1. King Hui of Chu, Xiong Zhang, son of King Zhao of Chu, daughter of Gou Jian, the king of Yue, the first monarch of the State of Chu during the Warring States period, reigned from 488 BC to 432 BC, reigned for 57 years.
In 480 BC, King Hui of Chu sent Zi Xi and Zi Qi to attack the state of Wu. In 478 BC, King Hui of Chu sent his son Gongsun Chao (公孙朝), the son of Zixi, to lead an army to seize the wheat of the State of Chen. The Chen people resisted and were defeated, and the Gongsun Dynasty besieged the State of Chen. On the eighth day of July of the same year, the army of the Gongsun Dynasty killed the Duke of Chen and destroyed the State of Chen, and Chen was set as a county. In 477 BC, the State of Ba besieged the chu state of Fudi. The Chu generals Gongsun Ning, Wu Yin, and Xue Gu defeated the Ba army at Yudi. In 476 BC, the State of Yue sent troops to attack the State of Chu. King Hui of Chu sent Gong Gongqing and Gongsun Kuan to lead an army to pursue the Vietnamese army, but when they pursued to the underworld, they did not catch up with the Vietnamese army. In the autumn of the same year, King Hui of Chu, in retaliation for the Yue state, sent Ye Gong Shen Zhuliang to lead an army to attack Dongyi, and the people of Sanyi (in present-day Ningbo, Taizhou, and Wenzhou, Zhejiang) allied with the Chu state in Ao Di (in present-day Coastal Zhejiang), and the power of the Chu state developed to the East China Sea. At that time, the State of Wu gradually became stronger, insulting the State of Qi and the State of Jin, and attacking the State of Chu. In 447 BC, King Hui of Chu sent troops to attack the State of Cai, and Cai Houqi, the ruler of the State of Cai, fled to other countries. In 445 BC, King Hui of Chu destroyed the state of Qi (杞国, northeast of present-day Anqiu, Shandong). After the fall of the State of Wu by the State of Yue, the State of Yue was unable to rule the Jianghuai and Huaibei regions, and the State of Chu took the opportunity to expand to the area around Surabaya and took the opportunity to attack the State of Song. In 439 BC, King Hui of Chu ordered the Lu people to build a ladder and prepare to attack the Song state. Later, it was blocked by Mozi. In the fifty-seventh year of King Hui of Chu (432 BC), King Hui of Chu died and was succeeded by his son King Jian of Chu.
2. King Jian of Chu (?– 408 BC), surnamed Qi, Xiong, son of King Hui of Chu, reigned from 431 BC to 408 BC. In the first year of the reign of King Jian of Chu (431 BC), King Jian of Chu sent troops to destroy the state of Ju (莒国, in present-day Ju County, Shandong). In the seventh year of King Jian of Chu (425 BC), civil unrest broke out in the Song kingdom, and the Song mourned the Duke of Chu and asked the State of Chu for help. King Jian of Chu ordered Mo Aoyang to lead his division to build cities in Huangchi and Yongqiu to quell the song civil unrest. Wei Si, Zhao Huan, and Han Qizhang of the Jin Dynasty led their divisions to besiege Huangchi. In 424 BC, King Jian of Chu ordered Mo Aoyang to lead a division to attack the Jin state, capture Yiyang, and besiege Chi'an to restore Huangchi's division. Wei Si, Zhao Huan, and Han Qizhang led their divisions to rescue Chi'an, and the Chu people retreated from the siege and fought with the Jin division on the Great Wall. The Chu division was defeated and abandoned the heavy load and fled. In 413 BC, King Jian of Chu sent troops to attack the State of Wei and attack Shangluo (上洛, in modern Shangluo, Shaanxi). In 408 BC, King Jian of Chu died and was succeeded by his son King Sheng of Chu.
3. King Sheng of Chu (?-402 BC), surnamed Xiong (熊氏), reigned from 407 BC to 402 BC. During his reign, the society of the Chu State was turbulent, and the Chu State gave it the nickname "Sound", and the Yi Zhou Shu Tan Fa Xie Yun: "Does not give birth to the sound of its country". In 402 BC, King Chu sheng was killed by "thieves", and his son Xiong Suspect succeeded to the throne as King of Chu.
