(Volume 30)
Introduction to this section: This section updates the last name
Related to the investigation of Jing You Quan Lu
Guan's totem interpretation
【Interpretation】 Guan, the original meaning is the door latch.
Ancestor of the surname: Guan Longfeng (chancellor of the last year of the Xia Dynasty)
Ancestral land: Luancheng, Hebei
Gunwangtang Number: Longxi, Bohai; Wushengtang, Zhongyitang
Today's ranking/population: 134th place/ about 1.5 million
Song Dynasty Hundred Family Names Ranking: Ranked 394th
【Origin】The Surname Guan is mainly derived from: Dong surname, Ji surname
1. Derived from the surname Dong, from the ancient Emperor Shun period dragon breeding master Dong Father, belongs to the ancestral name as the clan. According to the historical records "Surname Source" and "Tongzhi Surname Sketch", there was a descendant of Dong Shu'an, who was good at raising dragons, and called horses "dragons" in ancient times. Dong Shu'an's son was named Dong Father, who was responsible for raising dragons during the reign of Emperor Shun, and was given the title of Fenglong Clan. In ancient times, the words "豢" and "關" were homophonous, so they were later written as Guan Longshi. Among the descendants of Father Dong, there are many people who take the ancestral title as a surname, called the Dragon Clan and the Guan Long Clan, and the later provincial simplified and derived into a single surname, the Guan Clan and the Dragon Clan, which have been passed down from generation to generation and are one of the very ancient surnames. Among the people of the Guanlong clan, there was a famous figure named Guan Longyi, who was a doctor during the reign of Xia Jie at the end of the Xia Dynasty, and was once enfeoffed in Hebeiyi in the Yellow River for his merits, so history called his place "Guanyi". It was not until the 20th year of the Spring and Autumn Period of the Zhou Ding King Ji Yu (587 BC), the Chinese marshal of the Jin Dynasty, Zhengqing Luanshu, was sealed in Guanyi, and Guanyi was renamed "Luanyi", which is the city of Luan in present-day Hebei Province.
Among the descendants of Guan Longqi, there are those who take the name of their ancestors as their surnames, called Guan Shi and Kui Shi, which have been passed down from generation to generation, and their Guan clan history is called authentic. The correct pronunciation of this branch is guān (ㄍㄨㄢ). Most of the people of the Guan clan revere Guan Longqi as the ancestor of the surname.
2. Derived from the surname Ji, from the Spring and Autumn Period Zhou royal master Yin Xi, belongs to the official title as a clan. According to the historical book "Customs and Customs", during the Spring and Autumn Period, the Eastern Zhou royal master Yin Xi served as Guan Ling (present-day Lingbao, Henan) in the military town of Hangu Guan, and the world called him "Guan Yin Xi and Guan Yin Ling". Some scholars believe that "Yin" is the official name of the first-class local administrator during the Zhou Dynasty, "Xi" is a personal name, the real name should be Ji Xi, or Ji Xi, and his official position is Yin, responsible for shouhanguguan, so the history is called "Guan Yinxi". According to legend, when the Taoist ancestor Lao Tzu Li Nian traveled out of the customs, he was touched by Guan Yinxi's warm hospitality, so he wrote the famous Taoist True Classics for him 5,000 words. Guan Yinxi transcribed this text as the Tao Te Ching after it was disseminated to the world, and also abandoned the official to follow LaoZi to learn the Tao. Later, Guan Yinxi also became a fairy, and feathered and flew away.
Among the descendants of Guan Yinxi and the clansmen, there are many people who take the official title of the ancestor as a surname, called guan yin and guan yang, and later the provincial simplified and derived into a single surname Guan and Yin, which have been passed down from generation to generation. The correct pronunciation of this branch is guān (ㄍㄨㄢ).
3. Originating from the official position, from the Spring and Autumn Period yue official Guan Bow, it belongs to the clan with the official title. Guan Bow, that is, archers, is the Spring and Autumn Period of the Yue State to use bows and arrows as the main weapon of the army, its commander is called "Guan Bow", divided into all levels of military system. In the classic "Ji Yun", it is recorded: "Holding a bow Guan Yaya. In the historical book "Zuo Chuan Zhao Gong Twenty-one Years", it is recorded: "The leopard will be guan yi." Off, lead the bow. Mencius in the Warring States period recorded in the book "Mencius": "The Yue people close the bow and shoot it." ”
Among the descendants of Guan Gong, there are those who take the title of the ancestral official as a surname, called the Guan Gong clan, and the later provincial text is simplified and derived into a single surname Guan Clan and The Bow Clan, which has been passed down from generation to generation. Note that only the correct pronunciation of this branch is not guān (ㄍㄨㄢ), but wān (ㄨㄢ).
4. Originating from the official position, from the Official Guanjin in the Western Zhou Dynasty, it belongs to the clan with the title of official. Guanjin was a full-time entry and exit checkpoint for market goods in the Spring and Autumn Period, which was under the jurisdiction of the Prefectural Government Department, and its ranks were similar to today's customs officials. In the classic book "Zhou Li Di Guan Si Guan", it is recorded: "Guan Jin, Si Guan is in charge of the festival of domestic goods. To link stores. ”
Among the descendants of Guanjin, there are those who take the title of the ancestor official as a surname, called the Guanjin clan, and the later provincial text is simplified and derived into a single surname, Guan and Jin, which have been passed down from generation to generation. The correct pronunciation of this branch is guān (ㄍㄨㄢ).
5. Originating from the official position, from the Shang and Zhou period officials Guanren, belonging to the official title as a clan. Guanren is the title of an official who existed during the Shang Dynasty, that is, an official who is full-time in charge of the noble cemetery, mostly filled by the family members of the tomb owner. In ancient times, "guan" meant tomb doors. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, the office of Guanren was under the jurisdiction of the Chunguan Official, who was also responsible for inspecting the tombs of the kings of previous dynasties to prevent theft and excavation. This is recorded in the classic book "Zhou Li Chunguan Towel Car": "And the tomb, Qi Qi Guan Chen Che." Close, tomb door also. ”
Among the descendants of the Guan people, there are those who take the title of the ancestor official as a surname, called the Guan ren clan, and the later provincial text is simplified to a single surname Guan clan, which has been passed down from generation to generation. The correct pronunciation of this branch is guān (ㄍㄨㄢ).
6. Originating from the official position, from the official Guan Kong in the Western Zhou Dynasty, it belongs to the clan with the official title. Guankong, actually a term for a military craftsman, was originally drilled in the irony of axes, cymbals and other weapons in order to be tied to wooden handles. After the late Western Zhou Dynasty, with the continuous progress of the metal smelting process, the guankong was gradually changed to be responsible for forging bronze, denier and steel in the blade of axe and plutonium weapons, making these weapons sharper and durable. Guankong is under the jurisdiction of the Winter Government Department. In the classic book "Zhou Li Dongguan Cheren", it is recorded: "Guan Kong, the first six inches, is said to be the axe of the present Moment." When the axe is close to the blade, it is made of rigid iron. And close the hole with the handle. ”
Among the descendants of Guan Kong, there are those who take the title of the ancestor official as a surname, called Guan Kong, and the later provincial text is simplified into a single surname Guan and Kong, which have been passed down from generation to generation. The correct pronunciation of this branch is guān (ㄍㄨㄢ).
7. Derived from the surname Ji, from the Spring and Autumn Period of the Jin Dynasty, The Grand Master of the State of Jin, Dongguan Wanwu, belongs to the clan name of the ancestor Fengyi. In the historical book "Dialectics of Ancient and Modern Surname Books", it is recorded: "Dongguan, after the fifth of the Jin Dynasty. Han General Beiting Hou Dong Guanyi". He was one of the most favored doctors during the reign of Ji Youzhu , the Duke of Jin ( 676 BC – 651 BC ) , and was enfeoffed in the capital city of Dongguan , hence the title of "Dongguan Wu" in history. This Dongguan Shuowu is the source of the satirical mantra of the "Second Five-Year Plan" that has been passed down through the ages.
