Hu Shaohai
Hu Shaohai, formerly known as Zhenbi and scientific name Zhan'ao, was born on February 20, 1898 in Daixia Village, Yizhang County, Hunan Province, to a wealthy gentry family, his grandfather and father were powerful local gentlemen, and Hu Shaohai ranked fifth among his siblings. In 1921, he threw himself from Rong to a soldier in the Kuomintang Li Guozhu unit stationed in Jiahe County. Because of his combat tact and bravery, he made many achievements in battle, and was soon promoted to the commander of an independent battalion. In the early days of the first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, Hu Shaohai came to nanhua temple in Shaoguan, Guangdong Province, and entered the second phase of the "School of Martial Arts for Attacking the Hubei Army" sponsored by Cheng Qian. Here, he listened to the speeches of Zhou Enlai and other revolutionary volunteers, came into initial contact with Marxist theory, understood many revolutionary principles, and participated in the conquest of Wuchang and other battles in the Northern Expedition. After the April 12 counter-revolutionary coup, he took the opportunity to lead a part of the Hunan soldiers to break away from the troops and infiltrate the Hunan-Guangdong border during a mission. When he learned that Gao Jingshan, Yang Zida, and other leaders of the Yizhang County CPC Committee were also hiding in this area, he actively sought them out, and after getting in touch, he handed over his team to the Communist Party without hesitation.
At the end of 1927, Zhu De and Chen Yi led part of the Nanchang Uprising team to the Border of Hunan and Guangdong under the banner of "140 Regiment of the Forty-seventh Division of the Sixteenth Army of the National Revolutionary Army". Yang Zida and Hu Shaohai went to greet them in early January 1928, and then acted as guides to lead Zhu De and Chen Yi's troops into Yizhang County through Yangjiazhai in Ruyuan County. During the Nianguan rebellion held by Zhu De and Chen Yi, Hu Shaohai, as the deputy regimental commander of the "140th Regiment of the Forty-seventh Division of the Sixteenth Army of the National Revolutionary Army" and the "Fifth Young Master of the Hu Family," who is well known to the squires, led two companies of "advance detachments of the Nationalist Army" into Yizhang City on the 11th. The next day, Zhu De, alias Wang Kai, led a large group of people and horses to Yizhang as the regimental commander, and at the banquet, he swept away the main military and political figures in Yizhang County. After outwitting Yizhang, Hu Shaohai was introduced by Gao Jingshan and was recruited as a member of the Communist Party of China. The insurrectionary forces were reorganized into the "First Division of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army", with Zhu De as the division commander and Chen Yi as the party representative. The Yizhang County Peasant Army, which participated in the uprising, was temporarily organized as the Red Guards, commanded by Hu Shaohai.
The fire of the Yizhang Nianguan rebellion soon spread to more than 20 counties in southern Hunan and northern Guangdong. After Chiang Kai-shek heard the news, Xu Kexiang, commander of the Second Independent Division stationed in northern Guangdong, led the troops of the 6 regiments under his command to pounce on Yizhang. Hu Shaohai led the Red Guards to cooperate with the revolutionary army in attacking Yanquanwei and capturing Pingshi, the garrison of Xu Kexiang's division, and won one victory after another. At the beginning of February, Zhu De and Chen Yi organized the Yizhang Peasant Army into the "Third Independent Regiment of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army", with Hu Shaohai as the regimental commander. Soon, the Independent Third Regiment was expanded into the Third Division, with Hu Shaohai as the division commander. In April, the First Division led by Zhu De and Chen Yi and the Third and Seventh Divisions led by Hu Shaohai and Deng Yunting arrived at Ninggang City one after another to meet the Autumn Harvest Uprising forces led by Mao Zedong. In May, Hu Shaohai was appointed commander of the 29th Regiment of the 10th Division of the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army and was elected as a member of the Military Commission of the Fourth Army. He participated in the struggle to open up the Revolutionary Base Area of Jinggangshan. At the end of May 1928, Chiang Kai-shek mobilized the strength of 14 regiments of three divisions in xianggan and gansu provinces to carry out the first "joint suppression" on Jinggangshan, And Hu Shaohai accepted the task of leading the 29th regiment and the 1st battalion of the 31st regiment to meet the enemy army at Xinqixiling, and together with the direct troops led by Zhu De, directly attacked the enemy at Longyuankou and successfully broke the first "joint suppression" of the enemy army in Xianggan. The great victory at Longyuankou enabled Hu Shaohai to grasp Mao Zedong's strategy and tactics in actual combat, learned a lot of valuable combat experience from Zhu De, and gradually grew into an excellent commander of the Red Army.