4. King Of Chu (?-381 BC), surnamed Qi, Xiong, and given the name Doubt (一作類), reigned 401 BC – 381 BC. In the second year of the reign of King Chu (400 BC), the combined forces of the Three Jin Dynasties defeated the Chu division at Chengqiu (present-day southwest of Juye County, Shandong). In the ninth year of King Chu's reign (393 BC), the State of Chu attacked Korea and captured The Imperial Household (黍黍, southwest of present-day Dengfeng County, Henan). In the eleventh year of the reign of King Mo of Chu (391 BC), the combined forces of the Three Jin Dynasties defeated chu forces at Daliang (大梁; northwest of present-day Kaifeng, Henan) and Yuguan (present-day northeast of Xinzheng, Henan). The State of Chu was overwhelmed, so it had to "bribe Qin" and ask for the assistance of the State of Qin, so the State of Qin sent troops to capture Liuyi in Korea, and the Three Jins turned to deal with the State of Qin, reducing the pressure on the State of Chu.
King Mo of Chu was a ming emperor who was facing the disadvantages of the war with Jin, and he hoped to get talent, and it was at this time that Wu, who had been ostracized in the State of Wei, rose up and came to the State of Chu. The state of Wei flourished because of Wei Wenhou's use of talents, and a few years after Wei Wenhou's death (396 BC), Wei Wuhou expelled Wu Qi, who had made great contributions to the Wei state, and the State of Wei also went into decline. Wu Qi arrived in the Chu state around 388 BC, and Wu Qi went to Chu, indicating that the king of Chu was thirsty for talents. King Mo of Chu first asked him to govern the border town of Wan (Nanyang, Henan), and then appointed Wu Qi as Ling Yin (令尹) and implemented a change of law.
First of all, the privileges of the great nobles were reduced, and the "order of reducing the knighthood" was promulgated, with different practices such as "loss", "collection", and "equalization". "Strike the incompetent, useless, and unhurried officials." "To make the prince Sun III and receive his knighthood". "Ping" is aimed at high-ranking officials who are still in power, "Pingqi Zhilu". Second, rectify the administration of officials and "clearly judge the law." Streamline the organization, eliminate redundant personnel; "plug the private door of the request, a Chu custom", that is, block the private request (bribery), change the bad customs of the Chu state. Third, actively develop remote areas and let the nobles "go to the real and vast land". Fourth, reform the military system, "we must strengthen the army" and "encourage the armored soldiers to strive for the benefit of the world at the same time." Wu Qi also rewarded the cultivation war, "forbidden tourists, intensive farming warriors." Wu Qi forbade the Zongheng family to come to the Chu state to lobby. The King of Chu appointed Wu Qi to change the law, which greatly increased the strength of the Chu state. Sima Qian, in the Biography of Sun Tzu Wu Qilie, said: "The King of Chu mourns The King of Chu smells the sage, and the king of Chu is xiang Chu. The Ming Dynasty decreed that officials who were not in a hurry should be donated (damaged) and those who were alienated from the Gong clan should be abolished in order to raise the warriors. To strengthen the army, break the words of the cross-handed. Therefore, the Southern Ping Baiyue; the north and Chen, Cai, and the Three Jin Dynasties; the Western Qin, the princes suffered from the strength of Chu. "
In 383 BC, Wei and Zhao fought for the defense of the state, and Zhao asked Chu for help. In 381 BC, King Mo of Chu ordered Wu Qi to unify the army to save Zhao. The Wei army was defeated by the Chu army in the west of the prefecture, and the Chu army fought all the way to the Yellow River. The Zhao army counterattacked and occupied Wei's Thorn Pu. Just when the Chu kingdom was victorious, the king of mourning suddenly fell ill and died. The old nobles Qu Yiusu, Yang Chengjun and others were not willing to fail, believing that the time for revenge had come, and they launched an attack on Wu Qi. Wu Qi lay down on the corpse of the king, and the random arrow shot at Wu Qi, and at the same time hit the corpse of the king. After these people killed Wu Qi, they also dismembered Wu Qi's body.
King Chu Mourning's son Qi Xiongzang succeeded to the throne, and for the king of Chusu, he expressed his position on the killing of Wu Qi, saying that Wu Qi should be killed, and that he should reward the person who killed Wu Qi, and when he heard that there was a reward, the person who killed Wu Qi reported to king Chu Su in order to fight for merit, and king Chu Su wiped out all three tribes. According to the laws of the State of Chu, anyone who touches the king's corpse with a weapon shall be put to death and convicted of the three tribes. Except for Yang Chengjun, who escaped, the other 70 or so were all netted. Yang Chengjun's fiefdom was also confiscated. The Lü Shi Chunqiu calls it "the wisdom of Wu Qi".
