Xiaozhou Village, known as "Yingzhou" in ancient times, is a natural village under the jurisdiction of Huazhou Subdistrict, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, a traditional Chinese village, located in the southeast of Haizhu District, surrounded by water on all sides, resembling a small island, with a village area of 4.3 square kilometers.
Xiaozhou Village was opened from the Yuan Dynasty, and in the early Ming Dynasty, the Surname Of Jian moved from Xinxiang, Henan to Xiaozhou Village. Xiaozhou Village has retained a complete water town pattern and enjoys the reputation of "Zhouzhuang in the north and Yingzhou in the south". There are many immovable cultural heritages in the village, among which tianhou Temple, Yuxu Palace, Ancient Bridge, Denghao Ancient Wharf and the unique "Oyster Shell House" in the Lingnan Water Network Area all reflect the historical evidence of the ancient Pearl River estuary villages used for water.
Legend has it that the dragon boats of Xiaozhou were once named "Yingzhou Flying Dragons" during the Southern Han Dynasty, so only the dragon boats of Xiaozhou Village are flags with yellow backgrounds and red edges. Xiaozhou Village is an ancient village with the characteristics of Lingnan Water Town, and is also a favorite habitat of artists, known as Xiaozhou Art Village. A large number of literary and artistic figures gathered in Xiaozhou Village, and on a whim there was a saying that "there are 798 in the north and Xiaozhou Village in the south".
Legend has it that the Guangzhou Dragon Boat Competition originated in the Southern Han Dynasty, and the Han Dynasty lord Liu Xun dredged the "Jade Liquid Pond" in the west of Guangzhou City, and every year on the fifth day of The first five days of May, the palace people raced to cross it. The Ming Dynasty poet Zhang Xu wrote: "The dragon boat races across the jade liquid pool, and the king is drunk for days and nights." "After a thousand years of history, few people know the origin of the dragon boat.
Xiaozhou Village is a rare preservation of Guangzhou relatively complete ancient village, the ecological environment is beautiful, but now swept by the economic wave, many houses are rented to people after being demolished and rebuilt, tranquility is no more, but Xiaozhou Village still retains the custom of climbing dragon boats in the Dragon Boat Festival, from the first day to the Dragon Boat Festival, the young adults in this village and other villages row various dragon boats, beat gongs and drums, visit each other along the waterway, stop drinking dragon boat tea to eat a piece of dragon boat cake every time they pass through a village, and they can also eat grand dragon boat rice at night.
It is not so much that Guangzhou people like dragon boats, but rather that Guangzhou people like the bustle of dragon boats. Visiting relatives and friends during the Spring Festival is an emotional exchange between home and home and point-to-point, while the dragon boat scenery of the Dragon Boat Festival is an intimate exchange between villages and villages, clans and clans.
In previous years, before the Dragon Boat Festival in previous years, Large villages such as Liede Village, Chebei Village, Zhu Village, Haizhu District, and Tuhua Village in Haizhu District would issue invitations to brother villages and old table villages, with the inscription "Respectfully invite your village flying dragon to visit our village on a certain day in May to celebrate the Duanyang Festival", which is "Zhao Jing" and the invited villages will send people to row dragon boats to "visit relatives" on time, and passing through the villages along the river will also perform a bit, until they reach their destination, swim around the river center three times, show their own dragon boat culture, and then go ashore to hand over the dragon boat Cambodia and eat dragon boat cakes. Drink dragon boat tea, this is the "scene".
At this time, on both sides of the river, there will be crowds of people watching, gongs and drums are noisy, colorful flags are flying, and men, women and children are watching dragon boat performances along the river.
More than 100 rivers have skewered the major villages of Tianhe, Huangpu and Baiyun, and also run through the historical context of dragon boat culture. For today's Lao Guang, the dragon boat culture is more like the basis of cohesion between villages and clans. Under the impact of modern urban development, the ancestors have been unable to live together as closely as before, and only the dragon boat race that lasted for a while, the shocking dragon boat drum, can bring the scattered nostalgia together again.
This year is leap April, and the Dragon Boat Festival comes a little later. But the dragon boat water before the festival is very strong, torrential rain and lightning frequent visits, a few days ago there was a flooded street in Guangzhou, and some netizens posted on Weibo, "Dragon King, this year's dragon boat race is stopped, no longer help." ”
Due to the epidemic situation, Guangzhou Liede, Tangxia, Zhucun, Datang, Lipu and other villages and towns have announced the cancellation of dragon boat activities this year, and grand scenes such as "starting dragon boats", "visiting relatives" and "dragon boat meals" will be absent this summer.
Originally eager to wait for the "dragon" notice, they could only withdraw their restless hearts and continue to repeat the boring and boring rent collection routine. Although there are no large-scale dragon boat attractions and dragon boat competitions this year, it does not mean that all dragon boat activities have disappeared. It is said that the Huangcun Village, located in the Tianhe District of Guangzhou, welcomed the new dragon boat Junshui on the 15th of April of the lunar leap month, and the traditional Pontianak wooden new dragon boat was picked up by the old and young villagers from panyu Shangpu Shipyard after ceremonies such as elderly lighting and incense worship, and the old and young villagers of Huangcun were picked up from Panyu Shangpu Shipyard.
