.2.2.tgz

三、安装PHP 5.2.8（FastCGI模式）

1、编译安装PHP 5.2.8所需的支持库：###############################################

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.13/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

./configure

/sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/

./configure --enable-ltdl-install

cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9.9/

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.8/

2、编译安装mysql-5.0.56.tar.gz################################################

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql

/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql

tar zxvf mysql-5.0.56.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.0.56

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=innobase

make && make install

cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install --user=mysql

chown -R root /usr/local/webserver/mysql

chown -R mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql/var

3、编译安装PHP（FastCGI模式）############################################

tar zxvf php-5.2.8.tar.gz

gzip -cd php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.8 -p1

cd php-5.2.8/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

cp php.ini-dist /etc/php.ini

4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块 ############################################

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz

cd memcache-2.2.5/

/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2

cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/

./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz

cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/

tar zxvf imagick-2.2.2.tgz

cd imagick-2.2.2/

5、修改php.ini文件

sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"\nextension = "memcache.so"\nextension = "pdo_mysql.so"\nextension = "imagick.so"\n#' /etc/php.ini

sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#' /etc/php.ini

6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP：!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache

vi /etc/php.ini

按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：

[eaccelerator]

zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"

eaccelerator.shm_size="128"

eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache"

eaccelerator.enable="1"

eaccelerator.optimizer="1"

eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"

eaccelerator.debug="0"

eaccelerator.filter=""

eaccelerator.shm_max="0"

eaccelerator.shm_ttl="300"

eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="120"

eaccelerator.shm_only="0"

eaccelerator.compress="1"

eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

修改配置文件：

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

...

kernel.shmmax = 134217728

/sbin/sysctl -p

7、创建www用户和组

/usr/sbin/groupadd www

/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

mkdir -p /data0/web/www1

chmod +w /data0/web/www1

chown -R www:www /data0/web/www1

mkdir -p /data0/web/www2

chmod +w /data0/web/www2

chown -R www:www /data0/web/www2

8、创建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi）：

在/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件：

rm -f /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

...........

<?xml version="1.0" ?>

All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

Pid file

<value name="pid_file">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>

Error log file

<value name="error_log">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>

Log level

<value name="log_level">notice</value>

When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...

... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.

Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.

Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master

Set to 'no' to debug fpm

</section>

Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.

<value name="name">default</value>

Address to accept fastcgi requests on.

Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'

Set listen(2) backlog

Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.

In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.

Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.

</value>

Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.

<value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>

Unix user of processes

Unix group of processes

Process manager settings

Sets style of controling worker process count.

Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'

<value name="style">static</value>

Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.

Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.

Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi

Used with any pm_style.

Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style

Sets the number of server processes created on startup.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.

Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.

</value>

The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated

Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason

'0s' means 'off'

The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file

The log file for slow requests

Set open file desc rlimit

Set max core size rlimit

Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path

Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path

Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.

If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs

How much requests each process should execute before respawn.

Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.

For endless request processing please specify 0

Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS

Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.

Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)

Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.

Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH

All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment

<value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>

<value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>

<value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>

<value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>

</section>

</workers>

</configuration>

9、启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，进程数为200（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程），用户为www：

ulimit -SHn 51200

/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start

四、安装Nginx 0.7.51

1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库：

tar zxvf pcre-7.8.tar.gz

cd pcre-7.8/

2、安装Nginx

tar zxvf nginx-0.7.51.tar.gz

cd nginx-0.7.51/

./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

3、创建Nginx日志目录

mkdir -p /data1/logs

chmod +w /data1/logs

chown -R www:www /data1/logs

rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

.............

user www www;

worker_processes 8;

error_log /data1/logs/nginx_error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.

worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events

{

use epoll;

worker_connections 51200;

}

http

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

#charset gb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

client_header_buffer_size 32k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers 4 16k;

gzip_http_version 1.0;

gzip_comp_level 2;

gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

gzip_vary on;

#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

include vhost/host.conf ;

..................

在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件

vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf

fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;

fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;

fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;

fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;

fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;

fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;

fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;

fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;

fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;

fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;

fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;

fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect

fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;

..........

五、启动Nginx

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

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