The Wei and Jin Dynasties period is very special in Chinese history, it can be said that it is chaotic, in just a few hundred years, dozens of regimes have been established before and after the country's east, west, south, and north, fortunately, this period is not the main examination point of history classes, otherwise students will definitely vomit blood. In the state of Wei alone, there have been Cao Wei - Ran Wei - Zhai Wei - Northern Wei - Western Wei - Eastern Wei, and the ethnic groups established by each regime are different - the scope is different - the time is different, just ask you whether you are dizzy! This period was undoubtedly a period of great decline in imperial power, as well as a period of traditional Confucianism. During this period, the local Hao clan was the actual ruler of the country, and some public people admired this period of history, especially envying the intellectuals of this period. There is no imperial power constraint on the top, no moral constraint on the bottom, the so-called Wei and Jin demeanor, you can take drugs every day (take five stones), drink wine, brag (talk about Xuan), and be more cheerful. What is the living environment of the people, and when have they ever paid attention to it? If you really pay attention to it, you will not respect the so-called Wei Jin demeanor.
The core economic zone of The Western Wei Dynasty is only related to the Central And Eastern Wei Dynasty, and the national strength of the Eastern Wei is obviously the strongest Western Wei
The Eastern Wei-Northern Qi period was a typical period of political and social degeneration in the Southern and Northern Dynasties of wei and Jin, and his rise and fall could be well erected as negative teaching materials for lessons. Many people think that wine culture is the representative of Chinese culture, broad and profound, but is this really the case? If you go to the extreme, you will often go against the grain. The wine culture of Eastern Wei - Northern Qi is like this, throughout the historical process of Eastern Wei - Northern Qi, it was born with wine, and there were four major dionysus gods before and after, namely Li Yuanzhong, Gao Jishi, Gao Yang, and Gao Zhan. These four people drank wine to the height of the earth-shattering and weeping ghost god, and Rao was a model for future generations of wine lovers.
The so-called Wei and Jin demeanor is that intellectuals gather to take drugs, drink alcohol, and talk nonsense
The founder of the Eastern Wei-Northern Qi regime was Gao Huan, who may have been a Xianbei Han or a Xianbei, using the title of Han chinese to facilitate the rule of Hebei. Personally, I think that Gao Huan's family is the second most likely. Gao Huan originally defected to the Northern Wei chancellor Erzhu Rong, and later in the Northern Wei civil unrest, Erzhu Rong was killed, and Gao Huan rebelled against Erzhu Rong's son Erzhu Zhaoyang and secretly developed. Later, Gao Huan seized the opportunity to lead his army into Hebei, where he was powered by the power vacuum area, and was supported by the local powerful Li Yuanzhong and the brothers Gao Qian, Gao Zhongmi, Gao Ao Cao, and Gao Jishi, and was able to use Hebei as a base to attack the city, becoming a powerful vassal who threatened tianzi to order the princes, and fought against the Western Wei Yuwentai clique. Therefore, the Eastern Wei-Northern Qi was established by the combination of the Hao clan in Hebei and the Xianbei nobles. Among the four great dionysus gods, Li Yuanzhong and Gao Jishi are the representatives of the Hao clan in Hebei, Gao Yang and Gao Zhan are the sons of Gao Huan, and they are the representatives of the Xianbei nobles.
Map of the situation of mountains and rivers in the north during the Southern and Northern Dynasties of the Wei and Jin Dynasties
The history books say that Li Yuanzhong "roughly read the history books and yin and yang numerology, untied the drum kite, was good at shooting bullets, and had ingenuity." "Understand medicine, love to drink, once served as the Taishou of Southern Zhao County, because of the delay of good wine, there is no political achievement." Later, the Northern Wei Dynasty was in turmoil, and he returned to his hometown to uncover the pole. When Gao Huan led the army into Hebei, Li Yuanzhong rode in an open-top car, full of fine wine to block the road, saying that he wanted to meet Gao Huan, and the bystander told Gao Huan that this person's name was Li Yuanzhong, but he was an alcoholic, so Gao Huan did not receive him, even if he knew that this Li Yuanzhong did not leave, took wine and meat from the car, sat alone at the gate of the barracks, while drinking a large amount of wine, while eating a large piece of meat, and then said to the guards: "I thought that Gao Gong could recruit the world's haojie, and now the guoshi has arrived at the door, but he can't greet the sages like Zhou Gong." He can also imagine this person, please return my name post, do not have to report. ”
The guards were surprised by Li Yuanzhong's behavior, so they reported it to Gao Huan, who also felt that this person was not simple, and immediately received Li Yuanzhong. The first time the two met, that is, they drank freely, after three rounds of drinking, Li Yuanzhong was drunk, so he took off the guzheng from the car and played it, and sang a long song, and the vocal music was very passionate.