Among the descendants of Dongguan Huanwu, there are those who take the name of the ancestor's feudal name as a surname, called Dongguan clan, which has been passed down from generation to generation, until the Han Dynasty, and there is also the great general Beiting Hou Dongguanyi, who is the descendant of Dongguan Shuowu. Among the people of the Dongguan clan, most of the later provincial texts were simplified to a single surname of Guanshi and Dongshi, which have been passed down from generation to generation. The correct pronunciation of this branch is guān (ㄍㄨㄢ).
8. Originating from other ethnic minorities, it belongs to the Sinicization and change the surname to a surname. Among the ethnic minorities such as the Tujia, Zhuang, and Hui ethnic groups, there are all related clans. Most of its sources are in the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties of the central government to implement the policy of bondage and the reform of the land to return to the stream, the flow changed to the Han surname Guan, which has been passed down from generation to generation.
9. Originating from the Xibe tribe, it belongs to the Sinicization and change the surname to a surname. The Xibe Guarjia clan, Manchu for Korgia Mongu, is one of the most ancient surnames in the northeast region, with a large number of people, including the Xibe people formed by the xianbei in ancient Liaoxi, the Manchus formed by the Haixi Jurchens, as well as the Mongolian, Hezhe, Orunchun and other ethnic groups, and even the Han people, all of which had this clan in a very early period. Generally speaking, the core area of his surname formation was in the Ningguta region (present-day Ning'an, Heilongjiang), and later dispersed to various places. According to different regions, the Guarjia clan has branches such as the Suquan Guarjia clan, the Suquan Niguarjia clan, the Antu Guarjia clan, the Yehe guarjia clan, the Wula guarjia clan, etc. After the Manchu Qing Entering the Customs, many branches such as the Fengcheng Guarjia clan and the Jinzhou Guarjia clan were also produced. There are four main branches of the Guarjia clan: the Ninguta region is mainly Susu Mongu, Hanyi "purple"; the Sino-Korean border area is mainly Sungjan Mongu, Hanyi "white"; Koskja Mongu, Hanyi "Qing"; Oshja Mongu, Hanyi "yellow". The Guarjia clan later merged with Kitar Hala and Nimaci Hala to form a special tribal group, Kojail-Mandu, which used pigs and sheep for sacrifice. During the Ming Dynasty for hundreds of years, the former clan gave birth to an Ara Hala, which later became Han Chinese.
Among the Xibe, Manchu, Mongolian, Hezhe, and Orunchun ethnic groups, the vast majority of people believe that the Han meaning of this surname is "pass, pass", and after the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the Guarjia clan has a multi-crowned Han surname as Guan. The correct pronunciation of the Guan clan of the Xibe clan is guān (ㄍㄨㄢ).
10. Originating from the Hezhe clan, it belongs to the Sinicization and changed its surname to a surname. According to the historical book "Qing Dynasty Tongzhi Clan Luo Manchuria Eight Banners Surname", the Hezhe clan Huxi Hali clan, also known as the Hush Khali clan, Huksha Hari clan, with the land as the clan, the ancestral residence of Hu Xi Hari (northeast of present-day Ning'an, Heilongjiang), Ilan Fertaha (now 250 kilometers southwest of Jilin City), three surnames (present-day Heilongjiang Yilan) and other places, later Manchu, Xibe as surnames, Manchu husihari Hala.
After the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the Hezhe, Manchu, and Xibe tribes huxihali clan had many crown Han surnames of Guan, Hua, Hu, and Hu. The correct pronunciation of the Guan clan of the Hezhe clan is guān (ㄍㄨㄢ).
Xiang's totem interpretation
【Interpretation】 Phase, meaning is a closer look. Zhou Yi said: "The only thing that is considerable on the ground is the trees." "The oracle bone of the photo character is the upper and lower structure. The tree is on top and the eyes are down, which means that human beings are carefully "phased" trees.
Ancestor of the surname: Emperor Xiang (grandson of Xia Qi)
Ancestral places: Luyi, Shangqiu, Puyang, Henan
Gunwangtang No.: Xihe, Bajun, Tendai;
Today's ranking/population: 347th/about 170,000
Song version of the hundred family names in order: 396th
【Origin】The surname is mainly derived from: the surname of Zi, the surname of Ji, and the surname of Ji
Phase [phase, pronounced xiāng (ㄒㄧㄤ), can also be pronounced xiàng (ㄒㄧㄤˋ)]. In the Xia Dynasty, there was an emperor named Xiang, and his descendants branched out, and some of them took the ancestral name as a surname. The other surname of Xiang came from the sub-surname, the Shang King Hejia lived in Xiangdi, and later moved the capital elsewhere, and those who still lived in Xiangdi took Xiang as their surname. Xiang Rong was a famous lexicographer of the Jin Dynasty. Xiang Shifang was a Ming Dynasty scribe, who became an official after being a jinshi and was good at poetry.
Xiāng read the Xiang clan of the first sound, according to the "Family Tree", the Xiang clan of Shangqiu in Henan was a descendant of the Shang Emperor Xiangtu. Xiang Tu, the tenth clan of Shang Tang, is said to be the inventor of the carriage.
Xiàng read the fourth sound of the Xiang clan, according to the "Tongzhi * Clan Sketch", the Later Han Dynasty's Wuluoshan produced four major surnames, the second is the Xiang clan, the ancient city of Yin, Yindi is based on the land as a surname, that is, one of the four surnames of Wuluo Zhonglishan.
1. It is derived from the surname of Ji, from the descendants of Pangu in ancient times, and belongs to the clan name of the ancestral emperor. Ran Xiangshi, a figure in ancient myths and legends, inherited the essence of the Yellow Emperor's rule of Taoism and inaction, and later he succeeded Ji Yi as the emperor of the Huaxia clan and managed the country very well. After the death of ran Xiangshi, it was designated that the Rongcheng clan would succeed to the throne. Zhuang Zhou, a famous thinker of the Warring States period, recounted in the book "Zhuangzi Zashu Zeyang": "Ran Xiangshi obtained its ring to follow, and there was no end to things, no beginning, and few times. The day and the materialized, the one who does not transform, taste and give up! If a husband is a teacher but not a teacher, and everything is martyred, what do he think is the same? The saints have not begun to have heaven, have not begun to have people, have not begun to have a beginning, have no beginning, have not begun to have things, and they have not been replaced, and what they have done is not to be broken, and what is the combination of them? Tang de was given the title of Fu Zhi by Yin Dengheng, the Imperial Gate of the Imperial Gate, and was not confined to the teacher; he was given his name; he was given his name; and his name was won by his two views. Jonny's best thoughts, for it. Rong Chengshi said: "Except for the day and ageless, there is no inside and no outside". ”
Among the descendants of the Ran Xiang clan, the earliest Xiang clan and the Ran clan were born, which are surnamed after the ancestral emperor and have been passed down from generation to generation, and are one of the very ancient surnames. The correct pronunciation of the branch is xiāng (ㄒㄧㄤ).
2. It is derived from the surname of Ji, from the descendants of the xia dynasty royal family, and belongs to the clan with the ancestral name as the name. The Xia Dynasty had an emperor, and among the descendants of his descendants, some of them took the name of their ancestors as their surname, called Xiang. In ancient times, the fifth monarch of the Xia Dynasty was named Ji Xiang, the son of The Xia King Ji Zhongkang, known in history as The Xia Emperor Xiang, who ruled from about 2005 BC to 1978 BC, and was buried in Xiangling in present-day Puyang City, Henan Province.
Among the descendants of Emperor Xia, there are those who take the ancestral name as a surname, called Xiangshi, which has been passed down from generation to generation and is one of the very old surnames. The correct pronunciation of the branch is xiāng (ㄒㄧㄤ).
