In 1955, in Huairen Hall, Zhongnanhai, Beijing, China held the first title ceremony, this time the title ceremony, a total of 1038 generals received the corresponding ranks, including 10 marshals, 10 generals, 55 generals, 175 lieutenant generals, 798 major generals, all of whom were remarkable in battle and made outstanding contributions.
Just after the conferment ceremony, Marshal Peng Dehuai went directly to Chairman Mao and said to him: "I am not a proper marshal, and the Xie fang only awards major generals, and I can only award lieutenant generals at most." Chairman Mao knew Peng Dehuai's Shaoshan Chong fellow very well, and he also understood why he attached so much importance to Xie Fang.
So, what kind of contribution did the solution make to make Peng Dehuai say such a sentence? Next, let's take a look at general Xie Fang's style.
Xie Fang, formerly known as Xie Ruchuan, a native of Siping Township, Dongfeng County, Jilin Province, the Xie family is well-off, and is one of the richest families in the local area, so Xie Fang grew up soaking in honeypots since childhood.
Figure | Solution
Such days did not last long, and soon the life of the solution party changed. At that time, Xie Fang's father married the second room, and when it comes to the second room wife of the Xie family, it is a cruel role, the first thing she did when she came to the Xie family was to steal the "internal political power", and after that, the big and small affairs of the Xie family were decided by her.
After seizing power, this second-room wife not only suppressed the mother of the solution party at all times, but also often made every effort to solve the problem, and even the old housekeeper of the family could not look down. But Xie Fang is at least the incense of the Xie family, even if she doesn't like Xie Fang anymore, she doesn't dare to bully Xie Fang in front of Xie Fang's father.
A few years later, this second-room wife gave birth to a son to the Xie family, but Xie Fang's father was very happy and spoiled her even more. With the birth of this child, Mrs. Erfang became more stubborn, and sometimes in front of The Father of the Solution, she would make it difficult for the Mother and Son of the Solution.
Xie Fang's mother is a gentle person who rarely resists, which also encourages the arrogance of Mrs. Erfang, and she begins to intensify her efforts to deal with Xie Fang's mother and son.
Seeing that his mother was often bullied, Xie Fang hated that he could not grow up faster, he had to rely on his own efforts to get ahead, make a career, and let his mother live a good life.
Therefore, Xie Yi began to study hard, trying to get rid of the current situation through knowledge. Xie Fang's mother can see him reading at night every night, studying hard, watching her son so self-motivated, she is also very pleased, in her heart, as long as Xie Fang is safe and sound, she will feel very at ease.
A few years later, Xie Fang's efforts were not in vain, and he was finally admitted to the famous local middle school with excellent results- Fengtian No. 3 Higher High School. At that time, Xie Fang's father also paid more attention to Xie Fang, often showing his concern, and the most intuitive way to express it was to pay enough to go to school.
In this school, Xie Fang learned a lot of new knowledge, his vision gradually became more and more broadened, and he slowly found what he was interested in, and he had some ambitions and wanted to fly farther.
At that time, Xie Fang met Zhang Xueming, Zhang Zuolin's second son, at school, and the two got along happily and often played together. One day, the school issued a new notice, ready to select a group of outstanding students sent to Japan to study military affairs, the number of places is limited, and the competition between students is also extremely fierce.
At that time, Zhang Xueming quickly had a quota by virtue of his own relationship, and after getting the quota, he began to look for his own helpers, and learning excellent solutions became the object of Zhang Xueming's first consideration. He couldn't wait to find Xie Fang and explain his ideas to him, and Xie Fang was very happy at that time, because he also wanted to study in Japan, so he agreed to Zhang Xueming's invitation.
In this way, Xie Fang came to Japan to study, according to the school's regulations at that time, new students must serve in the Japanese army before enrolling, so Xie Fang was assigned to the Sixth Wing of the Japanese Third Army as a soldier.
In May 1928, the Invading Japanese Army created the "Jinan Massacre" in Jinan, which killed many Chinese soldiers and ordinary people, and soon the news reached Japan and reached the ears of the understanding parties. He was furious, and in protest he left the unit he was serving in private.
Leaving the team without permission means that the party will no longer be able to enter the school to study, and in severe cases, it may be subject to military law. At that time, many of the students who went with me advised the party to be patient, but the solution said: "I can not enter this school to study, but as a Chinese, I can't watch my country being invaded and swallow my anger." ”
In the end, in order to win over the forces of the Feng clan, the Japanese army did not investigate this matter in depth, and still agreed to let the xie fang enter the school to study. After this incident, Xie Fang understood the mission he shouldered when he came to this school, and he would strive to complete his studies and serve the motherland in the future.