Li Yuanzhong said to Gao Huan, "Today's situation is obvious, does Ming Gong still want to serve the Erzhu clan?" ”
Gao Huan still didn't trust him very much, and only said, "My fame and fortune are all due to the Erzhu clan, how dare I not do my best for the Erzhu clan!" ”
Li Yuanzhong was stunned and said, "Non-hero also! Have the Gao Qian brothers ever been here? ”
Gao Huan continued to cajole Li Yuanzhong: "These high parents have a rough personality, how can they come to see me!" ”
Li Yuanzhong said, "Although the Gao Qian brothers have a rough temperament, they all know things well. ”
Gao Huan said, "Zhao Jun's drunkenness. So let people help Li Yuanzhong out.
Li Yuanzhong refused to get up, and his subordinate Sun Teng said to Gao Huan: "This person was sent by heaven, and he must not violate the will of Heaven." ”
Gao Huan then left Li Yuanzhong behind to talk to him. Li Yuanzhong continued to speak generously, saying that the sadness was even more tearful, and even Gao Huan was infected by his emotions and could not help but feel sad from it. Li Yuanzhong then took the opportunity to offer Gao Huan a plan to seize Hebei, and Gao Huan believed Li Yuanzhong, tightly held Li Yuanzhong's hand, and apologized to him. The two drank and drank friendship.
Li Yuanzhong is famous for his good wine, an authentic drunkard, but without Li Yuanzhong, Gao Huan would not be so easily accepted by the local Hao clan when he entered Hebei. Therefore, after Gao Huan's dictatorship, he trusted and used Li Yuanzhong very much, but Li Yuanzhong did not change his bad habits, and he was greedy and lazy all day, "Although he was in charge of his duties, he did not do things with things, but only drank to entertain himself." Later, Gao Huan wanted to appoint Li Yuanzhong as a servant, but Gao Huan's eldest son Gao Cheng believed that Li Yuanzhong was indulgent and often drunk, so he did not agree to this appointment. After Li Yuanzhong's son Li Yuanzhong heard about it, he asked his father to quit drinking, and Li Yuanzhong replied: "I am better than drinking as a servant, and I love servants, so it is advisable not to drink." ”
Tomb of The Northern Qi General Lou Rui - Kurama Ranger Map
Although Li Yuanzhong is good at wine, he has an advantage, never play drunk madness, and the wine morality is better, and he does not have to worry about being killed by him when he drinks. Drinking has long been a part of Li Yuanzhong's life, and it is also his greatest pursuit in life. In his later years, Li Yuanzhong undoubtedly lived a worry-free life, and did not interfere with mundane affairs, and dreamed of death every day drunk, which was the realization of the greatest ideal of life. Among these four gods of wine, the amount of wine in the high season style is undoubtedly the best, Gao Yang drinks to drink himself to death, but the high season style is different, he generally pours others to death.
When Gao Huan was alive, his master was named Sun Huan, and this person was quite talented and learned, so Gao Huan was very dependent on him. Once Gao Jishi and Sima Ziru called Sun Shu to drink together, Gao Jishi and Sima Ziru were both greedy people, and they naturally would not find a two-cup wine to drink together at the table, so Sun Ji should also be a wine bully who did not pour a thousand cups of wine. However, after all, Sun Xi's skills were inferior to those of a person, and he was actually infused with seven meats and eight vegetarians by Gao Jishi and Sima Ziru, and he died like this after he returned.
