yum源使用的几个报错小总结

废话不多说，下面记录了centos下更换系统默认yum源为网易yum源的操作过程：

1）备份原有的默认yum源

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak

2）修改CentOS-Base.repo文件。将文件中的baseurl地址修改为网易163的yum源地址即可！

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

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<code># CentOS-Base.repo</code>

<code>#</code>

<code># The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the</code>

<code># update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and</code>

<code># geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates</code>

<code># unless you are manually picking other mirrors.</code>

<code># If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the</code>

<code># remarked out baseurl= line instead.</code>

<code>[base]</code>

<code>name=CentOS-$releasever - Base</code>

<code>#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&amp;arch=$basearch&amp;repo=os</code>

<code>baseurl=http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.163.com</code><code>/centos/</code><code>$releasever</code><code>/os/</code><code>$basearch/</code>

<code>gpgcheck=1</code>

<code>gpgkey=http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.163.com</code><code>/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6</code>

<code> </code> 

<code>#released updates</code>

<code>[updates]</code>

<code>name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates</code>

<code>#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&amp;arch=$basearch&amp;repo=updates</code>

<code>baseurl=http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.163.com</code><code>/centos/</code><code>$releasever</code><code>/updates/</code><code>$basearch/</code>

<code>#additional packages that may be useful</code>

<code>[extras]</code>

<code>name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras</code>

<code>#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&amp;arch=$basearch&amp;repo=extras</code>

<code>baseurl=http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.163.com</code><code>/centos/</code><code>$releasever</code><code>/extras/</code><code>$basearch/</code>

<code>#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages</code>

<code>[centosplus]</code>

<code>name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus</code>

<code>#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&amp;arch=$basearch&amp;repo=centosplus</code>

<code>baseurl=http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.163.com</code><code>/centos/</code><code>$releasever</code><code>/centosplus/</code><code>$basearch/</code>

<code>enabled=0</code>

<code>#contrib - packages by Centos Users</code>

<code>[contrib]</code>

<code>name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib</code>

<code>#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&amp;arch=$basearch&amp;repo=contrib</code>

<code>baseurl=http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.163.com</code><code>/centos/</code><code>$releasever</code><code>/contrib/</code><code>$basearch/</code>

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum clean all

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum makecache          //将服务器上的软件包信息缓存到本地,以提高搜索安装软件的速度

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum update              //更新系统

依照上面操作后，yum源就更换成网易的了，并能正常使用。

要特别注意的是：如果要想CentOS使用yum update更新时不升级内核，方法如下：

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# cp /etc/yum.conf /etc/yum.confbak

方法一）修改yum的配置文件

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# vim /etc/yum.conf 

在[main]的最后添加 exclude=kernel*

方法二）直接在yum的命令后面加上如下的参数：

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum --exclude=kernel* update

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如果要更换成阿里云的yum源，只需要将/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo内容替换成下面内容即可，然后yum clean all、yum makecache、yum update

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<code># geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates</code>

<code>name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com</code>

<code>failovermethod=priority</code>

<code>baseurl=http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.aliyun.com</code><code>/centos/</code><code>$releasever</code><code>/os/</code><code>$basearch/</code>

<code>        </code><code>http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.aliyuncs.com</code><code>/centos/</code><code>$releasever</code><code>/os/</code><code>$basearch/</code>

<code>gpgkey=http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.aliyun.com</code><code>/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6</code>

<code>name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com</code>

<code>baseurl=http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.aliyun.com</code><code>/centos/</code><code>$releasever</code><code>/updates/</code><code>$basearch/</code>

<code>        </code><code>http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.aliyuncs.com</code><code>/centos/</code><code>$releasever</code><code>/updates/</code><code>$basearch/</code>

<code>name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com</code>

<code>baseurl=http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.aliyun.com</code><code>/centos/</code><code>$releasever</code><code>/extras/</code><code>$basearch/</code>

<code>        </code><code>http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.aliyuncs.com</code><code>/centos/</code><code>$releasever</code><code>/extras/</code><code>$basearch/</code>

<code>name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com</code>

<code>baseurl=http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.aliyun.com</code><code>/centos/</code><code>$releasever</code><code>/centosplus/</code><code>$basearch/</code>

<code>        </code><code>http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.aliyuncs.com</code><code>/centos/</code><code>$releasever</code><code>/centosplus/</code><code>$basearch/</code>

<code>name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com</code>

<code>baseurl=http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.aliyun.com</code><code>/centos/</code><code>$releasever</code><code>/contrib/</code><code>$basearch/</code>

<code>        </code><code>http:</code><code>//mirrors</code><code>.aliyuncs.com</code><code>/centos/</code><code>$releasever</code><code>/contrib/</code><code>$basearch/</code>

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# yum makecache 

如果出现下面报错：

https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] PYCURL ERROR 22 - "The requested URL returned error: 404 Not Found"

原因分析：

$releasever这个变量在CentOS-Base.repo文件中没有被识别出来。可以去aliyun的镜像官网上查看下正确地址：

即正确地址是：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6.9/os/x86_64/repodata/repomd.xml

解决办法：将$releasever换成6.9

[root@bastion-IDC ~]# sed -i 's/$releasever/6.9/g' CentOS-Base.repo

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本文转自散尽浮华博客园博客，原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/kevingrace/p/6252795.html，如需转载请自行联系原作者