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Vivo x27 pro smartphone
Huawei Huawei p30 pro smartphone - main camera With the popularity of the full screen, the miniaturization of the front camera has become one of the key research and development directions of mobile phone manufacturers; at the same time, taking pictures has become an important selling point for each manufacturer to distinguish it from other manufacturers, recording the beauty of life records, which is the rigid demand of every mobile phone user. Among mobile phone manufacturers, from Huawei's customized sensors, to the lack of vivo in 2018, to Xiaomi's acquisition of the Meitu brand, the establishment of its own advantages, and the formation of differentiated competition is also one of the key points of camera research and development. Today, let's talk about two new trends in the future development of mobile phone camera hardware. Front camera – smaller
Oppo shows off-screen front camera technology demonstrators
Oppo display of the screen front camera technology verification machine real screen camera is still in the research and development stage, at present only two manufacturers on Weibo sent some concept videos, in the scope of public opinion to tempt everyone; can take out the real machine to show, there is currently only one oppo, from the general industry practice, the prototype completion from the large-scale mass production there is still a period of time. The relationship between camera technology and camera module under the real screen is relatively small, and the relationship with the display panel manufacturer is greater, and the mobile phone manufacturer may need to customize the production line with the screen manufacturer, and the technical implementation and coordination are difficult. So overall, this black technology is still some time away from a stable mass production level.
Xiaomi Xiaomi Mi 9 smartphone
Samsung galaxy s10+ smartphone Therefore, the punch screen and waterdrop screen will still be a temporary compromise for the off-screen camera. The waterdrop screen belongs to the evolved version of The Bangs Screen, the camera is embedded in the groove after the teardrop-shaped screen is cut, and the punched screen is more like a preview of the real under-screen camera, and this technology has begun to face the optical loss of image quality due to the front cover glass and the display panel. The design of the punched screen can increase the screen ratio as much as possible before the camera matures under the real screen, while trying not to affect the display content. Of course, the hole in the current punching screen is still a bit large. The earliest deep Tianma display machine, the front hole of the punched screen occupies a corner of the screen, which greatly affects the perception. The aperture of the Samsung Galaxy S10 is about 4mm, the aperture of a8s is more than 6mm, and the honor V20 is already a very small opening diameter in the LCD screen, which is also about 4.5mm; the vivo z5x aperture of the thousand yuan machine is 4.59mm. In this form, manufacturers want to increase the proportion of the screen, you need to start from the narrowing of the aperture, the way to reduce the aperture on the one hand is to improve the opening technology, reduce the edge area of the camera, this technology from the through hole to the blind hole to the package, the need for screen module manufacturers and camera module manufacturers to cooperate. The other is to minimize the physical size of the camera. Under the perforated screen design, it is necessary to reduce the size of the lens group at the front of the camera. At present, the mainstream front camera lens diameter is about 2.8mm, so Samsung pushed up another layer, from the camera module to the customized lens. At present, under the impetus of Samsung, The 2.2mm lens of Daliguang has been developed and is waiting for shipment in the second half of this year. In terms of diameter, the screen area occupied by the 2.2mm diameter lens is about 40% smaller than that of the 2.8mm, but the cost is more than twice that of the original 2.8mm diameter lens. If it is profitable to form a market advantage, manufacturers will naturally invest in research and development. From the perspective of the lens, try to minimize the impact of punching on the look and feel of the screen. At the same time, The 2mm lens of Da Liguang is also under development, and is expected to be shipped in 2020, when the front hole area of the punched screen is smaller, and the front of the screen will look and feel better. In 2020, the camera under the real screen may usher in technical applications, and commercial products may begin to be shipped on a small scale. At that time, the under-screen camera and the upgraded digging screen will usher in a new round of battles. Rear camera – bigger
Samsung 64MP sensor display image - image from the Internet
Led by quad bayer array technology, the number of pixels in mobile phones has entered a new era, Huawei p20 series is the first to eat crabs, with the help of new custom sensors, Huawei topped the dxomark mobile slaughter opponents. With the popularity of Samsung, Sony, and even omnivision's quad bayer sensors, mobile phones with 40 million pixels and above abound, and even have already entered the thousand yuan machine. High pixels also put some pressure on the processing power of mobile phones, but mobile phone manufacturers and supply chain manufacturers have turned this pressure into motivation and bravely climbed new heights in pixels. Samsung has already launched a 64-megapixel quad bayer array of sensors, but eight-digit pixels, the level of shock may not be enough.
Nokia Nokia 808 Pureview Smartphone - Camera
Sources from the supply chain say that Daliguang is developing an 8p lens that is used to match a 108 million pixel sensor, and the lens and sensor have begun to be shipped. If the size of a single pixel is 0.8um, the size of the 100 million pixel sensor will be as high as 1/1.1 inch, which is larger than the mad Nokia pureview 808, only smaller than Panasonic's one-inch cmos mobile phone, if it is not plugged into the phone, in order to ensure its optical quality and light aperture lens will also be extremely large, the thickness and volume of the phone may also be out of control. Therefore, I personally guess that the size of this image sensor will be one notch smaller than 0.8um, about 0.7um. The size of the sensor is about 1/1.4 inch - larger than the light-sensitive area of the imx600 on the current p20/p30 series, but much smaller than the 1/1.1 inch calculated above, at least it can be tucked into the phone.
Nokia Nokia Lumia 1020 smartphone - camera
However, the graphics performance of mobile phones is limited, how to deal with 100 million pixels will also become a problem faced by mobile phone manufacturers, once like to eat large size high-pixel sensor crab Nokia 808, lumia1020 and other models when taking photos processing speed is very urgent. If all of these 108 million pixels are output, the amount of information that the phone needs to process is about 8 times that of the current 12 million pixel mobile phone. The multi-frame three-star time starts with the Galaxy S9, and its low-light shooting is only a combination of 12 shots in three parts, with a single processing capacity of 144 million pixels. 100 million pixels also want to multi-frame synthesis is too difficult, the phone's processor can not calculate. In most cases, it is probably just a four-in-one 27-megapixel process. And with one hundred million pixels, another problem comes from the physical size limitations of the image sensor itself. According to Samsung's official isocell plus instructions, isocell plus technology can further block light between different pixels. However, in the actual production and manufacturing process, the current relatively mature process is still stuck at the 0.8um level, and the degree of interference shielding between different pixels under 0.7um is still less than that of 0.8um or even 1um level. The final image quality cannot be guaranteed. If this machine is really brought to the market, the publicity effect of 100 million pixels is likely to be far greater than the improvement in its imaging quality, but its demonstration effect may allow other manufacturers to start a round of "pixel wars". Under the current processing power, the advertising effect of "Pixel Wars" may also be greater than the improvement of its image quality. These may not be a good thing. Before that, reducing the size of the front camera to increase the screen ratio will become one of the key directions of the front camera hardware evolution. The main camera in the rear, with the popularity of quad bayer array image sensors, will continue to use such high-pixel sensors, and its single-sensor native pixels may exceed 100 million; if the 100 million pixel image sensor mobile phone is sold, the market is expected to usher in a new round of "pixel wars".