Gao Huan was very sorry for Sun Huan's death, and personally went to the Spirit Hall to mourn. Sima Ziru was worried about being blamed, so he bowed to Gao Huan and asked for his guilt. Gao Huan is very realistic, people can't come back from the dead, the key is that they have no culture, and those things that deal with paper and pencil always have to find someone to replace it, so he said to Sima Ziru: "Qing folded my right arm, for me to seek a substitute!" Sima Ziru then recommended Zhongshu Lang Wei Shuo, who was known as one of the Three Talents of the Northern Lands, and Gao Huan appointed Wei Shu as the chief bookkeeper. However, Gao Huan was very dissatisfied with Wei Shuo, so he said to Gao Jishi: "Qing drank and killed my grandson's master book, and Wei Shuzhi's documents were not as good as I wanted; Situ tried to call a person who is a secret person." Gao Jishi recommended Chen Wukang to Gao Huan, Chen Yuankang had a strict personality, gao Huan was very trusting, and Zeng said: "Such a person, it is rare to be true, and God has given me." ”
Drinking too much alcohol is indeed life-threatening, but at the wine table is not to stop the glass if you want to stop the cup, so don't go to the wine table. Of course, it is not an easy task to kill people, but if you encounter a Dionysus like Gao Jishi, you have to be careful.
Gao Ji's personality is more similar to that of his second brother Gao Ao Cao, "a good wine, and a bully of family merit, not formal." "Because of the good wine, Gao Jishi and Li Yuanzhong have a very harmonious relationship, plus they are both Hebei Hao clan, the two are considered to be a thousand cups of wine per confidant, and they drink together all day long. Later, Li Yuanzhong was transferred to Gwangju (present-day Huangchuan County, Henan) to assassinate Shi, and Gao Jishi was bored and tight, since Sun Yuanzhong was killed by him, who dared to drink with him except to a wine jar like Li Yuanzhong? Therefore, Gao Jishi suddenly felt uncomfortable, so Gao Jishi also specially ordered the left and right to go to Gwangju on a stagecoach with a pot of fine wine to persuade Li Yuanzhong to drink, which shows how deep the feelings of these two drunkards are.
Later, Gao Zhongmi rebelled, and although Gao Jishi did not participate, he was also dismissed from his post by Gao Huan, and from then on, Gao Jishi's mansion was much more deserted. One day, Sima Ziru's son Sima Ziru was idle and went to find Gao Jishi to drink. Sima Que was a left servant at the time, and coupled with the fact that he had married Gao Huan's daughter, he was extremely powerful at that time, so he took the time to come to Gao Ji to drink, but it gave him a lot of face. Gao Ji's home was deserted for a long time, and it was rare for someone to come to him for drinking, naturally he was full of energy, and he drank very happily, and Sima Que also stayed overnight in Gao Mansion. The next day Sima Que was difficult because he wanted to go to the early dynasty, he got up early, but at this time, the door of the Gao Mansion was still tightly locked, and no one could enter or leave, Sima Que knew that Gao Jishi still wanted to keep him to drink, so he asked him to open the door, and said: "I am Huang Menlang, the Attendant of the Heavenly Son, is there any reason not to participate in the Dynasty?" And if you have not returned to the night, the family will fight the monster. If you leave me to drink again now, I will be offended without words, and I will not be afraid of condemnation. Gao Jishi didn't care about these things, but instead made a color: "Jun calls himself Huang Menlang, and he is afraid of the family and the king, and wants to threaten me with the terrain?" The high season style has its own place to die, and it is not afraid of this. Sima Que was depressed, so he had to thank him for his invitation, but Gao Jishi did not let anyone go, and also said: "I stay with Jun, who is Jun, and do not drink for me." After saying that, he ordered two wheels to come over, one on the neck of the high season, one on his own neck, and then let people pour wine and persuade each other. Sima Que could not see this situation, so he had to accompany him to continue drinking, and Gao Jishi ordered someone to remove the wheel. (It is estimated that Sun Xi was so killed by gao ji style) Sima Que had to stay in Gao Fu for another night, Rao was that his alcohol was not bad, and finally he was not killed by Gao Ji shi, and Gao Ji shi drank for two days and two nights, which was enough to be addicted, and finally let Sima Que difficult.