3. Derived from the surname of the son, from the fiefdom of the Shang Dynasty royal family Heqijia, belonging to the name of Juyi as a clan. During the Shang Dynasty, the twelfth monarch Shang Wai Nongfa reigned (reigned from 1473 BC to 1459 BC), and sealed his sons in Xiangdi (present-day Huangbocheng Township, Henan, in present-day western Anyang, Henan), so it was also called Xiangtu. Later, Zi Zhen succeeded to the throne in 1458 BC as the thirteenth monarch of Shanghe. During the reign of Shanghe Qijia, the Shang Dynasty declined again, and he once moved the capital to his original fiefdom, built Xiangcheng, and later sent troops to conquer the Lan and Banfang in the southeast. Shanghe Died in 1450 BC, succeeded by his son Teng, a famous Ancestor of Shangzhong, who buried his father in Xiangcheng, then moved the capital again to Xing (present-day Xingtai, Hebei) in the north, and later to Yupi (present-day Yutai, Shandong).
After Emperor Zhongzong of Shang moved the capital again, the Shang people who stayed in the original Xiangcheng took the name of the old capital as their surname, called the Xiang clan, which has been passed down from generation to generation. The correct pronunciation of the branch is xiàng (ㄒㄧㄤˋ).
4. Originating from the official position, from the Western Zhou Dynasty priest Fang Xiang clan, it belongs to the clan with the official title. The Fang Xiang clan is the grandmother of the ancient Yellow Emperor, who once made the concubine Fang Xiangshi. The mother-in-law is extremely ugly in appearance, like the god of exorcising ghosts from the plague, so there is a legend that the mother-in-law is the god of the plague, and gradually become an important deity in the ancient ritual system, specializing in ceremonies and funerals. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, Fang Xiangshi was one of the three priests, in charge of exorcising demons in the process of rituals. With the evolution of history, the social status of the Fang Xiang clan was gradually reduced in the imperial court ceremonies of successive dynasties, and then it became the official title of the scattered samurai, which was under the jurisdiction of sima of the Xia official's official palace, and there were four mad men under his command. In the classic "Zhou Li", it is recorded: "Sima Xiaguan belonged to the Fang Xiang clan, and there were four crazy husbands. Fang Xiang, the old note is a frightening appearance. The so-called scattered samurai are samurai without titles, then called "mad men", there are four people, highly skilled in martial arts, and they are selected from among the samurai in the country. The madman is dressed in bear skin, wears a mask on his head, has four eyes cast of gold, a dark coat, a vermilion coat, and a shield to lead the people. In large-scale ceremonial activities, the madman is responsible for expelling the plague ghosts and spirits, and usually guards the zongmiao temple full-time.
Among the descendants of the Fang Xiang clan, there are those who take the title of the ancestor official as a surname, called the Fang Xiang clan, and the later provincial text is simplified and derived into a single surname Xiang clan and Fang clan, which have been passed down from generation to generation.
5. Originating from the official position, from the Western Zhou Dynasty priest Feng Xiangshi, it belongs to the clan with the official title. The Feng Xiang clan, also known as the Chengxiang clan, was originally one of the three priests of the Western Zhou Dynasty, who was in charge of the heavens, the sun, the moon, the stars, and the great sacrifices of the kings, and was also responsible for the years. With the gradual understanding of the natural world, Feng Xiangshi later became a full-time official who observed and recorded astronomy and celestial phenomena, and was under the jurisdiction of the Taishi Ling of the Chunguan Official's Office, with subordinates such as sergeants, corporals, and subordinates such as fu, shi, and disciples. In the classic "Zhou Li", it is recorded: "The Chunguan belonged to the Feng Xiang clan, and there were two sergeants, four corporals, and members of the government, history, and disciples. In the classic book "Zhou Li Chunguan Feng Xiangshi", it is also recorded: "Feng Xiangshi is ten years old, ten has two months, ten has two days, ten days, and twenty-eight stars, and discerns its narrative to meet the heavenly position." "The division of time is progressive in twelve, twelve years in one age, twelve months in one year, twelve hours in one day. In the classic book "Chinese Jin Yu IV", it is also recorded: "Twenty-five sons of the Yellow Emperor, fourteen of whom received the surname, twelve surnames." Even tianzi's wives and concubines have the saying of "twelve daughters", so it is explained in the historical book "Later Han Shu Xun Shuang Biography": "Therefore, the son of heaven married twelve wives, and the number of heavens was also; the princes below each had equal differences, and the things fell." Among the descendants of the Feng Xiang clan in successive dynasties, there are those who take the title of the ancestor official as the surname, called Feng Xiangshi, Multiply Xiang Clan, and PingXiang Clan, and later the provincial text is simplified into single surnames Xiangshi, Fengshi, Chengshi, and Pingshi, which have been passed down from generation to generation.
It should be noted that the surname of this branch is complex and cannot be discussed, and the correct pronunciation is xiāng (ㄒㄧㄤ); while the single surnames Feng, Multiplication, and Pingshi formed by the Feng Xiangshi are pronounced as píng (ㄆㄧㄥˊ).
6. Derived from the surname Ji, from the Cuban people and their leader Liu Jun, belonging to the ancestral name as a clan. In the historical book "Tongzhi Clan Sketch", it is recorded: "Xiang Clan, go to the sound, also make a flat sound." <; Hanshu >; 曰: Wuluoshan has four surnames, the second of which is the Xiang clan. Yao Qin has Xiangyun: as a hunter of virtue, Shiju Feng Yi. Look out over the West River. The Xiang clan described in it is one of the four surnames of the ancient Wuluo ZhongliShanba people, and the so-called "Southwest Man" in the history books of the Qin and Han Dynasties refers to the Cuban people and the ancient Shu people. Liu Jun, the first leader of the ancient Ba people, has the surname of Ba, named Kun Wu Xiang, also known as Ba Wu Xiang. Ba is a surname of Ji,one of the Jianghan Zhuji,originating from the Zhou ethnic group, which is different from the Citrus (Wuxi Man, Ban Yan Man) of the descendants of the Jiang surname Pan Ou. Legend has it that once the Pakistani people have been in trouble, the white tiger will appear to care for the people, so the totem worshipped by the Pakistani people is the white tiger. Subsequently, many people in Pakistan took the name and surname of Kun Wuxiang as their family name, called Xiangshi, which has been passed down from generation to generation and is one of the very old surnames.
From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the present, the original people in the Tujia family have claimed to be descendants of the Emperor Kun Wuxiang, so there are still ancient Xiang clans that have been passed down from generation to generation. The correct pronunciation of the branch is xiāng (ㄒㄧㄤ).
7. Originating from the official position, from the Phase of the State of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period, it belongs to the clan with the title of official. "Xiang", originally an official name, and "elephant", is the first official position set up by the "Lord of Zhongxing" of the State of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period (reigned from 547 BC to 489 BC), taking the meaning of "auxiliary phase of heaven and earth, with the meaning of the country in the phase". The Duke of Qi Jing first had two "phases", divided into left and right phases, who were the highest auxiliary officials of the Qi royal family, that is, the left and right hands of the monarch. In the historical book "History of the Qi Shijia", it is recorded: "Jing Gongli, with Cui Zhu as the right phase and Qingfeng as the left phase. Later, the Duke of Qi Jing changed his name to Xianchen Yan Bao as the single minister of state, making the already declining State of Qi strong again and dominating for a time. Since then, various princely states and even the Zhou royal family have followed suit. Later generations specifically refer to the prime minister, who is in charge of major affairs and important affairs of the military and the country, who commands hundreds of officials and oversees the subordinate countries, which is called "under one person, above ten thousand people", just like the prime ministers, prime ministers, and secretaries of state of various countries in the world today. It should be noted that since qi jing set up the official appearance, the historians have correspondingly called the most important assistant ministers of the monarchs of the previous dynasties in history, and there is actually no official title of "phase" in history before that. During the two-week period, the monarch worshiped Xiang as if he were a king, so "Xiang" was also called "Xiang Wang", and after worshipping Xiang, Xiang was respected by the princes and the manchu courtiers. With the emergence of phases, the titles of their official positions in various princely states are not the same, but they are similar, and the princely states in the north are mostly called Xiang, Zaixiang, Xiangguo, Xiangbang, Xiangjun, Xiangmu, Xiangwang, etc., and some princely states in Jiangnan are called Elephants, Zaixiang, Elephant Kingdoms, Elephant States, Elephant States, Elephant Kings, Elephant Kings, etc., and the kingdoms have phases regardless of size. Among the descendants of Xiang, Xiang, Xiangguo, Xiangbang, Xiangjun, Xiangmu, Xiangwang, Xiangxiang, Xiangxiang, Xiangxiang, Xiangxiang, Xiangguo, Xiangbang, Xiangxiang, Xiangjun, Xiangmu, Xiangwang, etc., there are all those who take the title of the ancestral official as their surname, called Xiangshi, or Xiangshi, which is passed down from generation to generation. The correct pronunciation of the branch is xiàng (ㄒㄧㄤˋ). Like the fourth source, the lineage of the clan is complex and cannot be discussed. For example, during the Song and Jin dynasties, there was a Nahe tribe in the Jurchen clan, that is, the Nahata clan in the later Manchu and Evenk tribes, the Manchu language was Nahaata Hala, and the clan gave birth to a celebrity in the Jin Dynasty, called Nahe Chunnian (Nahe Uye), who invented and created the Jurchen script, which was deeply respected by the Jurchen people and the King of Jinhailing, Wanyan Liang, and later worshiped Zuo Cheng Xiang during the reign of The Xianjun Jin Shizong (reigned 1161~1189 AD), known as a generation of sages. Among the descendants of Nahe Chunnian, most of them are called Chinese surnames with their official titles, called Xiang clans, which have been passed down from generation to generation and are the source of the Manchu Xiang clan.