Dragon Boat Festival is a day when dragon boats from other villages come to Xiaozhou to visit relatives and friends, early in the morning Xiaozhou Wharf has been bustling, the villagers are busy decorating black Pontianak wooden dragon boats that are tens of meters long and more than 100 years old, this wood is light and strong, very suitable for dragon boat competitions, usually buried in the mud underwater, dug out before the Dragon Boat Festival, washed and hung on the bow of the boat with aquatic weeds, the first two set on the dragon tail of the dragon head, dressed up.
Most of the dragon heads are carved from whole wood, and the dragon heads are dyed red, called "red dragons", and there are also painted black or gray, called "black dragons" or "gray dragons", which are generally installed before the ferry, and the bow of the boat is placed with aquatic weeds, that is, the green before leaving the boat, which means smooth sailing.
When rowing a dragon boat, a person stands at the bow of the boat to jump and blow the whistle, directing the whole ship; this bow commander is commonly known as "jumping head", making various morale-boosting movements on the command platform at the bow of the ship, directing the radial hand to push the dragon boat forward.
Villagers of Xiaozhou Village who pick up dragon boats
The dragon boats visiting relatives in the village entered the village, and fifty or sixty meters away from the dock, firecrackers were heard, and a group of able men shouted trumpets and rowed beautifully dressed dragon boats, and for a time, the villagers and tourists on the dock cheered everywhere.
Dragon boat rice is a traditional folk culture in the Pearl River Delta region of Guangdong, and the large gathering meal of local farmers is a continuation of the traditional community feast. The sources of funds for the banquet expenses are mainly donations from ordinary villagers in the village, sponsorship from Hong Kong and Macao compatriots and overseas Chinese, followed by the bidding income of dragon boat parts.
A dragon boat banquet was placed under the viaduct of Xiaozhou Village.
Dragon boat rice is made of glutinous rice plus diced bacon, dried shrimp, diced cuttlefish, and shiitake mushroom grains, which is particularly full. I heard that the earliest was mainly for dragon boat rowers to eat, so that they ate rowing is particularly powerful. Later, slowly all the guests and spectators also ate together, and finally evolved into a lively dragon boat pre-ceremony, which conveyed the good wishes and hopes of the working people, and the custom also had the effect of rallying people's hearts and maintaining unity.
Xiaozhou Village set up a hundred meals in the ancestral hall, and thousands of villagers sat around to eat a lively dragon boat meal; and the dragon boat went to the village to visit relatives, and they all invited each other with invitations and dragon boat cakes as a gift. The quaint winds of etiquette and courtesy pass between small villages.
In previous years, the tradition of Xiaozhou Village was to set up 100 meals in the ancestral hall, thousands of villagers sat around to eat a lively dragon boat meal, and now there are more and more people in the village, and the place to eat dragon boat meals has also been moved from the ancestral hall to the open space under the outer ring viaduct on the edge of the village, and the stove stove is built, and the chef and his team invited from the outside restaurant, plus the help of the women in the village, the hundred dragon boat meals have been prepared since the morning.
According to the old people in the village, the traditional practice is to first select a number of amateur cooking masters from the villagers as the master, and then borrow cooking utensils and dishes from each household to fry a large pot of dishes. Big fish and big meat are certain, chicken and duck fish are readily available, and the name is mainly auspicious and festive, such as Hongyun roast meat, red scorched sand shrimp, cashew nut brocade dice, Shao cai grilled fish balls and so on.
In the past, there were some places with a very special practice, their dragon boat rice is the rice eaten before the dragon boat, the material is made of glutinous rice plus diced bacon, shrimp, cuttlefish, shiitake mushroom grains, very "full", can make people more powerful when rowing. Later, many people also went to the village to forage for food, but found that it was still more flavorful to eat during the Dragon Boat Festival, but it was estimated that it was psychological.
Now the conditions are good, the village is invited outside the restaurant to pack meals, in the outdoor cauldron meals are not easy to do, Cantonese Cantonese cuisine must meet the requirements of color, aroma, taste, Guangdong hot weather, close to the fire of the chefs, sweating wielding a stir-fry spoon, a pot of stir-fry.
Guangdong famous dish - roast meat
Xiaozhou Village was rated as the most book-flavored village, and the dragon boat rice was placed for several days in a row, which was very popular. The local custom is to eat dragon boat rice, the next year will be more "prosperous", so there are not a few people who come to visit and rub rice.
A batch of can't finish eating, to be divided into a few days, the village elderly, sponsor the dragon boat villagers, the village men, women, children studying, a dial, not a single will fall, everyone together to feel the festive atmosphere. The picture shows the villagers enjoying dragon boat meals under the overpass of Xiaozhou Village.
It is said that there was a "Dragon Boat Meal for a Thousand People" that ate 100 chickens, 260 kilograms of pork, 2,000 kilograms of winter melon, 800 kilograms of shagud and 500 kilograms of rice! Xiaozhou is held in accordance with the traditional customs of eating dragon boat rice ceremony, more than 1,000 villagers gathered together to eat more than 140 seats of dragon boat rice, not only dragon boat racing, the importance of dragon boat rice is also very high.
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