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Lao Qin wrote last year that "there was the world's largest private army, but tragically died at sea, how to evaluate Feng Yuxiang and his people", which mentioned that Feng Yuxiang had a military strength of 420,000 people in his heyday, that is, in 1928.
At that time, the Second Northern Expedition had already been won, and the once-arrogant Warlord Zhang Zuolin had fled back to his hometown outside Guanwai.
Feng Yuxiang's Northwest Army controlled vast lands such as Shandong, Henan, and northwest, and was second only in power to the Nationalist government's Central Army.
Time magazine, published on July 2, 1928, said Feng had "the world's largest private army."
Unfortunately, Feng Yuxiang lost successively in the "Jiang Feng War" and the "Jiang Feng Yan War" in 1929 and 1930.
The main thing is that Zhang Xueliang joined the melee. Feng Yuxiang lost miserably, his subordinates were all absorbed by Chiang Kai-shek, and from then on, he no longer had the capital to call out to Chiang Kai-shek, and became a marginal person in the military and political circles. After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he was forcibly ordered by Chiang Kai-shek to retire and sent overseas to "inspect water conservancy."
Feng Yuxiang was ideologically inclined to our party, and on July 31, 1948, he returned to China at the invitation of our party to participate in the preparatory work for the Chinese Political Consultative Conference, but because the ship caught fire, he and his wife Li Dequan supported each other, escaped from the smoke-filled special cabin, and finally passed out at the hatch due to excessive carbon dioxide poisoning.
After the rescue of her children, Mrs. Li Dequan escaped from death, but Feng Yuxiang passed away.
This Li Dequan can be described as a strange woman in the world.
Her husband's death left her heartbroken.
Within a few days, the hair was all white.
However, she still stood up strongly, adhered to the legacy of her deceased husband, returned to China with her children and daughters, and returned to China with 28 boxes of precious materials of her deceased husband, and issued a statement through the radio, calling on the officers and men of the Northwest Army to abandon the dark and turn to the light.
Subsequently, she handed over all 28 boxes of precious materials to the archives, attended the first plenary session of the Chinese Political Consultative Conference, and served as the first minister of health of the People's Republic of China.
Speaking of which, Li Dequan's origin is still very miserable.
Her father, Li Chaogui, was originally a herdsman who grazed the grassland herders, but because of the heavy snowstorm during grazing, the herd was lost, and he could not go back to the shepherd to make a difference, so he had to go to the end of the world, rely on scavenging and begging, and went into exile in Tongzhou, where he married a desert girl.
In order to establish a foothold in Tongzhou, he worked as a coolie on the docks and ended his wandering life.
After Li Dequan was born, he showed a different side of ordinary people's children at a very young age: intelligent, bold, spicy, willing to endure hardships, dare to take responsibility, and there was an innate arrogance between his hands and feet.
Since his parents are both Christians, Li Dequan can enter the church-run Fuyu Primary School for free.
Li Dequan cherished such a learning opportunity, studied hard, and after graduating from primary school, he successfully entered the middle school founded by the same church, and finally successfully entered the private Women's Union University in Beijing.
Originally, Li Dequan could not afford to pay the tuition fees of the women's university, but the church gave her a loan.
Li Dequan was exposed to many new ideas and new cultures on the university campus.
When the May Fourth Patriotic Movement broke out, she was elected president of the student union of the Women's University, leading her classmates to march in the streets.
This is just the beginning of Li Dequan's extraordinary life.
After graduating from college, Li Dequan returned to the middle school where she had previously attended to teach.
She often uses every opportunity to spread progressive ideas to her students and to those around her.
"General Christ" Feng Yuxiang met her on the podium by chance and was deeply impressed by her style.
Lao Qin would like to add here that Feng Yuxiang's conversion to Christ stemmed from an illness.
It is a skin disease infected by poisonous bacteria and ulcerated skin on a large area.
At that time, Feng Yuxiang was a low-level officer in the Qing Army, and he went around asking for medicine.
The Chinese doctor diagnosed him with "flower willow disease" and charged high medical fees.
Feng Yuxiang has good character and has never behaved uncleanly.
He dismissed the doctor and went to the Beijing Church Hospital for medical treatment.
The Christian doctor who treated him did not accept his money, but completely cured his illness.