Another example: Genghis Khan's sixth ancestor Hai had a grandson, Choronar, who formed the Choronar clan, and his descendants took Choronar as their surname. During the reign of Emperor Chengzong of the Yuan Dynasty (1295-1307 AD), a high official of the Huiluo Na'er clan was named Hu Na'er Hala Hasun, an official of the Yuan Dynasty, and the right minister of Zhongshu, who was in charge of the affairs of Zhongshu Province. Among the descendants of The Descendants of Hunar Khalahasun, there are those who use the title of ancestor official as a Sinicized surname, called Xiangshi, which has been passed down from generation to generation and is the source of the Mongol Xiang clan.
The other Xiang clan is related to the Xiang clan.
Get the surname Ancestor
Emperor Xia (姒相), Shanghe Qijia (子整), 廪君 (崐務相, Bawuxiang), Nahe Chunnian (Nahe Ukye), and Chu Na'er Halahasun.
Chad's totem interpretation
【Interpretation】 Zha, Tong hawthorn, tongqi, that is, hawthorn. The name of a fruit tree. Take the hawthorn tree as a totem.
Ancestors of the surname: Cha Yan, Duke of Qi (Monarch of the State of Qi)
Ancestral place: Zibo, Shandong
Gunwangtang number: Jiyang, Qijun, Hailing; Qingrongtang
Current ranking/population: 172nd place/about 1 million
Song version of the hundred family names in order: 397th
【Origin】The surname Zha is mainly derived from: Ji surname, Qi surname
The surname Cha is one of the Chinese surnames. Because of the Surname Of Ji, which belonged to the Han surname, during the Reign of King Hui of The Spring and Autumn Zhou (reigned 676 BC - 652 BC), Ji Yan, a descendant of Bo Yan (姬) and the son of duke Lu Zhuang of the State of Lu (in present-day Shandong), was made a Viscount of the Huan clan, and was fed in Chayi (ancient composition "樝邑", which belonged to Jiyang), because of the name of the land. Cha Yan (号東安) is the ancestor of the Cha clan.
Cha [查、柤, pronounced zhā (㞢ㄚ), not pronounced chá(ㄔㄚˊ)]
1. Out of the surname of Ji, belonging to the Han surname, during the Spring and Autumn Zhou Huiwang (676 BC - 652 BC reign), the descendants of Bo Yan (Ji surname) and the son of the Duke of Luzhuang in the State of Lu (present-day Shandong) were made the Viscount of huan, and the food was collected in Chayi (ancient composition "樝邑", which belonged to Jiyang), because of the name of the land. Cha Yan (号東安) is the ancestor of the Cha clan.
2. Originating from the Jiang clan, a fief from the son of the Duke of Qi, a descendant of Emperor Yan in the Spring and Autumn Period, it belongs to the clan with the name of Fengyi. During the Spring and Autumn Period, during the reign of the Qi monarch Jiang Wuye (reigned from 598 BC to 582 BC), he gave one of his sons to Hawthorn (楂邑, in modern Jiyang, Shandong), which was rich in hawthorn. Among his descendants, there are those who use the name of the ancestor's fief as a surname, called hawthorn. Later, the wooden character was omitted, so it became the Cha clan, which has been passed down from generation to generation.
Most of the people of the Cha clan revere the Duke of Qi as the ancestor of the surname.
3. From the surname Qi. According to the "Surname Examination", in the Spring and Autumn Period, the Chu state had a gong clan doctor (the king of Chu was surnamed Mi) Who ate Yi (a variant of the ancient Cha character, so the site was in present-day Zhangxi, Hubei), and his descendants took Yi as their surname.
4. Derived from the surname Qi, it comes from the fiefdom of the princes of the Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period, and belongs to the clan with the name of Fengyi. During the Spring and Autumn Period, a doctor in the Chu state was assigned to Yuyi (柤邑; present-day Nanzhang, Hubei).
During the Spring and Autumn Period, because the name of his fief "柤" was also written "Cha", the two words were synonymous in that year, so he was also considered to be the fief of Chayi. Later, among his descendants, there were those who took the name of the ancestor Fengyi as their surname, called the Cha clan, the Yu clan, and the second clan Shiyi, which has been passed down from generation to generation.
5, derived from the hawthorn tree totem. Legend has it that one of the Dan people of the Yan Emperor used the hawthorn tree as a totem, so the world called it "Cha Ren". (According to legend, Jiyang Licheng was the land where the Yandi Dan bird tribe farmed, and the Dan bird clan lived in Jiyang and built the State of Qi.) At the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, King Wu of Zhou enfeoffed Jiang Shangyu Qi. "Cha Ren" is good at shipbuilding, qi Guo has the help of "Cha Ren", and the navigation industry is very developed. Qi Taigong Jiang Shang's main boat was profitable, moved the capital bogu, controlled the sea outlet, and profited from fish and salt, so the state of Qi was able to develop rapidly and became a great power in the east. ）
6. Originating from the Mongolian ethnic group, it belongs to the Sinicization and change the surname to a surname. According to the historical books "Qing Dynasty Tongzhi Clan Sketch Mongolian Eight Banners Surname" and "Qing Dynasty Tongzhi Clan Sketch Attached Mongolian Eight Flags Surname":
(1) The Mongol Guoerluo clan, also known as the Guoluoluo clan, originated from the descendants of the Huoluolasi clan during the Yuan Dynasty, who lived in Chamula (Chabuqile, present-day Zhaoyuan East Station, Heilongjiang), Zhanhe (present-day Shuangyang River Valley, Jilin), Chahar (in present-day Zhangjiakou, Hebei, including Hebei, Inner Mongolia Ulanchabu League, Xilin Gol League, part of Shanxi), Horqin (present-day Tongliao region in eastern Inner Mongolia, around western Jilin), and also had this surname in the Chahar Mongolian Nezazak department, with the clan as the clan. Later, there were Manchu citations as surnames, and the Manchu was Gorlos Hala. After the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the Mongol and Manchu Guoeros clans changed their Han surnames to Guo and Gao, and there were also people who took the consonant Chinese characters of "Chamula" as their surnames, called Cha, which has been passed down from generation to generation.
(2). The Chalit clan of the Mongol ethnic group, also known as the Zalit clan and the Zalechut clan, lived in Urat (present-day Hulunbuir Grassland, Inner Mongolia). Later, there were Manchu citations as surnames, the Manchu language was Jarit Hala, and the Han surnames were Cha, Tao, Qin, Za, etc.
