Aquaculture disease forecast in Guangdong Province in April
In April, there is more precipitation in Guangdong Province, the temperature and water temperature begin to rise, and the bacteria and parasites have also entered an active period, and the incidence of farmed aquatic animals will show an upward trend. Fishery production has entered a busy season, and the amount of food eaten by farmed aquatic animals has gradually increased, and breeding producers should do a good job in the prevention and control of aquatic animal diseases in a timely manner. Our province has entered the breeding period of aquatic fry, timely strengthened the cultivation and feeding of broodstock, ensured feed quality, and done a good job in artificial breeding of aquatic fry. Recently, there has been a lot of precipitation, and it is necessary to do a good job in the water quality regulation of fish and shrimp ponds, especially the fish and shrimp fry that have just been stocked, and we must pay attention to the feeding management. Turtles are weak after the overwintering period, prone to various diseases, we must pay attention to strengthening feeding management, enhance physical fitness, improve their disease resistance.
First, the diagnosis of the disease
1. Freshwater aquaculture fish: prone to wheelworm disease, oblique tubeworm disease, freshwater fish bacterial sepsis, gill rot, enteritis, etc., focusing on the breeding area of the province.
2. Turtle: prone to rot disease, focusing on the breeding area of the Pearl River Delta.
3. Marine fish: prone to stimulating cryptonuclear worm disease, focusing on coastal aquaculture areas in the province.
4. Penaeus vannamei: prone to leukoplakia syndrome and hepatobatic necrosis syndrome, focusing on high-density breeding areas in the Pearl River Delta and western Guangdong.
5. Giant shrimp Roche: prone to whitetail disease, focusing on the farming area of the Pearl River Delta
2. Prevention and control measures
1, the prevention of freshwater fish wheelworm disease, inclined tube worm disease: thoroughly clear the pond disinfection, fish species can be used copper sulfate or potassium permanganate soaked before stocking, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate powder to prevent wheel worm disease and oblique tube worm disease.
2. Prevention of bacterial sepsis, gill rot and enteritis disease of freshwater fish: thorough pond disinfection, bromochlorohydantoin diluted with water and sprinkled in the whole pond, florfenicol powder mixed and fed.
3. Prevention and stimulation of cryptonuclear insect disease: (1) Reasonable discharge of cages, so that the water flow exchange is smooth, and the stocking density should be appropriate. (2) Feed artificial compound feed to reduce chilled fish and fresh fish as feed. (3) Freshwater soaking sick fish for 3 to 20 minutes, as appropriate, add antibacterial agent to the soaking solution. (4) Feeding multi-dimensional and immune enhancers to strengthen nutrition and improve disease resistance.
4. Prevention of turtle rot disease: potassium permanganate solution soaked for 10-15 minutes. Do not feed spoiled feed, and add multi-dimensional and immune enhancers to the feed to enhance nutrition.
5. Prevention of Penaeus vanilla syndrome: select shrimp fry without virus, dilute the povidone iodine solution with water, sprinkle the whole pool, regularly sprinkle microbial preparations and substrate improvers, adjust water quality, and add multi-dimensional and immune enhancers to the feed to strengthen nutrition.
6. Prevention of shrimp liver and pancreatic necrosis syndrome: (1) Strengthen the disinfection of the bottom of the pond with disinfectant. (2) According to the different salinity, polyculture is carried out with grass carp, leather-bearded catfish, American redfish or cobia. (3) In order to reduce the pH of the digestive tract of shrimp, it is recommended to feed 1-2 times a day with lactobacillus fermentation.
7. Prevention of giant shrimp disease: select shrimp fry without virus, regularly sprinkle microbial preparations and substrate improvers, adjust water quality, and add multi-dimensional and immune enhancers to the feed to strengthen nutrition.