As mentioned earlier, Sima Que was an important minister of the country, and within these two days he was imprisoned in Gao Mansion by Gao Jishi, and outsiders could not know anything, which was equivalent to disappearing for two days, so the inside and outside of the imperial court were terrified, and his wife Gao Shi was estimated to be crying into tears. At that time, Gao Cheng was assisting the government in Yecheng, and when he heard about this, he went to The Western Wei Emperor Xiaojing, gave Sima a few stones of fine wine, and ordered those who were close to Gao Ji to go to the Gao Mansion to feast together, lest some of them be killed by Gao Ji.
During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there was no distillation technology, and the degree of fermented wine was more than ten degrees, and it was not easy to drink dead people
This is the high season style, in terms of alcohol, of these four people he is absolutely unparalleled. Although the wine is a little worse, it is simply a heaven and an underground compared to Gao Yang, and as long as Gao Yang is drunk, it means that someone will die. Of course, although Gao Yang killed countless people, he could not escape karma, and he was the only emperor in China's history who died of alcohol poisoning.
After Gao Huan's death, Gao Cheng succeeded to the throne, but was soon assassinated by a cook, and his brother Gao Yang was able to succeed to the throne, and in 550 forced Eastern Wei To honor emperor Chan. Gao Yang became the founding prince of Northern Qi. The reason why Northern Qi is called the Beast Dynasty is inseparable from Gao Yang's performance. Compared with Gao Huan, Gao Yang's power and means are not low, Gao Cheng was suddenly assassinated, the government and the public were shocked, and Gao Yang's ability to quickly stabilize the situation shows that his means are not bad. Moreover, in the early days of his reign, he successfully curbed the eastward advance of Western Wei, and then seized the entire northern part of Jiangbei to the south, surrendering Toruran, seeking the Khitans, conquering the Turks, and suppressing the Mountains and Hus, almost invincible. However, Gao Yang has another side, that is, drinking and killing, which is completely perverted.
Gao Yang once put the prostitute Xue Shi into the harem and was very fond of her, but Xue Shi had an affair with his cousin Gao Yue in his early years, and he actually knew all this. However, one day, after Gao Yang was drunk, he was suddenly very unhappy about Xue's relationship with Gao Yue, so he beheaded Xue Shi, but hid her head in his arms, and then continued to feast and drink. Just when everyone was drinking happily, Gao Yang took out Xue's head and threw it on the table, and then dismembered her body, dug out her hip bone (that is, the thigh bone), and then used it as a lute to play. Only then did Gao Yang put away Xue's head and hip bones, and shed tears at them: "It is difficult for a beautiful person to get it again!" After the banquet, Gao Yang asked people to use a car to transport Xue's body out, while he himself scattered his hair and cried while walking.
Gao Yang was inherently murderous, and the history books recorded many of his deeds of killing people at will, and he even placed torture devices such as iron pots, long saws, knives, and stone mortars in the palace court. And Gao Yang is good at wine, every time he gets drunk, he has to kill people, there is no other reason, he just wants to kill, which can be described as perverted to the extreme. Most of those he killed were dismembered, either burned or thrown directly into the river. Because Gao Yang killed too many people, Yang Yan, the chancellor, had to go to the prison to select some death row prisoners for Gao Yang to kill indiscriminately, named "for the imperial prisoner", as long as Gao Yang wanted to kill people, Yang Yan would let these people train Gao Yang. To be sure, the mortality rate of "imperial prisoners" is very high, so if someone is not killed by Gao Yang for three months, they will generally be treated leniently.
The Northern Qi chaos became like this, and it was also possible to take Huainan from the civil strife of the Southern Dynasty, which showed that the Southern Dynasty was even more weakened
In 550, Gao Yang forced Emperor Xiaojing of Eastern Wei to make concessions, and by 559, Gao Yang died of alcoholism due to alcoholism, reigning for only 9 years. He died at the age of 31 and was given the title of Emperor Wenxuan. Crown Prince Gao Yin was the emperor and pardoned the world. Gao Yin succeeded to the throne for 1 year and was usurped by Gao Huan's sixth son, Gao Yan, and Gao Yin was killed. However, Gao Yan was very guilty because he killed Gao Yin, and felt that he was sorry for his brother Gao Yang and suffered from inner torment for a long time. The next year, Gao Yan's consciousness began to be a little confused, and he often dreamed that Gao Yang asked for his life, and the empress had to enter the palace with a wizard to "exorcise ghosts".