(3). The Mongol Zalut clan, with the surname of the land, lived in Chahar (in the area of present-day Zhangjiakou, Hebei, including Hebei, Inner Mongolia Ulanchabu League, Xilin Gol League, and parts of Shanxi). Later, there were Manchu citations as surnames, Manchu as Jalut Hala, and most of the Han surnames were Cha.
7. Originating from the Manchus, it belongs to the Sinicization and changes the surname to a surname. According to the historical books "Eight Banners Manchurian Clan Genealogy" and "Qing Dynasty Tongzhi Clan Sketch Manchuria Eight Banners Surname":
(1). The Manchu Shala clan, also known as the Sagara clan, Manchu Sala Hala, lived in Varkha (now south from Changbai Mountain and north of the Tumen River, north of the Uzara region of the lower reaches of the Heilongjiang River, and east to the south of the Coastal Region of Russia) and other places, and later the Multi-Crown Han surnames were Sha, Bian, Cha, Cheng, Shan, Bai, and Xie.
(2). Manchu Chajia clan, Manchu cagiya hala, ancestors were originally Han, at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty was taken by the Liaodong Xianbei Wuhuan tribe and integrated into the Xianbei ethnic group, and then gradually evolved into the Liaodong Jurchen, becoming one of the Manchu surnames, the Manchu compatriots in the present-day Mongolian autonomous region of Hohhot have this clan, most of them changed their Han surnames to Liu, and a small number of ethnic groups called Cha.
(3). Manchu Manchu Clan, also known as Mancha Clan, Manchu Manja Hala, Shiju Yehe (present-day Lishuyehe Township, Jilin Province), Kucha (present-day Kuchabuchar Xibo Autonomous County, Xinjiang), Hada Chengxi (present-day Kaiyuan, Liaoning) and other places, the Han surnames are Cha, Man, Za and so on.
(4). The Manchu Tatara clan, also known as the Tatra clan, Manchu Tatara Hala, Han yi "particularly many", shiju Chakumu (Chakunmu, Chakunmu, Zakumu, Jiakongmu, present-day Liaoning Xinbin Ilden River west bank under the Yingzi), An chulaku (present-day Erdao River basin in the upper reaches of the Songhua River), Ningguta (present-day Ning'an, Heilongjiang), Zakdan (present-day Fushun, Liaoning), Salhu (present-day eastern Fushun, Liaoning), Macha (present-day southwest of the Hun river in Jilin), Zhanhe (Zhanhe, present-day Shuangyang River basin in Jilin), Wusu (Wusu ( Present-day Yitong, Jilin), Yilanmu (present-day Gaolan, Lanzhou, Gansu), Haizhou (present-day Haicheng, Liaoning), Shifang Temple (present-day Shifo Temple, Shenyang, Liaoning), Jilin Wula (present-day Jilin Yongji Ula Street to Huifa River Estuary, Lafa River Valley, Shuangyang County), Changbaishan District, etc., the Han surnames were Cha, Tang, Tan, Shu, Lao, and so on.
(5). Manchu Wusu clan, also known as Wusu Hari clan, Manchu usun Hala, Manchu has Han meaning "water", originated from the Jin Dynasty period called Jurchen Wen Gusun clan (Wugu Sun clan, Wusun clan), to the ministry as the clan, Shiju Wusu (present-day Jilin Yitong), Vakha (now south from Changbai Mountain, north of the Tumen River, north of the Lower Heilongjiang River Uzara region, east to the south of the Russian coastal region), Neyin (now Jilin Fusong Songhua River upper reaches of the river basin), Changbai Mountain and other places, belonging to one of the oldest surnames of the Manchus, a large number, The Han surnames are Cha, Sun, Wu, Wu, Su, Guan, Mu, Dai, Bai, Wu, Chang and so on.
(6). The Manchu Chakuta clan, also known as the Zakuta clan, Manchu Jakuta Hala, Han yi "each eight", Shiju Varkha (present-day Jilin Fusong Songhua River upper reaches of the river basin), Kaharibi HanErli Village (present-day Jilin Hunchun Tumen River), Zakuta (present-day Jilin Hunchun Tumen River north bank, west of the Hailan River), Hada (present-day Liaoning Xifeng Xiaoqing River Valley), Sachuku (present-day Heilongjiang Ning'an Laosongling area), Songhua River and Changbai Mountain, the title of Han surnames are Cha, Zhang, Bao, Shi, Zhu, etc.
(7). The Manchu Chalucha clan, also known as the Zarucha clan and the Zalanud clan, the Manchu language is Jaruka Hala, the shiju Duxian (present-day Shijiazhuang, Hebei), and the Han surnames are Cha, Zhang, etc.
(8). The Manchu Chathei clan, also known as the Zathei clan, Manchu for Jatehei Hala, lived in Emuhsolo (in present-day Emu Town, Jiaohe, Dunhua, Jilin Province), and the Han surname was cha.
8. Originating from other ethnic minorities, it belongs to the Sinicization and change the surname to a surname. Among the ethnic minorities such as the Yi, Dai, Tujia, Hani, and Hui ethnic groups, there are also Cha clans, and most of their sources are in the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties during the central government's policy of bondage and the movement to change the land and return to the stream, and the flow was changed to the Han surname Cha, which has been passed down from generation to generation.
Jing's totem interpretation
【Interpretation】 Jing, is a kind of bush, also known as Chu. Verbena forage, Vitex. There are many types, including Vitex, Vitex, Bauhinia and so on.
Ancestor of the surname: Xiong Xuan Gongsun Qingke
Ancestral land: Hubei Zigui, Jingzhou
Gunwangtang number: Lujiang, Jiangling, Guangling;
Current ranking/population: 291st/about 250,000
Song version of the hundred family names in order: 399th
【Origin】The Jing surname mainly comes from: Qi surname, Jiang surname
1. Derived from the surname Qi, it comes from the fiefdom of Xiong Xuan, the former king of the Chu state in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, and belongs to the clan name of the country. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, xiong Xuan, the ancestor of the Chu state, was sealed in the area of Jingshan (present-day Jingzhou, Hubei), with the name of Jing, and the monarch was called Jingjun. According to the historical book "Tongzhi Clan Luo, Taking the State as the Clan", the old state name of the Chu State was Jing, and the Jing clan was the surname before the Chu was not changed to chu, and it is also said that the Zhou Dynasty Chu State was also called Jing, and the people took the country as the clan. The ancestors of Chu were from the Gaoyang clan of Emperor Huan. Gao Yang was the grandson of the Yellow Emperor and the son of Changyi. The fifth generation of Wu Hui after Emperor Huan was the fire of Emperor Gaoxin, in charge of heavenly fire and earth fire, and could melt the world with light, so Emperor Zhao ordered Zhu Rong (祝, 大也; 融, 明也). His tribesmen were distributed in the southern part of the Shang capital Chaoge (present-day Xinzheng, Henan). Wu Hui's son Lu had six sons in his lifetime, and the youngest son, Ji Lian, was the ancestor of Chu.
In the fourteenth year of the reign of King Ji Zheng of Zhou (34th year of King Cheng of Chu, 638 BC), King Cheng of Chu sent troops to rescue the State of Zheng and fought a major battle with the Song army at Hongshui (present-day Zhecheng, Henan), wounding song Xianggong who intended to dominate and defeating the Song army, and the Chu army was wei Dazhen, which at that time had jurisdiction roughly in present-day Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, and parts of Jiangxi.
After King Cheng of Chu succeeded to the throne and changed Jing to Chu, the descendants of the previous Jingjun, that is, those who took the original country name as their surname, called Jingshi, have been passed down from generation to generation, and the history is called Jingshi Zhenzong.