Aquaculture disease forecast in Hunan Province in April
According to the forecast of the Hunan Provincial Meteorological Department, the average weather temperature in the province in April is higher than in previous years, and most areas have more precipitation and larger temperature fluctuations. Among them, the south of Xiangzhong is normal or slightly higher, the average temperature is higher than 15 °C, and in other areas, it is between 13 and 15 °C, and the temperature is 3 to 6 °C higher than that of the same period of the year. Most areas of the province have more rainy days and less sunshine, there has been a long period of rainy weather, and the precipitation in the province is more, but the west of Xiangxi and xiangnan is less than 50mm, and the rest of the country is 50~100mm.
According to the march aquaculture disease monitoring data and monitoring data of our province, the forecasts for important aquaculture species, major susceptible diseases and regions are as follows:
1, grass carp: prone to water mold disease, enteritis disease, rotten gill disease, anchor head loach disease, Chinese loach disease and so on. The key areas are mainly the main pond farming areas in the province.
2, silver carp, bighead carp: prone to water mold disease, parasitic diseases, occasional freshwater fish bacterial sepsis in the second half of the year, focusing on the province's ponds, reservoirs and other breeding areas.
3. Carp and crucian carp: prone to water mold disease, sporidiosis, anchor head loach disease, etc., and occasional freshwater fish bacterial sepsis. The focus areas are high-yield culture areas in carp and crucian carp ponds.
4. Spotted forktail catfish: susceptible to bacterial diseases, the area of concern is The seedling breeding farms and farms of spotted forktail catfish breeding in Yiyang, Huaihua, Xiangxi and other areas, especially high-density cage farms.
1. Do a good job in pond cleaning and disinfection. Thorough disinfection with quicklime or bleach powder, elimination of pathogens and wild trash fish, etc.; Seedlings should be soaked in 3%-5% salt water for 10-15 minutes before stocking.
2. Use insecticides to kill parasite larvae and eggs in early April, and kill insects again in mid-to-late April to kill surviving adults and larvae. The incidence of parasitic diseases is much lower throughout the year.
3. Prevent grass carp from red skin disease, gill rot disease, water mold disease, parasitic disease, and do a good job of clearing the pond before stocking, so as to kill the parasite larvae and pathogenic bacteria in the aquaculture water body; Disinfect and immunize fry; In the process of stocking and fishing, pay attention to the operation, do not hurt the fish body, or soak the diseased fish in salt water.
4. For bacterial diseases of spotted forktail catfish, it is necessary to strengthen feeding management, improve water environment conditions, scientific feeding, reduce stress, especially control stocking density, do a good job in immune prevention and control, and refer to the results of pathogenic bacteria susceptibility test when taking drugs.
Aquaculture disease prediction forecast in Chongqing in April
In March, the water temperature in Chongqing began to rise, and after experiencing the low temperature weather last winter, it is predicted that the infection rate of fish diseases will be higher in April this year compared with the same period last year, and attention should be paid to regulating water quality and strengthening feeding management.
1. Grass carp: prone to red skin disease, enteritis disease, water mold disease, anchor head loach disease. Focus on the city's second-instar grass carp breeding area.
2. Silver carp, bighead carp: prone to bacterial sepsis, water mold disease, anchor head bream disease. Focus on the city's silver carp and bighead carp breeding ponds.
3. Crucian carp: prone to enteritis disease, anchor head crucian disease. Focus on intensive crucian carp ponds throughout the city.
4. Carp: prone to enteritis. Focus on the city's high-yield carp breeding area.
1. Do a good job of pond disinfection. Use quicklime or bleach powder to thoroughly disinfect and eliminate pathogens and wild trash fish.
2. Avoid fish damage during the transportation and release of fry, and reduce the incidence of water mold disease. The seedlings are disinfected before stocking and soaked in 3% to 5% salt water for 10 to 15 minutes.
3. For grass carp and other fish with a large amount of feeding, feeding should not be excessive to prevent the occurrence of enteritis.