5. King Su of Chu, surnamed Qi, Xiong, and Zang, reigned from 380 BC to 370 BC. In 377 BC, Shu cut down Chu and took Zifang (present-day Songzi, Hubei), and Chu was forced to build a defensive position at Jianguan (present-day western Yichang, Hubei). In 375 BC, Wei attacked Chu and fought at Yuguan (榆關, in present-day southwest of Zhongmu, Henan), and Korea took the opportunity to attack the state of Zheng and move the capital to Zheng (present-day Xinzheng, Henan). In 371 BC, the Wei army captured the Chu state of Luyang. King Su of Chu died in the eleventh year (370 BC) and was succeeded by his brother Xiong Liangfu as King Xuan of Chu.
6. King Xuan of Chu (?-340 BC), surnamed Qi, Xiong, mingliangfu, brother of King Su of Chu, reigned from 369 BC to 340 BC. In 358 BC, Chu cut down Wei and broke the river to attack Changyuan. In 354 BC, the Wei army besieged the Zhao capital Handan, and the King of Chu ordered Jing She to lead the Chu army to aid Zhao. At the same time, he sent his division to invade Badi (southeast of Baguo, east of Chongqing, Sichuan), and in 353 BC, Chu envoy Jing Shefa Wei. Wei Ba Handan, Chu took Wei Sui And Tao. In 344 BC, Jingshe Western Attacked Cai, and Kegao Cai captured Cai Shenghou. In 343 BC, he sent troops to destroy Chen and Cai. When Yin Zhaoxi was in power, the chancellor Jiang Yi told King Xuan that Zhaoxi was just a fox and a false tiger, relying on King Xuan's power to make a blessing. In 341 BC, the Qi general Tian Ji was designed by Qi Xiang Zou Ji, and the coup failed and came to defect. In 340 BC, King Xuan of Chu died, and Zi Xiong Shang li was the king of Chu Wei.
7. Xiong Shang ,329 BC), King xiong of Chuwei (?-329 BC), surnamed Xiong( 芈氏), courtesy name Shang, son of King Xuan of Chu, reigned from 339 BC to 329 BC. In 338 BC, Duke Xiao of Qin died and was succeeded by his son King Huiwen of Qin, who killed Shang Martin. In 337 BC, King Wei of Chu, along with Marquis Zhaohou of Han, Marquis Su of Zhao, and King of Shu, sent emissaries to the State of Qin to congratulate King Huiwen of Qin.
"The Legend of Mi Yue" Zhao Wenxuan as King Of Chu wei
In 334 BC, King Wei of Qi and King Hui of Wei met in Xuzhou, recognized each other's throne, and fought against the State of Chu. King Chu Wei was furious. In 333 BC, the King of Chu Wei was proclaimed king of the State of Qi, and at the same time Meng Yujun's father Tian Bao deceived the State of Chu, so he personally led a large army to cut Qi and defeated the Qi army at Xuzhou, demanding that the State of Qi must expel Tian Bao. Tian Bao was afraid, and Zhang Ug persuaded the King of Chu Wei for Tian Bao, saying: "The reason why the king was able to win in Xuzhou was because the State of Qi did not use Tian Panzi. Tian Panzi had meritorious service to the State of Qi, and the common people supported him. Tian Bao did not like Tian Panzi and appointed Shen Jiao. Shen bound this man, the ministers did not personally attach him, the people did not serve him, so the king won the country of Qi. Now the king wants the State of Qi to expel Tian Bao, and after Tian Bao is expelled, Tian Panzi will inevitably be used. The state of Qi reorganized its soldiers to fight the king, which would certainly be detrimental to the king. Therefore, the King of Chu Wei no longer demanded the expulsion of Tian Bao.
In the eleventh year of King Chu Wei (329 BC), King Chu Wei died, and his son Xiong Huai took the throne as King Huai of Chu.