2. Derived from the surname Qi, it comes from the Chu clan who lived in the Qin Kingdom to avoid the Qin Zhuang Xiang Wang Xiang Wang's secret, which belongs to the name of the country, or the surname is changed to a surname. After the surname Qi, there was originally a Chu clan with the state as its surname, and one of the Chu clans lived in the Qin state and lived and multiplied in Sidi. Later, in the pre-Qin period, due to the avoidance of the name of Chu Zichu, the king of Qinzhuang, he changed the original name of the country "Jing" as a surname, called Jing, which has been passed down from generation to generation.
The People of the Jing clan all revere Chu Jun Xiong as the ancestor of the surname, and do not share the same lineage with the Jiang surname Jing.
3. Derived from the surname of Jiang, from the Qi Guoqing clan at the end of the Warring States period, it belongs to the surname changed to a surname for some reason. At the end of the Warring States period, the State of Qi had a Qing clan, which was a descendant of Gongsun Qingke, and for some reason, some people changed their surnames to Jing, and gradually formed the Jing clan in Jiangnan. Gongsun Qingke was the grandson of Jiang Xiaobai, the Duke of Qi Huan, and the son of Jiang Wuxia, the son of Duke Huan of Qi. Gongsun Qingke's son later took the name of his father, called qingshi, forming a large family of Qingshi. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the descendants of Gongsun Qingke of the State of Qi included the famous Qingfeng, and in the Jin Dynasty, there was also Qingzheng, all of which were branches of the Duke of Qi Huan. In the pre-Qin period, jing ke, the famous assassin Jing Ke, who was bribed by Prince Dan of the State of Yan and sent to the Qin state to assassinate the Qin king Yingzheng, was the jing clan of the Jing clan, which was divided by the Qing clan.
The Jing clan of the Jiang surname all revere Gongsun Qingke as the ancestor of the surname, and do not share the genealogy with the Surname Jing.
4. Descendant of The Ancestor King Jia of Jing (Emperor Gao's brother).
Interpretation of the Yous' totem
【Interpretation】Tour is a ideographic word. "Sayings": "You, the ancient flag is a pendant along the lower part of the banner." "It got its name because of its flowing and flamboyant.
Ancestor of the surname: Guzi You
Ancestral place: Xinzheng, Henan
Gunwangtang number: Feng Yi, Guangping; Meixiutang, Guangpingtang
Current ranking/population: 166th place/ about 1 million
Song Dynasty hundred family name ranking: 401st
【Origin】The surname You is mainly derived from: Ji surname
The You clan originated in the State of Zheng in the Spring and Autumn Period and was a descendant of Gongzi Yan, the son of Zheng Mugong. Because gongzi Yan zi you, his descendants have the surname you "take the character of wang father as their surname". The State of Zheng in the Spring and Autumn Period was passed down by King Xuan of Zhou's younger brother Ji You, and since the later You family was passed down from the Duke of Zheng, it was indeed a descendant of the surname of King Wen of Zhou. The ancient state of Zheng was located in the area south of the Yellow River in the middle of present-day Henan Province, and the capital of the state was located in Xinzheng.
The ancestor of the surname You is the old son You, which is studied in the book "Yuan He Surname Compilation".
1. Derived from the surname Ji, from gongzi Yan, the son of Zheng Mugong, the king of the State of Zheng in the Spring and Autumn Period, it belongs to the clan name of the ancestor.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Ji You, the son of King Li of Zhou, was enfeoffed by his brother King Xuan of Zhou in Zhengyi, and later established the famous State of Zheng. The monarch of the State of Zheng passed to Duke Mu of Zheng (reigned 627 BC – 606 BC), and he had a son named Ji Yan (姬偃), who was known as Gongzi Yan (公子偃). When Gongzi Yan's grandson You converted, he used his grandfather's character "You" to call it Youshi, which has been passed down from generation to generation. "Yuan He Surname Compilation" Yun: "Zuo Chuan", Zheng Mu Gongzi Yan Zi Zi You, and then wang father character as a clan. "In the Spring and Autumn Period, Zheng Mugong had a son named Gongzi Yan (公子偃), zi you (字子游), and his grandson You Gui (游嶏) took his grandfather's character as his surname and called him You Shi (游氏).
The branch is correctly pronounced yóu. Most of the people of the You clan revere Gongzi Yan as the ancestor of the surname.
2. From the surname of Ji, the duke had a grandson in the twenty-fourth year of the duke, and was a descendant of prince You.
3. Originating from the official position, from the Official Tour during the Zhou Dynasty, it belongs to the clan with the title of official.
囿遊 is a small official in charge of gardens, vegetable gardens, orchards, and land gardens in the royal palace (within the palace) during the Zhou Dynasty, that is, full-time servants, who were in charge of the small officials in charge of the palace gates, also known as 囿 tours, or Khotan people, just like the current doormen, such as the current doormen, sending and receiving, tongyu, etc., under the jurisdiction of the Tianfu Bureau. This is recorded in the classic "Zhou Li Tianguan": "The Khotanese, the palace has four people per door, and the same is true for the journey." ”
Among the descendants of the Yuanyou and Yan people, there are those who take the title of the ancestor's official title or the professional title as the surname, called the Youyou clan and the Yanren clan, and later the provincial text is simplified to a single surname You clan, which has been passed down from generation to generation. The branch is correctly pronounced yóu.
4. Originating from the official position, from the Zhou Dynasty period official Xuren, belongs to the official title as a clan.
"斿" originally means a flag with a streamer (streamer), or a multi-toothed flag. The number of liuhuo on the flag is customized according to Wang Jiu, Gong Qi, Hou Wu, Bo San, and Zi Yi, and there is no Liu Xu without a knight or below. In the military system, there are also The Jurchens, also known as the Xuren, who are in charge of the iconic military flags, are mostly heroic warriors or biao-shaped hans. This is noted in the classic "Commentaries on the Interpretation of Texts": "You, Yinliu." This work is also a song, and the flag is also a flag. The "Youyi" in the historical book "Zuo Chuan Huan Ii Nian" records that the "Youli Youyi" refers to the appearance of this kind of "tourist" with his waist tied "鞶力", holding the "旒旗" in his hand, charging into battle or flaunting his might.
Among the descendants of the Xu people (旒人, Tourists), there are many people who take the title of the ancestor official as a surname, called the Xuren clan, the Xuren clan, the Youren clan, and later the common name youren clan, and then the provincial text simplified to a single surname Youshi, which has been passed down from generation to generation. The correct pronunciation of the branch you clan is líu, and the pronunciation of its people today is yóu, which needs to be further studied.
5. Originating from the change of surname, from Wang Xianyi during the Ming Dynasty, it belongs to the surname of the surname for some reason.
According to the "You Clan Genealogy", "From the Wang clan to the surname You, Wang Xianyi was adopted by the You family during the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, and then took You as his surname." "During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, wang and you were both Hakka families, and they went to Kaiji in Xiuzhu Township, Zhao'an County, present-day Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province. Because there were fewer People of the You clan at that time, Wang Nianba, the ancestor of the Wang surname Zhaoji, passed on his son Wang Xianyi to You Xinzhong, the grandson of You Xianyi, the ancestor of you Zhaoji, as his heir, and later Wang Xianyi changed his surname to You Xianyi, called You Xianyi, and from then on his descendants flourished, and the descendants of this line of you clan were called "Wang Youpai". The "Wang You Faction" lived in the areas of Longtan, Xilip, Beikeng, Anmei, and Gongyayang, and passed on to the fifth generation, and the four jian'er of the descendants of the You clan followed the famous anti-Wu general Yu Dayu and joined the team of wu to eliminate the wukou, defend their hometown, and make special contributions. In order to reward them, General Yu Dayu specially gave them a plaque and wrote a large book "Four Courageous Qixun" in four big characters. Later, the You clan built an ancestral hall in Longtan, named it "ShengYan Hall", and hung a plaque in the middle of the ancestral hall. By the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, many of the You clans in Xiuzhu Township followed Zheng Chenggong into Taiwan to establish a foundation, distributed in Taipei, Yilan, Taoyuan and other places, and the people flourished. However, since Wang Xianyi passed on to you as his heir, the Wang family in Xiuzhu Township has not developed smoothly and people are not prosperous. Therefore, Sun Youzu, the thirteenth descendant of the You clan in Taiwan, returned from Taiwan to Xiuzhu Longtan during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, and passed on to the Wang family as an heir, and changed his surname to Wang Clan and called Wang Zuzu. Later, the Wang clan, who was sent by Wang Zu to pass on the lineage, flourished greatly, and also used the Longtan Family Temple Shengyan Hall as the ancestral hall. Since then, the wang and you clans of Xiuzhuan have not distinguished between each other and have worshipped the same ancestral temple.
