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新瓶旧酒ASP.NET AJAX(9) - 客户端脚本编程(Sys.Net命名空间下的WebServiceProxy)

<a href="http://webabcd.blog.51cto.com/1787395/344663" target="_blank">[索引页]</a>

<a href="http://down.51cto.com/data/100916" target="_blank">[源码下载]</a>

新瓶旧酒ASP.NET AJAX(9) - 客户端脚本编程(Sys.Net命名空间下的WebServiceProxy、WebServiceError、Generated Proxy Classes以及调用WebService、PageMethod)

介绍

使用ASP.NET AJAX调用WebService(简单类型和复杂对象、JSON和XML)和PageMethod。Sys.Net命名空间下的WebServiceProxy Class、WebServiceError Class、Generated Proxy Classes

关键

1、调用WebService

    ·为WebService类或需要暴露给客户端的WebService方法添加[System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]属性

    ·为WebService类中需要暴露给客户端使用的方法添加[System.Web.Services.WebMethod]属性

    ·在ScriptManager控件的Services集合中添加对该WebService的引用

    ·客户端调用方法:[NameSpace].[ClassName].[MethodName](param1, param2, ..., succeededCallback, failedCallback, userContext)

    ·如果用GET方式的话,则在WebService方法添加[System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptMethod(UseHttpGet = true)]属性

    ·用到了复杂类型的话,则在WebService类上添加[System.Web.Script.Services.GenerateScriptType(typeof(TypeName))]属性。另外,该复杂类型必须要有一个无参数的构造函数

    ·禁止将某属性输出到客户端,则在该属性上添加[System.Web.Script.Serialization.ScriptIgnore]属性

    ·以XML方式输出到客户端(一般是JSON),则在WebService方法添加[ScriptMethod(ResponseFormat = ResponseFormat.Xml)]属性。如果要避免ASP.NET AJAX为我们做自动转换,则应该添加[ScriptMethod(ResponseFormat = ResponseFormat.Xml, XmlSerializeString = true)]属性

    ·以XML方式输出到客户端的复杂对象的属性,在属性上添加[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlAttribute]属性(可不写)。若禁止将其输出到客户端,则在属性上添加[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlIgnore]属性。

    ·WebService判断用户是否通过验证 - HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated

    ·WebService使用Session - HttpSessionState session = HttpContext.Current.Session;

2、调用PageMethod

    ·ASP.NET页面中的方法需要时Public和Static的

    ·为该方法添加[System.Web.Services.WebMethod]属性

    ·设置ScriptManager控件的EnablePageMethods="true"

    ·客户端调用方法:PageMethods.[MethodName](param1, param2, ..., callbackFunction);

3、WebServiceProxy Class

    var webRequest = Sys.Net.WebServiceProxy.invoke(path, methodName, useHttpGet, parameters, succeededCallback, failedCallback, userContext, timeout);

    ·path - WebService的url

    ·methodName - 调用的方法名

    ·useHttpGet - 是否使用HTTP GET方式

    ·parameters - 参数(示例:{"param1":196610, "param2":"Hello"})

    ·succeededCallback - 调用成功的回调函数

    ·failedCallback - 调用失败的回调函数

    ·userContext - 用户上下文

    ·timeout - 超时时间

    ·返回值 - 相关的WebRequest对象

4、WebServiceError Class

    ·exceptionType - 服务器端异常的具体类型

    ·message - 详细的异常描述信息

    ·stackTrace - 服务器端异常的堆栈跟踪信息

    ·statusCode - 造成异常的HTTP响应的状态码

    ·timedOut - 异常是否是由于网络连接超时造成的

5、Generated Proxy Classes属性

    ·defaultSucceededCallback - 调用成功的回调函数

    ·defaultFailedCallback - 调用失败的回调函数

    ·defaultUserContext - 用户上下文

    ·path - WebService的路径

6、Generated Proxy Classes(调用Web Service)

    var myServiceProxy = MyNameSpace.MyService();

    myServiceProxy.MyServiceMethod(param1, param2, ..., succeededCallback, failedCallback, userContext);

    ·param - 在前面顺序地写参数

    ·userContext - 调用成功的回调函数

7、Generated Proxy Classes(调用成功的回调函数)

    function succeededCallback(result, userContext, methodName) { }

    ·result - 调用WebService的方法后返回的数据

8、Generated Proxy Classes(调用失败的回调函数)

    function failedCallback(error, userContext, methodName) { }

    ·error - 调用WebService的方法后返回的数据(Sys.Net.WebServiceError对象)

