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How many freshwater fish are there in our country? It is difficult to say an accurate number at the moment. Professor Cheng Qingtai of the Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences wrote the book "Chinese Fish Systematics" and saw that there are 800 species of freshwater fish in China. The Wuhan Freshwater Fish Museum has collected 840 species of freshwater fish in China. It belongs to 294 genera in 18 orders, 52 families. Among them, there are 15 species of migratory fish and 68 species of estuarine fish.
Today, I will share with you the 20 common freshwater fish species under the science popularization to the anglers around you.
【Crucian carp】Omnivorous fish that feed on plants, like to live in groups and choose to eat. Crucian carp from February to April and August to December is the fattest and is one of the important edible fish in China.
[Carp] Live alone or in small groups in ponds, lakes and rivers with calm and aquatic grassy mud bottoms. Omnivorous.
Silver carp: flattened and slightly taller, spindle-shaped, blue-grey back, white on the sides and abdomen. Silver carp is impatient and good at jumping. It is one of the main freshwater cultured fish in China.
The head is large and wide, and the head length is about 1/3 of the body length. The mouth is also wide and slightly upturned. Low eye position. Bighead carp are mostly distributed in the middle and upper layers of the water. It is known as the "scavenger in the water".
【Grass carp】Generally prefer to live in the middle and lower layers of the water and the nearshore aquatic grass area. Sexually active, swimming quickly, often foraging in groups. It is a typical herbivorous fish.
【Bluefish】 is a kind of blue color fish, mainly distributed in the plain area south of the Yangtze River in China.
【Bream】Suitable for still water life, rapid growth, strong adaptability, wide feeding habits.
【Blackfish】Blackfish is fierce, fertile, has a huge appetite, and can live away from the water for 3 days.
【Catfish】4 whiskers on the mouth, long and short, carnivorous, mostly wild, high water quality requirements.
Mandarin fish have flattened body, raised back, thick body, pointed tip. The meat is tender, with fewer spines and more meat.
【Cocking mouth】Large body, slender body, flattened, willow leaf-shaped. It is a large freshwater economic fish in the middle and upper layers, with fast movements, good at jumping, short-tempered temperament, and easy to be frightened.
[Meal minnow] is also known as white stripe. The sides are flattened, the back is almost straight, and the abdomen is slightly convex. He swims in groups on the surface of the water along the coast and moves quickly. It is often eaten as algae, higher plant detritus, carapace and insects.
[Horsefish] body length and lateral flattening, rounded abdomen. It inhabits the upper reaches of the water and prefers low temperature currents. It is an omnivorous, carnivorous freshwater fish.
[Tilapia] is native to Africa and is a small and medium-sized fish. It is omnivorous and often eats plants and debris in water.
[Mud carp] body is elongated, the abdomen is round, the head is short, and the snout is round and blunt.
[Silver fish] slender body, salmon-like, scaleless or fine scales, large mouth, large and sharp teeth, predatory fish. Silver fish is named because of its slightly rounded body length, delicate and transparent body, and its color is like silver.
[Freshwater perch] A carnivorous freshwater fish.
[Eel] is like a shuttle, the body color is yellowish, the abdomen is silvery white, and the dorsal fin and tail fin are blue-gray. Prefers fish that are smaller than it.
Sturgeon is one of the largest, long-lived and oldest fish in the world.
[Pike] mouth like a large and flattened mouth like a duck's beak, and the jaw is prominent. It is the roughest carnivorous fish among freshwater fish, attacking frogs, rats or wild ducks in addition to other fish.