The branch is correctly pronounced yóu.
6. Originated from the Manchus, from the Qing Dynasty Period Hutuli Fufuhai, belongs to the clan with the title of official.
According to the historical book "Qing Dynasty Tongzhi Clan Luo Manchuria Eight Banners Surname":
The Manchu Hutuli clan, Manchu Huturi Hala, Han yi "Fu", lived on both sides of the Heilongjiang River, and later many crowned Han surnames were Fu, You, Fu and so on. The Manchu You clan and the Fu clan both originated from the famous local official Hu Tuli Fufuhai at the end of the Qing Dynasty.
Hu Tuli Fufuhai, the son of Hu Tuli Fufuhai, the son of Hu Tuli Decheng, the chief of the Right Division of the Deputy Governor of Boduna (present-day Songyuan, Jilin Province), was a lieutenant to the rank of lieutenant.
The "co-leader" was a subordinate official of the provincial garrison generals of the Manchu Qing government, with the rank of Zheng Sanpin, who was under the vice-governor and above the vice-governor, and sometimes had the vice-governor. Responsible for the military and political affairs of one of the garrison flags. In the northeast region, the co-leader has a lone city collar garrison. "Wandering consuls" may exercise military and political rights across jurisdictions, such as banditry, banditry, etc., but may not exercise administrative rights beyond boundaries, such as civil affairs.
Hu Tuli Fufuhai was frugal and kind all his life, and for thirty years, when a famine broke out in the 28th year of the Qing Dynasty (1902 AD), he resolutely opened a warehouse to help the victims, and tens of thousands of people lived. At the time of his death, all the people mourned and mourned for miles.
After the death of HuTuli Fufuhai, his descendants and local people, who took his official title as a surname, changed their name to Youshi, which has been passed down from generation to generation.
Kwon's totem interpretation
[Interpretation] Quan, "Huang Huamu also". It is a tree with yellow blossoms. Another meaning of quan is: "hammer", which is recognized as a standard for weighing. The power holder, so call the things flat, know the weight of the weight also. Derive the meanings of power, power, authority, rights, etc.
Ancestor of the surname: Wu Ding Chu Dou Miao
Ancestral place: Xinzheng, Changge, Henan
Gunwangtang No.: Tianshui, Longxi, Zhenxiaotang
Current ranking/population: 305th place/about 230,000
Song edition of the hundred family names in order: 403rd place
【Origin】The surname Quan mainly comes from: sub-surname, Qi surname
According to the "Genealogy Table of the Tang Dynasty and the Prime Minister", the source of the quan surname is from the sub-surname. Emperor Wuding of Shang Gaozong had a son who was enfeoffed in the state of Quan (present-day Shayang County, Jingmen City, Hubei Province), and later the people of Quan guo and the descendants of the monarch took the name of the state and called it Quan. The surname Quan has glorious royal ancestors and can be traced back to the distant ancestors of the Yellow Emperor. The Tongzhi Clan Luo Yiguo (国為氏) records that the Quan clan was originally a descendant of Emperor Wu of Shangwu after emperor Huan, whose surname was descendants. Later, during the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Quan was annexed by the State of Chu, and the King of ChuWu made the Duke of Chu the Grand Master Dou Miao the Duke of Quan County, responsible for managing the people of the original State of Quan, and later Dou Miao led the remnants of the State of Quan to rebel and rebelled, and the result was defeated, and he himself died here, but the descendants of Dou Miao took the ancestral fief as their surname and called the Quan clan. The descendants of the Quan clan honored Wu Ding as the ancestor of the surname of Quan.
1. Derived from the sub-surname, from the fiefdom of the shang dynasty monarch Wu Ding's descendants, it belongs to the clan with the name of the country. After Shang Tang destroyed Xia Jie and established the Shang Dynasty, it was passed down to the twenty-third generation of monarchs as Emperor Gaozong Wuding (子昭), who enfeoffed his descendant Ziyuan in Quanyi (present-day Dangyang, Hubei), with the title of Duke and established the State of Quan, known in history as Quan Wending. Beginning with Quan Wen Ding Zi Yuan, Quan Guo inherited fifteen monarchs during the Shang Dynasty, and his lineage was: Quan Gong gong → Quan C Gongzi Traces→ Quan Ding Gong → Zi Hu Jia → Son Dong → Quan Zhongyan → Quan Shao Xin → Quan Amber → Quan Man Bo → Quan Feng Gong → Quan Xuan Gong → Zi Kong → Zi Ugly → Power belongs to the Black Shoulder of the Gongzi. Due to the early death of Zi Dong and the failure to take the throne, there were actually only fourteen generations of monarchs. After King Ji of Zhou wu destroyed Yin Shang, he then made Zi Jia the monarch of the quan state, known as the Duke of Quanjia, and was the first monarch of the quan state during the Western Zhou Dynasty. Duke Quan Jia was the younger brother of King Wu of Zhou, who succeeded King Wu of Zhou as the monarch of the state of Quan in order to hold the land of the ancient state of power. From the Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Spring and Autumn Period, there were six generations of monarchs, and their lineages were: Quan Jia Gong → Quan Heng Father→ Quan Jiang Father→ Quan Shan Peng → Quan Qiang Father → Zi Jie. Since the territory of the state of Quan was in the territory of present-day Hubei Province, it became a neighbor of the Chu state and the Ba state during the Western Zhou Dynasty. In the Spring and Autumn Period, in order to expand his power, Xiong Tong, the king of Chuwu, began to launch a series of wars against the Zhuxia in the Han River Valley, and when Zi Wei was the Marquis of Quan, he sent troops to capture and annex the state of Quan, changing his land to Quan County, and ordering Chu Ruo'ao's grandson Dou Miao to be the county yin. The remnants of the post-fallen state were forced to migrate southwest, and were soon destroyed by the state of Pakistan. Later, Dou Miao united with the nobles of the original power to rebel against Chu, and was surrounded and killed by the Chu army. Later, in order to avoid the resurgence of the nobles of the original state, King Wu of Chu moved all of them to the city of chu (present-day Jingmen Nakou City, Hubei) to supervise and control.
After the fall of the country, the aristocratic descendants of the quanguo and the people of the country have surnames with the names of their homeland and the names of the places they moved to, called the Quan clan, the Na clan, the Jing clan, etc., all of which have been passed down from generation to generation, and are one of the very old surnames, and the history of the Quan clan is called the Quan clan zhenzong. Most of the people with the surname Quan revere Shang Wuding (子昭), Quan Wending (子元), and Quan Jia Gong (子嘉) as the ancestors of the surname.
2. Derived from the surname Qi, from the Spring and Autumn Period of the Chu State Ruo'ao's grandson Dou Miao, belongs to the name of the fengyi as a clan. After King Wu of Chu destroyed the state of Quan, he changed the original state of Quan to a county, with Chu Ruo'ao's grandson Dou Miao as the county of Quan. Later, Dou Miao led the remnants of the powerful state to rebel, and was killed after failure. Among the descendants of Chu Doujin, there are those who have the surname of the ancestor's ruler, also known as the Quan clan, which has been passed down from generation to generation. This is what is recorded in the classic "Yunhui": "Chu Dou Yin Quan, Hou Because of the clan." There is a similar record in the historical book "Mingxian Clan Speech and Deeds Manuscript": "Quan, surname, Yin Fengchu of Chu, Grandson of Chu Ruo'ao Dou Yin Quan Yin Yin Clan Yan." Qin extinguished Chu and moved his surname to Yu Longxi because he lived in Tianshui. Also, Chuanyun, King Kequan of Chuwu, made Dou Yinzhi, the southeastern part of Dangyang County, Lingnan County. "Referred to is the surname Quan clan.
