headache! Fish farming encounters hepatobiliary syndrome, should it be stopped or subtracted? How to confirm the diagnosis?

Often there are farmers want to understand the hepatobiliary disease, and now there are farmers suggest to write down the topic of hepatobiliary disease, for hepatobiliary disease, I have written several times before, and now write again, the author wants to start with the understanding of the function of the liver.

Liver organs, whether for humans or fish, can be said to be the most powerful self-healing organs, such as liver transplantation, liver partial removal, and after a period of time, the cut part will grow again. This is true in people, and it is true in fish. Other organs do not have such characteristics.

"Israel for liver" lacks scientific basis

For whether the liver has been diseased, many people like to judge by color, but this judgment standard, the empirical component will be more, lack of scientific basis. As early as the 1950s of the last century, a journal of Soochow University published a discussion on the color of the liver by the elders of the domestic aquatic industry, and one of the important views was that the liver had no fixed color. When the blood is sufficient, it will show a purple-red color, when the blood loss is too much, it may appear white, gray, brown, and some people will immediately come to the conclusion that a fatty liver will be drawn as soon as they see the liver white, which personally feels that it is a bit far-fetched. If the liver is yellow, or earthy yellow, whenever you see a fish showing such a color, the gills will always have some symptoms of disease, when you see more cases, I think this may be a lesion feature, because there is no definite evidence, there is still doubt.

As far as the function of the liver is concerned, all the food and drug metabolism digested by the fish are involved by the liver, such as the liver stores the glucose synthesis of the liver sugar source, and when the body needs it, it is decomposed into glucose for the body to use. After the liver secretes bile acid, the bile ducts are stored in the gallbladder, and when there is food in the intestine, the bile secreted by the gallbladder is stimulated to enter the intestine and promote the digestion of food. Such as the synthesis and release of fat, the decomposition of fatty acids, the production and oxidation of ketone bodies, the synthesis and oxidation of cholesterol and phospholipids, the synthesis and transportation of proteins, the synthesis and storage of vitamin a b c d k, including the inactivation of hormones, etc. all require the participation of the liver. But it also includes detoxification, all metabolism produces harmful substances, which need to be detoxified through the liver,

At the same time, the liver is also an immune organ, and the phagocytic system in the fish requires the participation of the liver to engulf, isolate and eliminate antigens. There are also fish body coagulation factors are produced by the liver, like recent scientific research believes that the liver is also involved in fish body hematopoiesis.

If the fish has hepatobiliary disease, should it be stopped or subtracted?

When it is judged that the fish has hepatobiliary disease, which is what everyone calls hepatobiliary syndrome, then many people will understand that all the food that the fish eats must be metabolized by the liver, is it not to increase the burden on the liver? What's the best thing to do? Isn't stopping the material the best solution? But for so many years, to solve the problem of liver and gallbladder through the discontinuation, how much effect the discontinuation has, remains to be studied. Relatively speaking, whether it is good to stop materials or reduce materials, each one is different, in practice, the author is more inclined to reduce materials.

Adequate nutrition is an important means to enhance the resistance of fish, farmers in order to speed up the growth of fish, when exceeding the normal feeding amount, or some large individual fish eating excess, it exceeds the upper limit of the liver can bear, resulting in growth, intake, metabolism and exercise between each other to lose match, liver enlargement, atrophy, fatty liver and so on. For the diagnosis of liver disease, there are not many professional introductions, and even some fish disease books do not include liver disease. Here are some of the methods summarized by the author himself, and share them with you.

I remember reading a report: A compilation of some medical papers on human diseases published for forty consecutive years in the last century found that decades had passed, and later facts proved that more than a quarter of the views were proved to be wrong. So I said that I am not sure that my point of view is correct, but at least I am constantly learning, summarizing, constantly verifying in practice, and a kind of understanding of the knowledge of fish liver disease is that the latecomers are accumulated on the basis of the predecessors, which is like children building blocks, from the bottom to the top at a glance. But in fact, in practice, problems always arise, a person has to face a lot of new problems, from another dimension, the understanding of fish liver disease is like digging things, only by digging the upper layer, to know what the lower layer is.

How to scientifically diagnose the diagnosis?

As mentioned earlier, through the color to judge liver disease, there are many doubtful places, to scientific diagnosis, of course, liver slices, but fish disease testing to let farmers wait for a day or two before prescribing, time is not allowed. The best way here is to dissect the size, shape and texture of the liver through consultation, to help determine whether liver disease is the root cause of dead fish.

Symptom 1

Liver is the largest digestive gland of fish, but different fish livers have a corresponding proportion of liver size, if the edges of the liver are found to be thin, the texture becomes hard, it will be accompanied by smaller liver volume, weight reduction, when sliced will find cell volume reduction, cytoplasm dense, nuclei concentrated, staining will find darker color. Assisted examination of thinning of the intestinal wall and intestinal atrophy can confirm the diagnosis of atrophic liver disease.

Symptoms 2

The liver size of fish is proportional to the size of the fish body, and empirically, when it is found that the liver of a fish exceeds its normal size, it may be hepatomegaly. If the diagnosis is to be further confirmed, it can be sliced, and it can be found that the liver cells are larger than usual, the sectional bulge appears, the intracellular structure is blurred, the edges of the cells are turned outward, and a large number of fine particles appear in the cytoplasm.

Symptom 3

Fatty liver, the liver is an organ that produces bile, bile acid is an important component of bile, plays an important role in fat metabolism, when the liver is overloaded with bile for a long time, can not have enough bile acid to deemulsify fat, will occur fatty liver, fatty liver fish, often darker body color, loose scales, easy to fall off, according to severity, especially serious often not bad transportation, and accompanied by a decline in food intake, bait coefficient increase, growth slowdown and other phenomena, often and bacterial gills concurrent, dissection of such fish, Liver fatization, color is not uniform, the appearance of spotted liver, some show earth yellow, yellow-brown, etc., the diagnosis can be confirmed by sectioning, a large number of vacuoles in liver cells are found, and lipid lesions appear.

Symptoms 4

Hepatitis, the liver of fish is also immune function, and is the largest reticuloendothelial cell phagocytic system in the body, which has the effect of engulfing, isolating and eliminating antigens. In fish disease examination, when it is found that there are red spots in the liver, this is inflammation, which may be caused by bacteria or aseptic inflammation. Through the susceptibility test, on the sterile operating table, the visceral membrane of the liver is cut with an inoculation needle, the bacteria are inoculated into a Petri dish for culture, and the targeted sensitive drugs are selected according to the results of the drug susceptibility.

Medication recommendations for hepatobiliary disease

For the use of hepatobiliary disease, the first three can add hepatoprotective Chinese medicines, such as skullcap, yellow cedar, large green leaf, fungus Chen, banlan root, poria, chai hu, emulsified fat bile acid can also be added. But if it is inflammation, it is also necessary to use antibiotics to fight inflammation. According to years of experience, if the fish eat badly, most of them are liver problems, feed the feed reduction, appropriate use of strong liver products, and then the treatment effect will be much better.