示例

Hello.asmx

&lt;%@ WebService Language="C#" Class="Hello" %&gt; 

using System; 

using System.Web; 

using System.Web.Services; 

using System.Web.Services.Protocols; 

using System.Web.Script.Services; 

[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")] 

[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)] 

[ScriptService] 

public class Hello : System.Web.Services.WebService 

        [WebMethod] 

        // 如果用GET方式的话,[ScriptMethod(UseHttpGet = true)] 

        public string Say(string name) 

        { 

                return String.Format("WebService Hello {0}", name); 

        } 

        public int SayError(int a, int b) 

                return a / b; 

}

Hello.aspx

&lt;%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" Title="WebService、PageMethod、WebServiceError Class" %&gt; 

&lt;%@ Import Namespace="System.Web.Services" %&gt; 

&lt;asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1" runat="Server"&gt; 

        &lt;script runat="Server"&gt; 

                [WebMethod] 

                public static string Say(string name) 

                { 

                        return String.Format("PageMethod Hello {0}", name); 

                } 

        &lt;/script&gt; 

        &lt;asp:ScriptManagerProxy ID="ScriptManagerProxy1" runat="server"&gt; 

                &lt;services&gt; 

                        &lt;asp:ServiceReference Path="Hello.asmx" /&gt; 

                &lt;/services&gt; 

        &lt;/asp:ScriptManagerProxy&gt; 

        &lt;input type="text" id="txtName" value="webabcd" /&gt; 

        &lt;input type="button" id="btnHelloWebService" value="HelloWebService" /&gt; 

        &lt;input type="button" id="btnHelloPageMethod" value="HelloPageMethod" /&gt; 

        &lt;input type="button" id="btnContext" value="HelloContext" /&gt; 

        &lt;input type="button" id="btnHelloError" value="HelloError" /&gt; 

        &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 

        &lt;div id="result" /&gt; 

        &lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; 

                function btnHelloWebService_click()    

                        var name = $get("txtName").value; 

                        Hello.Say(name, onSucceeded); 

                function btnHelloPageMethod_click()    

                        PageMethods.Say(name, onSucceeded); 

                function btnHelloContext_click()    

                        Hello.Say(name, onHelloContextSucceeded, null, jsonContext); 

                function btnHelloError_click()    

                        Hello.SayError(100, 0, onSucceeded, onFailed); 

                function onSucceeded(result)    

                        $get("result").innerHTML = result + "&lt;br /&gt;"; 

                function onHelloContextSucceeded(result, context)    

                        $get("result").innerHTML += context.Name + "&lt;br /&gt;"; 

                        $get("result").innerHTML += context.Age + "&lt;br /&gt;"; 

                function onFailed(error)    

                        // error - Sys.Net.WebServiceError对象 

                        // exceptionType - 服务器端异常的具体类型 

                        $get("result").innerHTML = "Exception Type:" + error.get_exceptionType() + "&lt;br /&gt;"; 

                        // message - 详细的异常描述信息 

                        $get("result").innerHTML += "Message:" + error.get_message() + "&lt;br /&gt;"; 

                        // stackTrace - 服务器端异常的堆栈跟踪信息 

                        $get("result").innerHTML += "Stack Trace:" + error.get_stackTrace() + "&lt;br /&gt;"; 

                        // statusCode - 造成异常的HTTP响应的状态码 

                        $get("result").innerHTML += "Status Code:" + error.get_statusCode() + "&lt;br /&gt;"; 

                        // timedOut - 异常是否是由于网络连接超时造成的 

                        $get("result").innerHTML += "Timed Out:" + error.get_timedOut() + "&lt;br /&gt;"; 

                var jsonContext =    

                        Name: "webabcd", 

                        Age: 27 

                }; 

&lt;/asp:Content&gt;

运行结果

1、单击“HelloWebService”按钮

WebService Hello webabcd

2、单击“HelloPageMethod”按钮

PageMethod Hello webabcd

3、单击“HelloContext”按钮

webabcd

27

4、单击“HelloError”按钮

Exception Type:System.DivideByZeroException

Message:试图除以零。

Stack Trace: 在 Hello.SayError(Int32 a, Int32 b) 位置 c:\Documents and Settings\wanglei\桌面\AJAX\Web\WebService\Hello.asmx:行号 25

Status Code:500

Timed Out:false

Sample.asmx

&lt;%@ WebService Language="C#" Class="Sample" %&gt; 

using System.Collections.Generic; 

using System.Text; 

using System.Data; 