In October 561, In order to distract himself, Gao Yan went hunting with several retinues in the countryside, but the horses jumped up in fright, and Gao Yan broke his ribs and became critically ill. Before his death, Gao Yan did not dare to pass the throne to his son, so he had to issue an edict to enlist Gao Zhan, the king of Changguang, to inherit the great cause. At the same time, he wrote a letter to Gao Zhan: "After a hundred years of innocence, Ru can be happy to deal with it, and do not imitate the predecessors." "One hundred years" refers to the prince Gao Bainian, and Gao Yan naturally wrote this letter in the hope that Gao Zhan would not kill his son.
What is interesting is that Gao Zhan did not dare to believe the edict of the imperial court, and he had the intention of starting a rebellion, so the edict was even more careful that this was a trap. However, the news of Gao Yan's death could make Gao Zhanle bad, but he was still careful that this was a trap, so he sent his cronies to Jinyang first to open Gao Yan's coffin to see the truth before rushing to Jinyang on horseback, and replaced all the guards of Jinyang Palace in advance.
Subsequently, Gao Zhan formally ascended the throne, and then granted amnesty to the world, and then made the king of Pengcheng Gao Huan (Gao Huan's fifth son) the Prince of Taishi and Lu Shang Shushi, the King of Pingqin Gao Guiyan taifu, Wei Jing's son Wei Yue taibao, the king of Pingyang Gao Yan (Gao Huan's fourth son) as Dazai, the king of Boling (Gao Huan's twelfth son) as Tai Wei, Duan Shao as the Grand Sima (Lou Zhaojun's nephew), The Zhao Commandery King Gao Rui (Gao Huan's brother Gao Chen's son) as Shangshu Ling, and the Rencheng King Gao Xiang (Gao Huan's tenth son) as Shangshu Zuo's servant, And the state assassin Shi Hu Luguang as the right servant shooting. He was renamed King of Leling for a hundred years.
Judging from these ministers who were appointed by Gao Zhan, it is certain that Gao Zhan was a nepotist person, and none of these ministers were Han scholars, which shows that the founding of Northern Qi has fundamentally changed, from the original joint power of the Xianbei nobles and the Han people to a foreign regime dominated by a single political force of the Xianbei nobles, which means that the ruling base of Northern Qi has shrunk greatly compared with the beginning of the founding of the country, and it is even more lacking in cohesion than before, and the decline of Northern Qi began at this time.
Since the founding of Northern Qi in 550, it has only been 11 years since Gao Zhan's ascension to the throne, during which there have been 4 emperors, namely Emperor Wenxuan Gao Yang, deposed Emperor Gao Yin, and Emperor Xiaozhao Gao Yan, counting Gao Zhan' exactly 4. So many emperors have changed in just over ten years, which shows the turmoil in the political situation of Northern Qi, and none of Gao Zhan's predecessors belonged to normal deaths, Gao Yang died of alcohol poisoning, Gao Yin was strangled to death by his uncle, and Gao Yan fell to his death on horseback, counting Gao Cheng, who was killed by assassins, Gao Huan, who died of defeat and anger, and the death method of the Gao clan is also magical.
In any case, Gao Zhan eventually ascended the throne without bloodshed, and he reigned for only 5 years, but during these 5 years, Northern Qi's national strength plummeted, which of course was inseparable from his chaotic government. Compared with the previous monarchs of Northern Qi, Gao Zhan had one thing that they could not compare with, that is, "holding the hammer". The game "Gripping Mallet" was introduced to the Central Plains by the Hu people and belonged to the board game, which was very popular at that time. Gao Zhan does not learn any techniques, but likes to drink and play "gripping". When Gao Zhan was still the King of Changguang, a Hu man named He Shikai was good at holding a hammer and was favored by Gao Zhan, and let him join the army as a Kaifu, and when Gao Zhan ascended the throne, he was even more gracious to him.
