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puppet常用资源类型与使用方法

通用

1、puppet describe -l 查看puppet支持的资源类型

puppet describe typename 查看某个资源类型的Parameters,Providers--详细

puppet describe -s typename -m 查看某个资源的参数等--简单

2、puppet apply [-d|--debug] [-v|--verbose] [-e|--execute] [--noop] <file>

puppet help apply 查看帮助

puppet apply -v 查看详情

-d 调试模式

-l 保存在指定文件中

--noop 干跑,不执行

一、group:

1、Manage groups

属性:

name:组名;

gid:GID;

system:是否为系统组,true OR false;

ensure:目标状态,present/absent;

members:成员用户;

2、例子:创建组

(1) vim group.pp

group{'mygrp':

ensure => present

}

(2)执行

puppet apply -v --noop group.pp 先看看是否有错

puppet apply -v group.pp 真正执行

二、user

1、Manage users.

name:用户名;

uid: UID;

gid:基本组ID;

groups:附加组,不能包含基本组;

comment:注释;

expiry:过期时间 ;

home:家目录;

shell:默认shell类型;

system:是否为系统用户 ;

ensure:present/absent;

password:加密后的密码串;

2、例子:创建用户

(1)用户名为user2,不写name。默认是跟title一直,都是user2

vim user.pp

user{'user2':

ensure => present,

uid => 1021,

groups => 'redhat',

puppet apply -v --noop user.pp

puppet apply -v user.pp

三、package

1、Manage packages.

ensure:installed, present, latest, absent, any version string (implies present)

name:包名;

source:程序包来源,仅对不会自动下载相关程序包的provider有用,例如rpm或dpkg;

provider:指明安装方式;

2、例子:安装包

安装memcached包

package{'memcached':

ensure => installed,

四、service

1、Manage running services.

ensure:Whether a service should be running. Valid values are

stopped

(also called

false

),

running

true

)

enable:Whether a service should be enabled to start at boot. 开机启动Valid values are

true

,

false

manual

.

name:

path:The search path for finding init scripts. Multiple values should be separated by colons or provided as an array. 脚本的搜索路径,默认为/etc/init.d/;

hasrestart:true |false false :init 脚本中的restart命令将不能用,使用stop ,start,默认false

hasstatus:true|false stasus 命令是否使用

start:手动定义启动命令;

stop:

status:

restart:Specify a restart command manually. If left unspecified, the service will be stopped and then started. 通常用于定义reload操作;

2、例子:安装包并启动服务

service{'memcached':

ensure => running,

enable => false,

五、file

1、Manages files, including their content, ownership, and permissions. 管理文件,包括它们的内容、所有权和权限。

ensure:Whether the file should exist, and if so what kind of file it should be. Possible values are

present

absent

file

directory

, and

link

file:类型为普通文件,其内容由content属性生成或复制由source属性指向的文件路径来创建;

link:类型为符号链接文件,必须由target属性指明其链接的目标文件;

directory:类型为目录,可通过source指向的路径复制生成,recurse属性指明是否递归复制;

path:文件路径;

source:源文件;

content:文件内容;

target:符号链接的目标文件;

owner:属主

group:属组

mode:权限;

atime/ctime/mtime:时间戳;

2、例子

(1)例子1:将'/root/manifects/files/redis.conf 的文件复制到/tmp/redis.conf

file{'/tmp/redis.conf':

ensure => file,

source => '/root/manifects/files/redis.conf',

(2)例子2:基于内容复制

将hello

hi 内容给/tmp/test.txt

file{'/tmp/test.txt':

content => "hello\nhi\n",

六、exec

1、Executes external commands. Any command in an

exec

resource must be able to run multiple times without causing harm --- that is, it must be idempotent.

七、cron

八、notify

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