The Fourth Column of the Red Fourth Army announced
In March 1929, Mao Zedong and Zhu De led the Red Fourth Army into Fujian for the first time, entering the four capitals of Changting, and the rear troops launched a general attack on the Guo Fengming Brigade in Changling Village in three ways. Hu Shaohai led the first battalion of the Twenty-eighth Regiment to march to the right side of Changling Village. In this battle, the Red Army annihilated more than 2,000 enemy troops, and guo Fengming, the commander of the enemy brigade, was killed by the Red Army, which took advantage of the victory to liberate the city of Tingzhou and the surrounding countryside. During the recuperation period in Tingzhou, the Red Fourth Army was reorganized, and the first, second, and third columns were established, and Hu Shaohai was appointed commander of the second column. In mid-May, the Red Fourth Army re-entered Fujian to attack Longyan, and the second column was tasked with a roundabout attack. At dawn on May 23, Hu Shaohai led his troops through Jingyuan, Shantang, and Tongbao, and quickly occupied the hill outside the north gate of Longyan and controlled the commanding heights to conquer Longyan City in one fell swoop. After that, the Red Fourth Army and the second Kelongyan. On June 19, the Red Fourth Army learned that the main force of the enemy Chen Guohui's brigade had withdrawn from Guangdong to Longyan, so it launched a third attack on Longyan. Hu Shaohai led the second column to break through the west gate and directly attack the enemy county government and Chen Guohui's brigade headquarters. After half a day of fierce fighting, the Red Army conquered Longyan City for the third time, and this battle annihilated more than 2,000 people in 5 battalions of Chen Guohui's brigade.
In the second battle of the Red Fourth Army's entry into Fujian, Hu Shaohai resolutely carried out the orders of Mao Zedong and Zhu De, and repeatedly took on important military tasks. He commanded Ruoding, took the lead as a soldier, and made great achievements in the creation of the revolutionary base area in western Fujian.
In mid-July 1929, the Former Committee of the Fourth Red Army, in accordance with the requirements of the Minxi Special Committee, sent Hu Shaohai, Tan Zhenlin, Deng Yigang and others to assist in the formation of the local Red Army in western Fujian. In September, on the basis of the armed forces of the Longyan, Yongding, and Shanghang rebellions, the Fourth Column of the Red Fourth Army was formed, and Hu Shaohai, who had just participated in the conquest of "Tieshanghang", was transferred to the commander of the Fourth Column.
At the end of September, Mao Zedong went from Yongding to Shanghang, and Hu Shaohai dutifully did a good job in Mao Zedong's security work. Under the leadership of Hu Shaohai, after several months of fighting and training, the Red Fourth Column has markedly improved its combat effectiveness, strict military discipline, and has committed no crimes against the people, and has been deeply praised by the people of western Fujian.
At the end of December 1929, Hu Shaohai attended the Ninth Congress of the Red Fourth Army of the Communist Party of China in Shanghang Gutian, where he was greatly inspired and educated. Hu Shaohai is a man of integrity and humility, and his frank words and deeds have greatly enhanced the unity between officers and men.
In January 1930, in order to crush the Kuomintang's "three provincial capitals", Hu Shaohai led the fourth column to gannan and crossed hundreds of miles, opening up a new situation in Fujian, Guangdong and Gansu. In mid-June, the Fourth Column, the First Column of the Red Twelfth Army that remained in western Fujian, and the Red Guards regiments in various counties were merged into the Red Twenty-first Army, with Hu Shaohai as the commander and Deng Zihui as the political commissar. In July, Hu Shaohai carried out the orders of the Soviet government in western Fujian, and led the Red Twenty-first Army to first carry out the task of eliminating bandits and militia groups in the Soviet area, consolidating Soviet power, and relieving the worries of the expedition to the East River. He successively led the Red Twenty-first Army out of the remote mountainous areas of Longyan, such as Meicun, Xikou, Baisha, Yanshi, Yanshan, and Zhongtian and Yongfu in Zhangping, and crossed the mountains and mountains to eliminate Liu Liebo and other reactionary armed forces and bandits.
Unwilling to accept defeat, the Yongfu landlord moved from Anxi to zhan Fangzhen, a famous bandit in southern Fujian, to retake Yongfu and harass longches and threaten Longyan. In order to crush the enemy's attack and defend the fruits of the victory of the agrarian revolution in western Fujian, Hu Shaohai led the Red Twenty-first Army and local armed forces, and the soldiers violently attacked Zhan Fangzhen's troops in two ways, and after continuous fighting, they uprooted the enemy's strongholds around Yongfu and drove the remnants of the enemy into Yongfu Ruins. On August 5, Zhan Fangzhen retreated to the Catholic Church and the Creekside Artillery Tower, and Hu Shaohai calmly commanded the soldiers, who were unfortunately seriously wounded in the battle and died heroically at the age of 32.