In 1930, Xie Fang completed his studies and returned to the motherland, without any accidents, he directly entered the Northeast Army. In the Northeast Army, due to xiefang's excellent military theory and his background of studying abroad, he soon became the captain of the Fengjun Tianjin Security Corps and was reused.
After coming to Tianjin, the first thing he did was to rectify the security team, under his management, the turbulent situation in Tianjin has changed significantly, and the unreasonable provocations of foreigners have also been much reduced, and for this, he has also been praised by many Tianjin officials.
On November 8, 1931, a famous incident occurred in Tianjin, which was the "Japanese shelling of Tianjin". At that time, it was the wedding day of Zhang Xueliang's third brother Zhang Xuezeng, and the Japanese thought that the defense on this day would be relatively lax, so they planned to hold a riot on this night.
Figure | Chang
However, xie fang learned of the Japanese army's plan early on, and he calmly prepared for all battles. That night, the traitor plainclothes team divided into several roads and attacked the municipal government, the public security bureau and other places from all directions, and when they arrived at the public security bureau, they found that there were already people ambushed here.
As soon as the battle broke out, the xiefang personally commanded a large and three large teams to counterattack, and because of the proper command, the traitor plainclothes team was defeated and retreated to the concession.
After the "Tianjin Incident", Zhang Xueliang sent a telegram to the whole country to protest against the Japanese army, but at that time the fighting continued, and the fight lasted for a month, and during this month, the xiefang gradually gained fame. At that time, the senior staff officer of the Japanese army said about the "Tianjin Incident": "I didn't expect that this time it was the students who beat the teacher, and they also beat it so badly." "The students here are referring to the solution.
Although Xie Fang had feelings for the Northeast Army, he still held his own views on the Kuomintang government, and as time went on, he saw no hope in the Kuomintang, xie fang turned his eyes to the Communist Party, and he found that the theory of the Communist Party was completely consistent with his own beliefs, and the vitality emanating from the Communist Party made him even more moved.
In this way, in April 1936, Xie Fang secretly joined the Communist Party of China, it can be said that Xie Fang was an underground party that broke into the Feng Army, and during his tenure in the Northeast Army, he actively implemented the party's anti-Japanese national united front policy.
At that time, Chiang Kai-shek asked Zhang Xueliang to lead troops to the northwest to suppress bandits and implement the so-called policy of "taking out the outside world before going inside the country." This made Xie Fang and many northwestern troops extremely bitter, and it was precisely because everyone had this mentality that Xie Yi began to influence Zhang Xueliang, Yu Xuezhong, and others, letting them oppose Chiang Kai-shek and implement the policy of the anti-Japanese national united front.
Figure | Chiang Kai-shek
On December 12, 1936, the "Xi'an Incident" broke out, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng put Chiang Kai-shek under house arrest and forced Chiang Kai-shek to resist Japan.
In 1941, Xie Fang came to Yan'an and returned to the embrace of the party, and it was at that time that he disclosed his identity as a communist and was received by Chairman Mao and Zhou Enlai.
At that time, The Xie Fang was still using the previous name "Xie Ruchuan", when Chairman Mao said to him: "Now that you have returned to the embrace of the Party, it is better to change a name that is louder." He smiled and said, "Then what name is better?" Chairman Mao thought for a moment and said to him: "Either we will change it to the solution, because it is a harmonic sound with 'liberation', which means that in the future we will certainly be able to liberate all of China." ”
After hearing Chairman Mao's words, Xie Fang readily agreed, and since then, the name Xie Fang has spread among the military.
In the campaign to liberate Hainan, xiefang played a particularly important role, because it was a sea battlefield at that time, considering that many soldiers did not know water, so before the war began, Xie fang and Han Xianchu visited fishermen everywhere and invited them to the army to teach the soldiers the experience of going to sea.
Through a period of visits and investigations, Xie Fang had already made a preliminary battle plan in his mind, and he made a set of plans for these plans, sent them to Han Xianchu's hands, the two of them reformed and discussed, and finally finalized a complete set of plans.
Figure | Han Xianchu
Therefore, in the campaign to liberate Hainan, Xie Fang made great contributions, and he was one of the great heroes.
On June 25, 1950, when the Korean War broke out, the Xie side was very keenly aware that the flames of war would burn on the Yalu River, so he took the initiative to ask his superiors to participate in the Korean War.
In the Korean battlefield, Xie Fang gave full play to his military talents and provided many useful strategies, that is, during that time, his ability was fully affirmed by Peng Dehuai and he was known as "Little Zhuge Ge".
Sometimes When Peng Dehuai encountered some difficult problems, he would say to others: "Quick, go and find Xiao Zhuge Ge." From this sentence, we can see the outstanding talent of the solution party in the military field.