Most of the people of the Quan clan revere Chu Dou as the ancestor of the surname, and do not conform to the sub-surname Quan clan.
3. From the Fuxi clan. The Classic of Mountains and Seas records that the Fuxi clan originated in Tianshui and used snakes as totems. According to the ancient books, the Fuxi clan was born in Chengji, and the disciples ruled Chen Cang, all of whom were in Chen, reigned for one hundred and fifty years, and passed on to the fifteenth generation. The Fuxi clan originated in the Chengji Dynasty, and after developing and growing, it entered Guanzhong along the Wei River valley, exited Tong pass, moved east to The Mountain of Pingkun, Wangwu Mountain, and Taihang Mountain, and then turned to the southeast, and finally all moved to Chen. This activity area generally coincides with the distribution area of yangshao cultural ancient sites. However, whether the Fuxi clan migrated or had a cultural influence remains to be studied.
On the shore of the Cai River in present-day Huaiyang, Henan, there is the "Tomb of the Taihao Fuxi Clan", about 20 meters high, below the upper circle, it is said that this mausoleum has existed in the Spring and Autumn Period, and has been passed down to this day. There is an ancient text recorded in the totem made by the Fuxi clan in the ancient tomb: "In the Wei River, there is this majestic, so the descendants are based on the power as the head, the descendants are not the emperor, the German three mountains, located in the thirty-three days outside the heavens, the merit is the emperor of the people, the surname of the quan, the golden phosphorus horned claw snake (golden dragon) as the spirit, the Taihao mountains as the residence, the dragon four volts of water as the merit, the psychic word, the eye fills the sky, and the mouth fills the land." Meaning: "From the Weihe River out of the customs development to achieve, order the descendants to take quan as the beginning of the name, not to take Fuxi as the surname (Fuxi is also known as the emperor), the language comes from the Pingkun Mountain, Wangwu Mountain, Taihang Mountain, the ancestral tablet is in the thirty-third layer of the outer heavens (the founder of Taoism, the founding emperor all set up cards in this layer of heaven), to be honored as the human empress Liquan character, with quan as the surname, with the golden dragon as the mount, with the mountains under the world as the collar, practicing the Dragon Four Volts Water Technique, communicating with the spirit as the language, taking the heavens as the eyes, and taking the earth as the mouth!" ”
4. Originated from the Ge Tianshi, from the ancient emperor Ge Tianshi in ancient times, and belonged to the clan with the name of the country. According to the historical book "History of the Road": "After the ancient emperor Ge Tianshi, there were powerful clans and Ge clans. "Ge Tianshi, the leader of a tribal alliance located in the Changge region of the Central Plains in ancient times, made three great contributions to ancient human civilization: music and dance, hemp cultivation, and weaving. In the classic Book of Poetry, there is an almost god-like praise for Ge Tianshi. Ge Tianshi invented the form of music and dance with the ox tail as a prop and singing and dancing with the horn of the cow, so it was revered as the "god of music". He also discovered the plant "Kudzu", not only its rhizomes are edible, but its vine fibers can benefit the tribesmen, teaching people to use its fibers to weave clothes, and since then people not only have clothes to resist natural wind and cold, but also make the primitive clan society step into the stage of civilization.
Among the descendants of the Ge Tian clan and the tribesmen, there are those who are divided into Quan clan and Ge clan, which have been passed down from generation to generation and are one of the very ancient surnames.
5. Derived from the surname of zi, from the western Zhou Dynasty Song monarch Wei Ziqi's descendant Zhong Liquan, belongs to the ancestral name as a clan. At the beginning of the Western Zhou Dynasty, The descendants of Shang Tang and the elder brother of the King of Shang were feudalized by the Zhou Gongdan Song Dynasty, and because their ancestors had eaten in Zhongli (in the area of present-day Linhuaiguan, Anhui), there were descendants who "took Yi as their clan" and called zhong lishi. In the Han Dynasty, there was a famous Zhong Liquan, Zi Yunfang, Yi Zi ShanDao, Zheng Yangzi, also known as Heguzi, Yantai (present-day Xianyang, Shaanxi). According to historical records, Zhong Liquan later met Lü Dongbin when he was visiting Lushan Mountain in Anhui Province, saw that he had a Daogen, and taught him the Dao Tianyue Sword Method, the Dragon Tiger Jindan Secret Text. Later Lü Dongbin became one of the ancestors of the Zhong Lü Jindan school (that is, the ancestor of Pure Yang), which had an extremely important impact on the development of Taoist culture in the Song and Yuan dynasties. During the Yuan Dynasty, Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty, made Zhong Liquan "Zhengyang Enlightened Preaching True Emperor", and Yuanwu Emperor Boer Only Jin Haishan added him as "Zhengyang Enlightened Preaching Emperor".
Among the descendants and disciples of Zhong Liquan, in the process of Yang Buddha's suppression of the Dao at the time of the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, there were those who took the names of their ancestors as their surnames, called the Quan, Yun, and Fang clans, as well as those called the Shan, Zhengyang clans, which have been passed down from generation to generation.
6. Since a goryeo founding hero, the Silla nobleman Kim Yuki, was given the right to take the surname.
Definition of the totem of the Luxe
【Interpretation】 Lu, the original meaning guides to walk cautiously. As a surname, one is derived from the place name; the other is derived from the catch clan.
Ancestor of the surname: Doctor of the State of Qin (Feng Yulu)
Ancestral place: Taiyuan, Shanxi
Gunwangtang Number: Guangping, Linhe; Dare to Speak, Filial Piety Hall
Rank/Population today: 410th/about 110,000
Song edition of the hundred family names in order: 404th
【Origin】The surname 逯 is mainly derived from: 嬴姓, 芈姓
1. Derived from the surname of Ying, from the name of Qin Guoyi in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it belongs to the name of Juyi. According to the historical book "Customs and Customs", "逯" is an ancient name of the Qin State in the Spring and Autumn Warring States Period more than 2,000 years ago, when it was called Lu (present-day Xianyang Xunyi, Shaanxi), and later a doctor of the Qin State was sealed in the Yi, and his descendants had those who took the name of the ancestor Fengyi as their surname, called the Lu clan, which has been passed down from generation to generation. #姓氏 #
2. Derived from the surname Qi, from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period chu state yi name, also known as yi name. According to the historical book "History of the Road", during the Spring and Autumn Period, among the descendants of the Chu royal family, there were also people with the surname of Yi, called the Lu clan, which has been passed down from generation to generation. #国学 #
3. Change the surname from other ethnic groups. #人生 #
Originating from the Xianbei clan, from the Buliugu clan of the Xianbei clan during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, it belongs to the Sinicization and change of surname to clan. According to the historical book "Wei Shu Guanshi Zhi", the Original Three-Character Surname of the Northern Xianbei Clan was Buliu Gushi, and after The Northern Wei Xiaowen Emperor Tuoba Hong (YuanHong) moved the capital luoyang to the Central Plains in the seventeenth and nineteenth years of Northern Wei Taihe (493-495 AD), during the period of vigorously promoting the sinicization reform policy, the Buliu Orphan Clan was changed to the Chinese character single surname Lu Shi, and then gradually integrated into the Han nationality, which has been passed down from generation to generation. #国学经典 #
Nowadays, among the Hui, Manchu, Mongolian, Evenk, Turk and other ethnic minorities, there are Lu clan distribution, most of which are derived from the Policy of Bondage and the Reform of Land returned to the Central Government during the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the flow was changed to the Han surname Lu, which has been passed down from generation to generation. #国风大典 #
"Surname totem and origin" reflects the history and development of surnames to a certain extent, although it cannot be fully taken seriously, but it can learn a lot of knowledge.
Thanks to the support and attention of the family, Xiaobian will make more efforts to consult relevant literature and continue to update the totems and origins of more than 400 surnames in China for the family