[GenerateScriptType(typeof(Person))] 

public class Sample : System.Web.Services.WebService 

        public string SimpleTypeTest( 

                string stringTest, bool boolTest, int intTest, float floatTest, 

                DateTime datetimeTest, DayOfWeek enumTest) 

                return String.Format("stringTest:{0};boolTest:{1};intTest:{2};floatTest:{3};datetimeTest:{4};enumTest:{5}", 

                        stringTest, boolTest, intTest, floatTest, datetimeTest, enumTest); 

        public Person GetPerson() 

                return new Person("webabcd", 27); 

        public string SetPerson(Person p) 

                return String.Format("Name:{0};Age:{1}", p.Name, p.Age); 

        public List&lt;Person&gt; GetList() 

                List&lt;Person&gt; list = new List&lt;Person&gt;(); 

                for (int i = 0; i &lt; 10; i++) 

                        Person p = new Person(i.ToString().PadLeft(4, '0'), i + 20); 

                        list.Add(p); 

                return list; 

        public string SetList(List&lt;Person&gt; list) 

                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); 

                sb.Append("&lt;table border='1'&gt;"); 

                foreach (Person p in list) 

                        sb.Append("&lt;tr&gt;"); 

                        sb.Append("&lt;td&gt;Name:" + p.Name + "&lt;/td&gt;"); 

                        sb.Append("&lt;td&gt;Age:" + p.Age + "&lt;/td&gt;"); 

                        sb.Append("&lt;/tr&gt;"); 

                sb.Append("&lt;/table&gt;"); 

                return sb.ToString(); 

        public Dictionary&lt;string, Person&gt; GetDictionary() 

                Dictionary&lt;string, Person&gt; dictionary = new Dictionary&lt;string, Person&gt;(); 

                        dictionary.Add(i.ToString(), p); 

                return dictionary; 

        public DataTable GetDataTable() 

                DataTable dt = new DataTable(); 

                dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Name", typeof(string))); 

                dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Age", typeof(int))); 

                        DataRow dr = dt.NewRow(); 

                        dr["Name"] = i.ToString().PadLeft(4, '0'); 

                        dr["Age"] = i + 20; 

                        dt.Rows.Add(dr); 

                return dt; 

        [ScriptMethod(ResponseFormat = ResponseFormat.Xml)] 

        // 避免ASP.NET AJAX为我们做自动转换,[ScriptMethod(ResponseFormat = ResponseFormat.Xml, XmlSerializeString = true)] 

        public List&lt;Person&gt; GetXml() 

                return GetList(); 

Sample.aspx

&lt;%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" Title="WebService(简单类型和复杂对象、JSON和XML)" %&gt; 

                        &lt;asp:ServiceReference Path="Sample.asmx" /&gt; 

        &lt;input type="button" id="btnSimpleTypeTest" value="SimpleTypeTest" /&gt; 

        &lt;input type="button" id="btnGetPerson" value="GetPerson" /&gt; 

        &lt;input type="button" id="btnSetPerson" value="SetPerson" /&gt; 

        &lt;input type="button" id="btnGetList" value="GetList" /&gt; 

        &lt;input type="button" id="btnSetList" value="SetList" /&gt; 

        &lt;input type="button" id="btnGetDictionary" value="GetDictionary" /&gt; 

        &lt;input type="button" id="btnGetDataTable" value="GetDataTable" /&gt; 

        &lt;input type="button" id="btnGetXml" value="GetXml" /&gt; 

        &lt;script type="Text/javascript"&gt; 

                function btnSimpleTypeTest_click()    

                        Sample.SimpleTypeTest("abc", false, 1, 1.1, new Date(), System.DayOfWeek.Sunday, onSimpleTypeTestSucceeded); 

                function onSimpleTypeTestSucceeded(result)    

                function btnGetPerson_click()    

                        Sample.GetPerson(onGetPersonSucceeded); 

                function onGetPersonSucceeded(result)    

                        $get("result").innerHTML = String.format("Name:{0};Age:{1}&lt;br /&gt;", result.Name, result.Age); 

                function btnSetPerson_click()    

                        // var p = new Object(); 

                        var p = new Person(); 

                        p.Name = "webabcd"; 

                        p.Age = 27; 

                        Sample.SetPerson(p, onSetPersonSucceeded); 

                function onSetPersonSucceeded(result) 

                function btnGetList_click()    

                        Sample.GetList(onGetListSucceeded); 

                function onGetListSucceeded(result)    

                        var sb = new Sys.StringBuilder(); 

                        sb.append("&lt;table border='1'&gt;"); 

                        for (var i=0; i&lt;result.length; i++) 