8. Xiong Huai, King of Chu Huai (c. 355 BC – 296 BC), courtesy name Xiong Huai (芈氏), xiong (熊氏), courtesy name Huai , was the son of King Hui of Chu and the father of King Xiang of Chu , reigning from 328 BC to 299 BC. He succeeded to the throne in 328 BC and was known as King Huai of Chu. In the same year, Wei took advantage of Chu's funeral and cut Down Chu to take the trail mountain. In 323 BC, in the name of sending The Duke Gao of Wei back to the State of Wei, the State of Chu sent Sima Zhaoyang to lead troops to attack the State of Wei, and at Xiangling, it destroyed the Wei army, won the victory, and captured the eight cities of the State of Wei. In 318 BC, the dukes of Han Zhao, Wei Yan, and other princes pushed King Huai of Chu as the commander and attacked Qin from both the east and the west. King Huai of Chu became famous and became another overlord after King Hui of Wei. However, due to the different intentions of the nations, the union was broken by Qin. At this time, the world formed the three major forces of Qi, Chu and Qin, and an alliance was formed between Qi and Chu. In 313 BC, the Qi-Chu coalition attacked Qin's Quwo and cut off Qin's tentacles. In 312 BC, the Qin state Zhang Yi deceived Chu, the king of Chu Huai was so angry that he sent an army to attack the state of Qin, which was greatly destroyed by Wei Zhang at Danyang, and the king of Huai then gathered the troops of the whole country and launched an attack, and then suffered a crushing defeat at Lantian, and then in 311 BC, the state of Qin attacked Zhaoling, the state of Chu was defeated in three battles, Han Wei took the opportunity to attack the northern part of the state of Chu, and the state of Chu fell from then on. In 306 BC, when the State of Chu took advantage of the civil unrest in Yue, it united with the State of Qi to attack the State of Yue, occupied the capital of the State of Yue in the former homeland of the State of Wu, killed the King of Yue without borders, and took all the lands of the original State of Wu, and set up Jiangdong as a county. As a result, the Kingdom of Yue fell apart, and the remnants fled to their homeland, and their sons competed for the throne, some of them as kings, some as kings, living along the southern coast of the Yangtze River. In 301 BC, Qi and Han Wei defeated the Chu army at Chuisha, and at the same time, Qin also sent troops to defeat the Chu state. The State of Chu declined further. In 299 BC, the State of Qin captured eight cities in the State of Chu, and King Yaohuai of Qin met at Wuguan. King Huai did not heed zhao sui and Qu Yuan's advice and decided to go to Wuguan, but was detained by the state of Qin. The King of Qin forced him to cut off the land to save his life, but the King of Chu Huai refused. During Qin's detention of King Huai of Chu, the Chu people made Crown Prince Heng king, the King of Xiang of Chu. In 297 BC, King Huai of Chu fled, and the Qin blocked the road to Chu. King Huai fled to Zhao Province, and the State of Zhao did not dare to take him in, and King Huai attempted to flee to the State of Wei, but was captured by the Pursuing Soldiers of the State of Qin. In 296 BC, King Huai of Chu was killed in Xianyang. The State of Qin returned the body to the State of Chu, and "all the people of Chu pitied them, like sad relatives."
King Huai of Chu
9. Xiong Heng, king of Xiang of Chu, reigned from 298 BC to 263 BC. In the twenty-sixth year of king Huai of Chu (303 BC), the three kingdoms of Qi, Han, and Wei jointly sent troops to attack the State of Chu because of the chu state's betrayal of the alliance. King Huai of Chu sent the crown prince to the State of Qin as a hostage to request rescue. The State of Qin sent Ke Qingtong to lead an army to rescue Chu, and the Three Kingdoms withdrew. In the twenty-seventh year of King Huai of Chu (302 BC), Xiong Heng had a private fight with a doctor of the State of Qin, and Xiong Heng killed him and fled back to the State of Chu. In 301 BC, qi, Han, and Wei combined to defeat Chu at Chuisha. In the twenty-ninth year of King Huai of Chu (300 BC), the State of Qin attacked the State of Chu and defeated the Chu army, killing 20,000 soldiers in battle, and the Qin army killed the Chu general Jing Que. King Huai of Chu was afraid, so he sent Xiong Heng as a hostage to the State of Qi to seek peace with Qi, so as to avoid being attacked on both sides.
In the thirtieth year of King Huai of Chu (299 BC), the State of Qin attacked the State of Chu again and occupied eight cities of the State of Chu. King Zhao of Qin sent a letter to King Huai of Chu expressing his wish to form an alliance at Wuguan and return. Zhaoju did not allow King Huai of Chu to go, believing that it was enough to order the army to hold the city and prepare for a decisive battle with Qin. King Huai of Chu's son, Prince Xiong Heng's younger brother Zi Lan, persuaded King Huai of Chu to go. King Huai of Chu went to meet king Qin Zhao. As a result, they were captured in Xianyang, and King Qin Zhao did not have to meet with equal etiquette. King Huai of Chu was furious, and the State of Qin detained King Huai of Chu and threatened him to cede Wu County and Qianzhong County. King Huai of Chu did not agree.