The doctor said a word that made him fall in love with Christ.
The doctor said, "God loves all the worlds and loves you, and has sent me to heal you." ”
In 1913, Feng yuxiang was baptized under the auspices of a Church of Justice pastor.
Interestingly, after Feng Yuxiang and Li Dequan got married, Feng Yuxiang asked Li Dequan, "Why are you willing to marry me?"? Li Dequan's answer is similar to that of the Christian doctor who treated Feng Yuxiang— Li Dequan said: "God loves all the people of the world, and loves you, and specially sent me to supervise you and prevent you from doing bad things." ”
Feng Yuxiang therefore had great respect and love for Li Dequan, and since then he has tasted bitterly and bitterly, the sea has not dried up, and life and death have not been unswerving.
In fact, Li Dequan is not Feng Yuxiang's original wife.
Li Dequan was born in 1896, and Feng Yuxiang was born in 1882, with an age difference of 14 years.
Feng Yuxiang's original wife was named Liu Dezhen, the niece of Lu Jianzhang, a Beiyang officer.
Liu Dezhen is a very typical rural little woman, people are short, no culture, wrapped feet, taciturn, but very virtuous, she and Feng Yuxiang lived together for 18 years, gave birth to Feng Hongguo, Feng Hongzhi, Feng Neng, Feng Fufa, Feng Fuyun a total of two men and three women, but died in 1923 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital.
Feng Yuxiang lost his wife in middle age, his children are still young, and he urgently needs to continue the string.
Cao Kun intended to marry a daughter to attract and send someone to match.
Feng Yuxiang politely refused Cao Kun, saying: My wife Feng Yuxiang can only wear coarse cloth clothes, and she must be able to spin and weave fabrics, so that Qianjin may not be able to bear such suffering.
Cao Kun had no choice but to give up.
According to conscience, Li Dequan's appearance is not outstanding, but Feng Yuxiang values her talent and quality.
When Feng Yuxiang was serving as the overseer of Henan, in order to improve the military knowledge of officers, he opened a study class for middle and senior officers, and Zhang Zhijiang, commander of the Seventh Mixed Brigade, was appointed as the auditor of the lecture hall to teach tactical knowledge.
When he was transferred to the Army's inspection envoy and arrived in Beijing, Zhang Zhijiang's Seventh Mixed Brigade was stationed in Tongzhou, and the study class for middle and senior officers was also held in Tongzhou.
When Feng Yuxiang went to Tongzhou to inspect the situation of the study class, he happened to see Li Dequan giving a speech on the stage at a Christian youth rally.
He was full of praise for Li Dequan, who was dressed in coarse cloth, and asked Zhang Zhijiang to go to help him speak as a mediator.
In this way, under Zhang Zhijiang's arrangement, Li Dequan and Feng Yuxiang met and later married.
Li Dequan was a reasonable and reasonable assistant to Feng Yuxiang, and gave birth to five children for Feng Yuxiang: daughters Lida, Yingda, and Xiaoda, and sons Hong Guang and Hongda.
Li Dequan married Feng Yuxiang in February 1924, and because he remembered the difficulty of his early education, he founded a school in Beijing the following year to enroll the children of poor families for free.
In 1930 and 1933, when Feng Yuxiang retired to Taishan twice, she connected and founded 15 primary schools to enroll the children of local farmers free of charge.
The most noteworthy thing is that in the spring of 1925, Feng Yuxiang went to the Soviet Union to investigate, and Li Dequan accompanied him, met Lenin's wife and sister, and believed in communism.
After returning to China, Li Dequan often participated in the rescue of captured Communist Party members and patriotic democrats.
In January 1936, Feng Yuxiang became vice chairman of the Military Commission of the Nationalist Government, and Li Dequan joined the women's movement. She led the founding of the "Capital Women's Academic Research Association" and served as a standing committee member.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, she worked closely with the Communist Party of China and forged deep friendships with Deng Yingchao, Cao Mengjun, Liu Qingyang and others.
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Li Dequan organized the Establishment of the Chinese Women's Association, of which she herself served as its chairman, strongly protesting against the fight of the civil war.
After the founding of New China, Li Dequan first served as minister of health for 15 years, and later served as vice chairman of the All-China Women's Federation, vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and other positions, and reached the rank of vice state.