                        { 

                                sb.append("&lt;tr&gt;"); 

                                sb.append("&lt;td&gt;Name:" + result[i].Name + "&lt;/td&gt;"); 

                                sb.append("&lt;td&gt;Age:" + result[i].Age + "&lt;/td&gt;"); 

                                sb.append("&lt;/tr&gt;"); 

                        } 

                        sb.append("&lt;/table&gt;"); 

                        $get("result").innerHTML = sb.toString(); 

                function btnSetList_click()    

                        var ary = new Array(); 

                        for (var i = 0 ; i &lt; 10; i++)    

                                var p = new Person(); 

                                p.Name = i + 1000; 

                                p.Age = i + 20; 

                                Array.add(ary, p); 

                        Sample.SetList(ary, onSetListSucceeded); 

                function onSetListSucceeded(result)    

                        $get("result").innerHTML = result; 

                function btnGetDictionary_click()    

                        Sample.GetDictionary(onGetDictionarySucceeded); 

                function onGetDictionarySucceeded(result)    

                {                 

                        for (var key in result) 

                                var p = result[key]; 

                                sb.append("&lt;td&gt;Name:" + p.Name + "&lt;/td&gt;"); 

                                sb.append("&lt;td&gt;Age:" + p.Age + "&lt;/td&gt;"); 

                function btnGetDataTable_click()    

                        Sample.GetDataTable(onGetDataTableSucceeded); 

                function onGetDataTableSucceeded(result)    

                        for (var i=0; i&lt;result.rows.length; i++) 

                                sb.append("&lt;td&gt;Name:" + result.rows[i].Name + "&lt;/td&gt;"); 

                                sb.append("&lt;td&gt;Age:" + result.rows[i].Age + "&lt;/td&gt;"); 

                function btnGetXml_click() 

                        Sample.GetXml(onGetXmlSucceeded); 

                function onGetXmlSucceeded(result) 

                        if (document.all) 

                                $get("result").innerText = "\r\n" + result.xml; 

                        else 

                                // Firefox 

                                $get("result").textContent = "\r\n首节点:" + result.documentElement.nodeName; 

1、单击“SimpleTypeTest”按钮

stringTest:abc;boolTest:False;intTest:1;floatTest:1.1;datetimeTest:2007-7-5 0:59:35;enumTest:Sunday

2、单击“GetPerson”按钮

Name:webabcd;Age:27

3、单击“SetPerson”按钮

4、单击“GetList”按钮

Name:0000

Age:20

Name:0001

Age:21

Name:0002

Age:22

Name:0003

Age:23

Name:0004

Age:24

Name:0005

Age:25

Name:0006

Age:26

Name:0007

Age:27

Name:0008

Age:28

Name:0009

Age:29

5、单击“SetList”按钮

Name:1000

Name:1001

Name:1002

Name:1003

Name:1004

Name:1005

Name:1006

Name:1007

Name:1008

Name:1009

6、单击“GetDictionary”按钮

7、单击“GetDataTable”按钮

8、单击“GetXml”按钮

&lt;?xml version="1.0"?&gt;

&lt;ArrayOfPerson xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"&gt;

&lt;Person&gt;&lt;Name&gt;0000&lt;/Name&gt;&lt;Age&gt;20&lt;/Age&gt;&lt;/Person&gt;

&lt;Person&gt;&lt;Name&gt;0001&lt;/Name&gt;&lt;Age&gt;21&lt;/Age&gt;&lt;/Person&gt;

&lt;Person&gt;&lt;Name&gt;0002&lt;/Name&gt;&lt;Age&gt;22&lt;/Age&gt;&lt;/Person&gt;

&lt;Person&gt;&lt;Name&gt;0003&lt;/Name&gt;&lt;Age&gt;23&lt;/Age&gt;&lt;/Person&gt;

&lt;Person&gt;&lt;Name&gt;0004&lt;/Name&gt;&lt;Age&gt;24&lt;/Age&gt;&lt;/Person&gt;

&lt;Person&gt;&lt;Name&gt;0005&lt;/Name&gt;&lt;Age&gt;25&lt;/Age&gt;&lt;/Person&gt;

&lt;Person&gt;&lt;Name&gt;0006&lt;/Name&gt;&lt;Age&gt;26&lt;/Age&gt;&lt;/Person&gt;

&lt;Person&gt;&lt;Name&gt;0007&lt;/Name&gt;&lt;Age&gt;27&lt;/Age&gt;&lt;/Person&gt;