Gripping is a board game
The relationship between Gao Zhan and Heshikai was very unusual, and the history said that "words are tolerant, extremely contemptuous, night and day, and there is no courtesy of the monarch." The two are also considered "like-minded", drinking and joking all day, and Shi Kai once patted the superb horse ass: "Your Highness is not a heavenly person, but a heavenly emperor." Gao Zhan said to him, "Qing is not the world's people, but also the gods of the world." He Shikai also said to Gao Zhan: "Since the ancient emperors, all the dust, Yao Shun, Jie Yi, what is the difference?" His Majesty should be young and strong, and enjoy himself freely, from rampant, that is, to live happily against the enemy for a thousand years. Minister of State Affairs, why not? Nothing for self-attendance also. Gao Zhan was very happy after hearing this, so he ordered Zhao Yanshen to be in charge of the official, Yuan Wenyao to be in charge of finances, Tang Yong in charge of military affairs, Feng Ziqiong and Hu Changcang in charge of the Eastern Palace, and himself to play and play all day, drink and have fun, and then ignore the government. With such a king, would Northern Qi have no reason to die?
Eastern Wei Dynasty riding figurines
Among the Northern Qi emperors, except for Gao Yan, who was quite normal, the other emperors all inherited the Gao tradition, not only absurd and shameless, but also especially loved to eat nest grass. After Gao Zhan's ascension to the throne, he fell in love with Gao Yang's widow Li Zu'e and wanted to occupy her, but Li Clan swore to die, so Gao Zhan threatened: "If you don't follow me, I will kill Er'er." "Li Had two sons, one was the deposed emperor Gao Yin, and the other was Gao Shaode, the king of Taiyuan. After Gao Yin was killed, Gao Shaode became Li's only hope, and in order to save the life of his only son, Li had to submit to Gao Zhan. Unfortunately, Li Shi was actually pregnant because of this. Later, Gao Shaode went to visit Li Shi, Li Shi did not dare to see him because his stomach was gradually bulging, Gao Shaode was not young, he knew the reason for it, so he was very angry and said: "Isn't it better to be evil than a child!" My sister's belly is big, so I don't see her. Li shi was very ashamed of this, and later gave birth to a daughter, but Li shi killed her. When Gao Zhan learned of this, he was very angry, and scolded Li Shi with a horizontal knife: "Kill my daughter, why don't I kill Er'er!" After saying that, he killed Gao Shaode in front of Li Shi. When Li Shi saw his son die tragically, he lost his voice and cried bitterly, and Gao Zhan was even more angry, and he ripped off all her clothes, and then beat her wildly. Li Shi ate pain and cried and cried, but Gao Zhan was still not relieved, and put her in a sack dripping with blood and threw her into the water to soak, so Li Shi fainted, and Liang Jiu Fang Su. Later, Gao Zhan sent Li Shi to the monastery as a nun.
The four major dionys of Eastern Wei and Northern Qi had their own characteristics, and Li Yuanzhong often delayed his business because of drinking, and he also gained a sense of ease in his later years. High-season drinking likes to put people to death, and when he was 37 years old, he drank and drank to death with back gangrene. Among the four people, Gao Yang was the most brutal, and after drinking alcohol, he must have killed people, and eventually died of alcohol poisoning, at the age of 33. Gao Zhan liked to have sexual immorality after drinking, and the history books said that "between the draperies, excessive sexual immorality", and finally died of excessive alcohol at the age of 32. It is really a good reincarnation of heaven, who has the heavens spared?
After Gao Zhan's death, the crown prince Gao Wei succeeded to the throne, that is, the last emperor of Northern Qi. During Gao Wei's reign, the same absurdity and insolence, the appointment of traitors and Shi Kai, Gao Anaqiu and others, favoring the concubine Feng Xiaopi, killing loyal ministers and good generals, and self-destructing the Great Wall, making Northern Qi politics more corrupt, military capabilities also greatly declined, and the country's power was crumbling. In 557, Emperor Yuwen of the Northern Zhou Dynasty sent an army to Northern Qi to unify the entire north, and Northern Qi fell to the state. Although Northern Qi successively served as 6 emperors, it only survived for 28 years.