Recently, a reporter from Ocean and Fisheries came to One of the largest island breeding sites in Guangdong - Guishan Island in Zhuhai, which has a vast sea area, clear sea waters, gentle winds and gentle waves, and is also a well-known cage breeding base in the country.
Sin Rongsen's more than 70 tanks of deep-water cages are distributed in this area. Sin Rongsen has been engaged in cage culture for more than ten years. At present, there are fishing row culture area of 20,000 to 30,000 square meters, more than 70 boxes of deep-water cages, distributed in the sea near Zhuhai, mainly breeding cobia, golden pomfret and other marine fish.
Cobia culture can reach 1.5 to 2 kg in half a year, 6 to 8 kg in 1 year, and more than 10 kg in 2 years, with fast growth rate and high economic value, showing great breeding prospects. After the success of the full artificial breeding and large-scale seedling breeding technology of cobia, the scale of domestic aquaculture has expanded rapidly, and it has now become an important cage water aquaculture species in the southern coastal area of China.
"This fish is easier to keep, fast and profitable. For so many years, the cost of breeding can basically be controlled at 8 to 10 yuan / kg, and the price of fish is relatively stable, generally 21 ~ 22 yuan / kg, and the annual output of my dozens of cages is 20 to 300,000 kg of fish. "In this way, the annual net profit is more than 10 million!" Hearing this, is it very heartwarming, the reporter's first thought is to immediately find a piece of the sea, install dozens of deep-water cages in the surrounding sea, and start breeding cobia.
Don't worry, don't worry, or read the following content first, and then decide if you are suitable for breeding cobia.
Cobia, also known as sea carp, is a tropical marine large edible fish, its meat is tender and delicious, the production of sashimi is pure white, the meat is thick and fine, smooth and not greasy, can be completely comparable with salmon, welcomed by Taiwan, Japan, South Korea and the United States market. At present, cobia is mainly exported to Taiwan, Hong Kong, Japan and South Korea, and domestic consumption is very small.
Farmed cobia, in order to make the meat quality meet the requirements of export production sashimi, basically use deep-sea anti-wind and wave cage culture, and the sea water requirements are higher, high-quality sea areas due to good water quality, farmed cobia can achieve similar to the wild stocking environment, so that the quality and taste of the fish cultured are excellent.
Of course, to find a piece of water temperature is appropriate, the water source of high-quality sea area is only not enough, but also requires the depth of the sea water in the sea area of more than 10m, the seawater flow rate is slower, sheltered from the wind, so that the installation of deep-water cages for breeding is more secure.
"Now the deep-water cages I use for aquaculture are all 70m in circumference, and the market price of one cage is about 200,000." Sin Rongsen told reporters. It is understood that the cobia cultured in the cage often inhabits the bottom of the cage, and once fed food, it quickly swims to the top to compete for food, and after eating, it dives into the water. In order to provide sufficient space and resting places, Sin Rongsen uses large deep-water cages with a circumference of 70 m and a depth of 7 to 8 m for aquaculture. At present, the circumference of 40m, depth of 5 to 5 .8m of medium-sized deep-water cages, each market price is also 70,000 to 80,000 yuan, and large deep-water cages, such as a circumference of 70m a price of up to 200,000 yuan, for ordinary farmers is indeed too high threshold.
In addition, the price of cobia fry is not cheap, guangdong farmed cobia fry mainly from Hainan, the average price of 20 to 30 cm size fry is 7.5 yuan / tail. Even in small areas, the cost of seedlings is tens of thousands of yuan. Although the previous sea area aquaculture is free, the recent new sea area charging standard has not yet landed, the sea area rental cost can be ignored for the time being, but the breeding conditions are harsh, and the initial input cost is huge, resulting in few farmers being able to join the ranks of cobia farming.
"Cobia only eat wild small trash fish, and there is no artificial compound feed to feed. Starting from the standard thickness, I will feed as many small trash fish as I want, and keep it full, afraid that the small trash fish are not enough. Master Wei, a breeding technician, said this when introducing his experience. It turns out that although the cobia grows fast, it is also particularly edible, and the amount of food is very large. But the source of small trash fish is not guaranteed, and it is not available every day.
The price of wild trash fish in the sea is 1.5 to 1.8 yuan / catty, mainly to see the catch of the sea fishing boat, there is really no small trash fish feeding, but also can only let the cobia in the cage starve and endure, until the purchase of sea fish small trash fish. However, in general, there are fewer cases of small trash fish for several consecutive days, and after a day or two of food cut off, we will always find small trash fish in the sea.
"When the cobia is more than 10 pounds in size, it is the most fierce. At its peak, I bought 700,000 to 800,000 yuan for the feed of small trash fish. Xian Rongsen told reporters that due to the large area of breeding, the demand for small miscellaneous fish is also large, he is directly taking a hand of small miscellaneous fish, completely without going through the head to tail, so the price is relatively low, generally 1.2 yuan / catty. But the cobia is greedy and full,000, and sometimes it really can't satisfy its big appetite.
Cobia has a large mouth, slightly inclined, nearly horizontal and wide, fierce to eat, raising a pound of cobia to consume about 8 pounds of small miscellaneous fish. At present, artificial feed cannot be solved, and we can only constantly find a suitable supply of small trash fish from the sea.
The cobia culture cycle is 1.5 to 2 years. In order to ensure the survival rate and growth rate, cobia culture is generally carried out first. Every February, the purchased seeds are first marked on the small fishing row of 4m×4m×2.5m, and the breeding density is about 2000 fish, at which time it can be fed small trash fish, generally in the morning and evening. After half a year of standard thickness, it can grow to 3 to 4 kg in August, and at this time it can be moved into deep-water cage culture, and the stocking density of deep-water cages with a circumference of 40m is 1500 to 1800 tails. If you survive the winter safely, by August of the following year, the maximum individual can reach more than 20 pounds / tail specifications, and from August to November, fish can be listed one after another (the listing size is 20 to 25 pounds / tail).
The net profit of each pound of cobia can reach 10 yuan, of course, this is all ideal situations. "This year's cold wave, dozens of cage-farmed cobia suffered heavy losses, about 70% of them died, losing millions of dollars." Sin Rongsen revealed that this year suffered a once-in-a-century cold wave, and he farmed several species of cobia with the heaviest losses, the last such tragic experience was the 2008 frost disaster.
Originally, cobia were tropical marine fish and were not tolerant to low temperatures. When the sea temperature is 19 °C, it stops feeding, the activity weakens at 17 °C ~ 18 °C, it is stationary at the bottom of the water, and when the water temperature is lower than 16 °C, it will freeze to death. If you really encounter a big cold wave disaster, the cage is generally unable to move, and there is basically no way to save the loss, so there is also a high risk under high returns.