4. April is the initial stage of grass carp "three diseases", but also the best time to prevent, it is recommended to use chlorine-containing preparations or quaternary ammonium salts to sprinkle the whole pool for disinfection, such as the onset of the disease in addition to disinfection, plus enrofloxacin mix feeding, the dosage per kilogram of fish is 30 ~ 50mg, once a day, for 3 to 5 days.
5. For the treatment of anchor head loach disease, the solution of dimethodia is 0.1 to 0.2g per 1 cubic meter of water after being fully diluted with water.
6. To treat water mold disease, soak the fish body with 15~20ml potassium permanganate solution for 15min.
Aquaculture disease forecast in Hebei Province in April
In April, temperatures and water in Hebei province began to rise, but the water temperature remained low. After overwintering, aquatic animals are weak and susceptible to diseased organisms, and feeding management should be strengthened. According to the monitoring data of aquaculture disease monitoring in the province in the same period in the past two years, the focus should be on the infectious hematopoietic organ necrosis of rainbow trout and fish water mold in April.
First, disease prediction
1. Water mold disease: freshwater cultured fish can occur, the prevailing water temperature is 10 °C ~ 20 °C, focusing on the inland areas of Hebei Province.
2. Infectious hematopoietic organ necrosis: the main object is rainbow trout, the younger the fish age, the more sensitive to the disease, the incidence of water temperature is 8 °C ~ 15 °C. Focus on the Taihang Mountain and Yanshan areas of Hebei Province.
3. Carp spring virusemia: the main objects are carp, koi, goldfish, etc., and the water temperature of the disease is 8 °C ~ 20 °C, especially in 15 °C ~ 17 °C. Although there has been no disease in recent years, vigilance should be raised. Focus on the inland areas of Hebei Province.
In addition, it is also necessary to prevent erythroderma and erectile scale disease in advance.
1. Precautions
(1) Do a good job of pond disinfection, and try to remove pathogenic microorganisms stored in the pond silt; Do a good job of seedling disinfection to prevent seedlings from bringing in pathogenic microorganisms; The introduction of seedlings should be quarantined to control pathogens from the source.
(2) For carp, grass carp, silver carp, bighead carp and other freshwater fish water mold disease, red skin disease, vertical scale disease, before stocking should do a good job of clearing the pond and disinfecting tools; When transporting and stocking fingerlings in a net, handle them carefully to avoid touching the fish body as much as possible, and disinfect the fish body by soaking it in potassium permanganate or salt water before entering the pond.
(3) Improve feed quality, add immune enhancers to feed, etc. to improve fish disease resistance.
2. Therapeutic measures
(1) For fish that have suffered from water mold disease, the fish body can be soaked in salt water or water mold, and the pond can be disinfected with chlorine preparations or quicklime.
(2) For the infectious hematopoietic organ necrosis of rainbow trout, the pathogen pond and adjacent ponds should be isolated, and the water body can be continuously disinfected with povidone iodine solution for 7 days, with an interval of 5 days, and then continuously disinfected for 7 days, and immune enhancers and antiviral drugs should be fed to prevent the expansion of the disease; It is forbidden to use water for breeding, it is strictly forbidden to cross-use breeding tools, and the diseased fish are isolated and reared, and dead fish are buried deep; Promptly report the condition to the superior competent department.
(3) For koichun viremia, the emphasis is on prevention, and there is no effective treatment. Ponds with disease and adjacent ponds should be isolated, disinfected with povidone iodine solution, and fed immune enhancers and antiviral drugs to prevent the disease from expanding; It is forbidden to use water for breeding, it is strictly forbidden to cross-use breeding tools, and the diseased fish are isolated and reared, and dead fish are buried deep; Promptly report the condition to the superior competent department.
(4) For fish that have suffered from erythroderma and vertical scale disease, florfenicol powder or enrofloxacin powder bait can be fed, and water bodies can be disinfected with chlorine preparations or quicklime.