&lt;Person&gt;&lt;Name&gt;0008&lt;/Name&gt;&lt;Age&gt;28&lt;/Age&gt;&lt;/Person&gt;

&lt;Person&gt;&lt;Name&gt;0009&lt;/Name&gt;&lt;Age&gt;29&lt;/Age&gt;&lt;/Person&gt;

&lt;/ArrayOfPerson&gt;

GeneratedProxy.aspx

&lt;%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" Title="Generated Proxy Classes" %&gt; 

        &lt;p&gt; 

                调用Web Service 

                &lt;br /&gt; 

                var myServiceProxy = MyNameSpace.MyService(); 

                myServiceProxy.MyServiceMethod(param1, param2, , succeededCallback, failedCallback, 

                userContext); 

        &lt;/p&gt; 

        &lt;ul&gt; 

                &lt;li&gt;param - 在前面顺序地写参数 &lt;/li&gt; 

                &lt;li&gt;succeededCallback - 调用成功的回调函数 &lt;/li&gt; 

                &lt;li&gt;failedCallback - 调用失败的回调函数 &lt;/li&gt; 

                &lt;li&gt;userContext - 调用成功的回调函数 &lt;/li&gt; 

        &lt;/ul&gt; 

                调用成功的回调函数 

                function succeededCallback(result, userContext, methodName) { } 

                &lt;li&gt;result - 调用WebService的方法后返回的数据 &lt;/li&gt; 

                &lt;li&gt;userContext - 用户上下文 &lt;/li&gt; 

                &lt;li&gt;methodName - 调用的方法名 &lt;/li&gt; 

                调用失败的回调函数 

                function failedCallback(error, userContext, methodName) { } 

                &lt;li&gt;error - 调用WebService的方法后返回的数据(Sys.Net.WebServiceError对象) &lt;/li&gt; 

                &lt;input type="text" id="txtName" value="webabcd" /&gt; 

                &lt;input type="button" id="btnHello" value="Hello" /&gt; 

                // defaultSucceededCallback - 调用成功的回调函数 

                Hello.set_defaultSucceededCallback(onSucceeded); 

                // defaultFailedCallback - 调用失败的回调函数 

                Hello.set_defaultFailedCallback(onFailed); 

                // defaultUserContext - 用户上下文 

                Hello.set_defaultUserContext("webabcd"); 

                // path - WebService的路径 

                alert(Hello.get_path()); 

                // timeout - 超时时间 

                alert(Hello.get_timeout()); 

                function btnHello_onclick()    

                        Hello.Say(name); 

                function onSucceeded(result, context, methodName)    

                        $get("result").innerHTML += "默认的Context:" + context + "&lt;br /&gt;"; 

                        $get("result").innerHTML += "调用的方法名:" + methodName + "&lt;br /&gt;"; 

                        $get("result").innerHTML = error.get_message() + "&lt;br /&gt;"; 

1、页面加载

弹出框,信息:/Web/WebService/Hello.asmx

弹出框,信息:0

2、单击“Hello”按钮

默认的Context:webabcd

调用的方法名:Say

WebServiceProxy.aspx

&lt;%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" Title="WebServiceProxy Class" %&gt; 

                var webRequest = Sys.Net.WebServiceProxy.invoke(path, methodName, useHttpGet, parameters, 

                succeededCallback, failedCallback, userContext, timeout); 

                &lt;li&gt;path - WebService的url &lt;/li&gt; 

                &lt;li&gt;useHttpGet - 是否使用HTTP GET方式 &lt;/li&gt; 

                &lt;li&gt;parameters - 参数(示例:{"param1":196610, "param2":"Hello"}) &lt;/li&gt; 

                &lt;li&gt;timeout - 超时时间 &lt;/li&gt; 

                &lt;li&gt;返回值 - 相关的WebRequest对象 &lt;/li&gt; 

        &lt;input type="button" id="btnHello" value="Hello" /&gt; 

        &lt;br /&gt; 

                function btnHello_ 

                        var wRequest =    

                        Sys.Net.WebServiceProxy.invoke 

                        ( 

                                "Hello.asmx", 

                                "Say", 

                                false, 

                                {"name":'webabcd'}, 

                                onSucceeded, 

                                null, 

                                -1 

                        ); 

                        $get("result").innerHTML = wRequest.get_body() + "&lt;br /&gt;"; 

                function onSucceeded(result) 

                        $get("result").innerHTML += result + "&lt;br /&gt;"; 

1、单击“Hello”按钮

{"name":"webabcd"}

     本文转自webabcd 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/webabcd/344812,如需转载请自行联系原作者

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