The xiefang is very good at understanding Peng Dehuai's combat intentions, and often Peng Dehuai can find the key to the problem with only a few words, so Peng Dehuai will often find the xiefang to discuss the war together. Throughout the Korean War, the Xie side has been around Peng Dehuai to give advice.
Peng Dehuai is usually very strict, often find some comrades to correct mistakes, but never found a solution, in his heart, the solution is a think tank, is a very talented person, and is a very reliable person, so many things to the solution to complete, he will feel very at ease.
At that time, Peng Dehuai often had to go to the front line to personally command the battle, and the solution party attached great importance to the safety of Mr. Peng. Once, Peng Dehuai was directing a battle on the front line, and happened to encounter the enemy's aircraft bombing, and the xiefang on the side quickly blocked Peng Dehuai with his body, and then let him temporarily hide in the air raid shelter.
Figure | Peng Dehuai
However, at that time, the war was tense, and Peng Dehuai said that he was unwilling to hide in the air raid shelter, and had no choice but to continue to direct the battle, and there was no way, so the xiefang had to truthfully report the situation to the Central Military Commission.
Not long after, Zhou Enlai sent a telegram, asking the xie party to be responsible for Peng Dehuai's safety, and particularly stressed that it must always pay attention. In order to ensure the safety of Peng Dehuai when commanding the battle, the xie side would each time select a suitable place and dig an air raid shelter at the place where Peng Dehuai commanded the battle, and also particularly stressed that it was necessary to ensure Peng Dehuai's safety at all costs.
In August 1950, the Korean People's Army liberated most of South Korea, and after forcing the U.S. troops to a small area east of the Nakdong River, the Korean People's Army immediately decided to continue to lead its troops south, inflicting heavy damage on the U.S. army.
However, doing so will lead to an emptiness in the rear, which is potentially dangerous. At that time, the solution party saw this, he conducted a rigorous analysis, speculated on the next actions of the US military from all angles, and finally came to a conclusion: "The US military will confuse the Korean People's Army with a small part of the troops, in fact, most of the troops will appear in Pyongyang and Seoul, and then they can form a situation of front and back attack, leaving the Korean People's Army in a very unfavorable situation." ”
After reaching such a conclusion, the xiefang quickly reported the results of his analysis to the superiors, and finally, this analysis report was paid attention to by Chairman Mao, who immediately began to study it and obtained similar results to the reconciling party.
On September 15, 1950, as analyzed by the solution, the U.S. army gathered a large number of troops and landed at Inchon.
On the eve of the first battle, the xiefang carefully analyzed the situation and made a report, and then handed this report to Peng Dehuai, after seeing this report, Peng Dehuai had more ideas, and this report also provided a certain basis for his subsequent command.
This battle lasted for 13 days and nights, annihilating more than 15,000 enemy troops, when the US army was still clamoring to end the battle on Christmas Eve, but in the end it ended in failure, and it is worth mentioning that our army defeated the Ace troops of the US army in the Battle of Yunshan, strengthened the morale of our army, and eliminated the prestige of the US army.
The first battle was successful, and all the soldiers were immersed in the joy of victory, and the solution was no exception. However, after this battle, the US military is still invincible, and has not restrained its arrogance in the slightest, in view of this situation, Peng Dehuai decided to lure the enemy to go deeper and break the US army.
At that time, when the solution party learned of Peng Dehuai's plan, he immediately understood his intentions and formulated a very detailed plan according to Peng Dehuai's instructions.
In order to lure the U.S. troops to the combat site, the volunteer soldiers pretended to attack without showing the slightest flaw. At that time, some volunteer soldiers would also discard some debris on the road along the way, pretending to be a rout to confuse the American army.
When the American troops were led to the combat site, only an order was heard: "Shoot", and all the fighters emerged from the woods and took up their weapons to strafe. The commander of the US army did not expect that this was a trap set in advance, and on the way there, he said triumphantly: "Look, how powerful our soldiers are, how advanced the equipment is." ”
After the end of the Fifth Campaign, Peng Dehuai found a solution and said to him: "Now that the war situation has changed, I need to send you back to China to report to Chairman Mao on the situation on the battlefield." For the problems that appeared on the battlefield, Xie Fang knew it well, and he said to Peng Dehuai: "Guarantee the completion of the task." ”
Figure | Chairman Mao
On May 27, 1951, Chairman Mao received the Chinese side in Zhongnanhai, and the Xie side also conveyed the situation on the battlefield to Chairman Mao, and after some thought, Chairman Mao said to the Xie side: "The first task of the Volunteer Army is to eliminate the nine divisions of the United States and Britain. ”
The so-called rotational combat is like knocking on the "cowhide candy", we send three or four armies each time to gradually weaken the enemy, and when the enemy is weakened to a certain extent, we can attack on a large scale and annihilate all the US troops.
After that conversation, the xiefang summarized and summed up Chairman Mao's suggestions, and then wrote this summary into a telegram, which was approved by Chairman Mao and sent to Peng Dehuai.
Since the volunteer army entered the DPRK until June 1951, our army fought a total of 5 battles, which not only destroyed the plans of the US army, but also drove the US troops from the Yalu River to the vicinity of the 38th Line, and finally led to the US army having to negotiate an armistice.
On July 3, Chairman Mao telephoned Peng Dehuai, saying that he agreed with Ridgway's plan to hold a preparatory meeting of liaison officers between the two sides, and set the time for July 8 in Kaesong. At the same time, he also specifically instructed Peng Dehuai to order the xiefang to prepare for the meeting.
On July 8, the Korean People's Army, the Chinese Volunteer Army, and the United Nations Forces held a liaison meeting in Kaesong, and the next day Chairman Mao telephoned Kim Il Sung and Lee Kenong, agreeing to make the parties to the negotiations.
On July 10, the Korean armistice negotiations officially began in Kaesong, and the xiefang side, as our negotiator, often left the UN forces speechless, but at that time, both sides had their own opinions, it was difficult to really talk together, and for a time, the negotiations reached an impasse.
In order to break the deadlock in the negotiations, the two sides decided to hold a joint subcommittee meeting on August 17 to resolve the deadlock in the negotiations.
Seeing that the negotiations can go smoothly, but then something happened that put the negotiations on a freezing point, what happened during that time?
On August 19, armed personnel of the US military illegally entered the Kaishe Cheng neutral zone, where they attacked our patrol personnel, resulting in Yao Qingxiang's heroic death. The occurrence of this incident fully proves that the US military has always been deliberately procrastinating in the negotiation, and the most infuriating thing is that they even attacked our personnel during the negotiations, which is enough to see that they have no sincerity.
In this way, the negotiations were terminated for 62 days, during which time the U.S. military launched a summer and autumn offensive, and it was not until October 25, 1951, that the two sides began to renegotiate.
However, this negotiation still encountered problems, and the US military created many excuses to want to put Kaesong on their side, which was a consistent trick of the US military, and this trick was quickly recognized by the negotiators such as the xiefang. There was no way, the US military had to mess around and reverse black and white, but the next sentence of the solution made the US military suddenly dumbfounded.
The xie side said: "At that time, when discussing the site of the negotiation meeting, our side proposed to hold negotiations in Kaesong, and as a result, your side said that Kaesong was in our hands, which was not good for you, and now that Kaesong is yours, did it take only two months for you to forget what you said before?" ”
When the solution side finished speaking, the US side was dumbfounded, but they did not want to give up on this, so they said viciously: "It is very easy for us to occupy Kaesong, and the reason why we did not attack is because of our sincerity in negotiations." ”
At this time, Xie Fang said loudly: "Do you remember that in the autumn offensive, you wanted to bypass Kaesong and attempt to directly invade the northeast of our country?" In the end, the ace troops you sent out were killed, is that what you call easy? ”
After some negotiations, all the tricks of the US military were discovered by the representatives of the xiefang side, and they had to lose the battle. However, although they lost the battle in the negotiations, the US side was not satisfied, and they planned to seize Kaesong with armed forces, but the final result was that our army annihilated more than 10,000 people.
On November 27, 1951, the negotiations entered the third stage, this time the solution side was still the same as before, to the point, no concessions, no matter whether the US side was cunning or intimidating, it was dealt with by the representatives of the liberation side one by one, and finally they finally reached an agreement on May 2, 1952.
Throughout the negotiation period, the solution party not only had a quick thinking and a firm stance, but also spoke at a particularly high level, and was one of the main negotiators at that time.
On the Korean battlefield, the Xie side gave full play to its talents and made tremendous contributions, which is a well-deserved hero.
In 1955, at the first awarding ceremony in China, Xie Fang was awarded the rank of major general, and when Marshal Peng Dehuai knew about it, he was very angry and said: "If Xie Fang only awards major generals, I can only award lieutenant generals at most." This sentence is enough to see the position of the xiefang in the heart of Marshal Peng Dehuai, and also reflects the exploits of the xiefang on the Korean battlefield.
Figure | The first conferment ceremony in our country
Later, Marshal Peng Dehuai was still a marshal, and Xie Fang became the head of the major generals. No matter what rank is awarded, General Xie Fang is the pillar of our Chinese nation and a hero in the hearts of each of us.