In the first year of the reign of King Xiang of Chu (298 BC), the State of Qin threatened King Huai of Chu without obtaining land, and the State of Chu established a new king to deal with the State of Qin, and King Zhao, in anger, attacked the State of Chu, killed 50,000 Chu troops, and captured sixteen cities and pools such as the State of Chu. In 293 BC, Bai Qi defeated the combined Han and Wei armies at Yiqu, killing 240,000 people. King Zhao of Qin then sent a letter to King Xiang of Chu saying that he was willing to fight a decisive battle with the State of Chu, and in 292 BC, King Xiang of Chu married a bride from the State of Qin, and the State of Chu submitted to the State of Qin. In 285 BC, King Xiang of Chu and King Zhao of Qin met in Wanyi. In 284 BC, King Xiang of Chu, together with the states of Qin, Zhao, Wei, Han, and Yan, attacked the State of Qi and captured Huaibei. In 283 BC, King Xiang of Chu and King Zhao of Qin met at Yan. In the autumn of the same year, King Xiang of Chu met again with King Zhao of Qin at Yongyi. In 281 BC, King Xiang of Chu sent emissaries to various countries to re-plan the alliance, hoping to attack the Qin state. The State of Qin heard the news and sent troops to attack the State of Chu, and in 280 BC, the State of Qin defeated the State of Chu and ceded the Shangyong and Northern Han regions to the State of Qin. In 279 BC, Bai Qi led an army to capture xiling (西陵, in modern Yichang, Hubei) in the Chu state. In 278 BC, Bai Qi led an army to capture the capital of the Chu state of Ying, and burned the tomb of the former king of the Chu state, Yiling. King Xiang of Chu's army collapsed and retreated to Chencheng (陳城, in modern Huaiyang, Henan) and moved the capital to Chencheng. In 277 BC, the Qin army captured Wu County and Qianzhong Commandery of the Chu State. In 276 BC, King Xiang of Chu gathered soldiers from the eastern region, totaling more than 100,000 people, and went west to recover the fifteen yi along the Yangtze River and resist the Qin state. In 272 BC, King Xiang of Chu sent an army of 30,000 to attack the Yan state of Zhao, Wei, and Han. In the same year, Chu made peace with the State of Qin and sent Crown Prince Xiong to the State of Qin as a hostage.
In 263 BC, King Xiang of Chu, who had reigned for thirty-six years, fell ill and Xiong fled back to the Chu state. In the autumn of the same year, King Xiang of Chu died, and Xiong Quan took the throne as King chu kaolie.
King Chu Kaolie (290 BC – 238 BC) reigned for 25 years. In 272 BC, King Xiang of Chu made peace with the State of Qin, sent Crown Prince Xiong Guan to the State of Qin as a hostage, and at the same time sent the left disciple Huang Xie to serve Xiong Quan in the State of Qin. After King Chu Kaolie ascended the throne, huang xie served as ling yin, and the twelve counties of Huaibei were given to him, with the title of Chun Shenjun. In the same year, King Chu Kaolie moved from Chen Ying (郢郢, in present-day Huaiyang, Henan) to Shouchun (present-day Shou County, Anhui). In 262 BC, the State of Qin launched an attack on the State of Chu. Huang Xie "pro-Qin and Qin" ceded Zhouling (州陵, in present-day northwestern Xianning, Hubei) to the Qin state, and the State of Chu became even weaker. In 258 BC, Zhao Sheng, the Prince of Zhao Pingyuan, was ordered to come to the Chu state to request reinforcements. Talking with King Chu Kaolie from "sunrise" to "middle of the day", Mao Sui drew his sword and forced King Chu Kaolie and Zhao to "make up their minds with blood". After Zhao Pingyuanjun returned to China, the State of Chu sent troops to rescue Zhao, and Jing Yang led an army of 80,000 to the State of Zhao. Wei Xin Lingjun stole the soldier's charm, killed Jin, and led the army to defeat the Qin army under the city of Handan, and the siege of Handan was lifted.
After Chu Kaolie's death, the crown prince took the throne, that is, the King of Chu You.
11. King You of Chu (268 BC – 228 BC), surnamed Qi, xiong, and son of King Chu Kaolie (it is said that after Li Yuan's design, King Chu You was actually the illegitimate son of Chun Shenjun). Later, Li Yuan plotted to frame huang xie in place of Chunshen Jun, and was appointed as the Ling yin of the Chu state. In the third year of the reign of King You of Chu (235 BC), after the State of Qin attacked the State of Zhao, he ordered the general Xin Wu to lead four counties and horses to unite with the State of Wei and launch an attack on the State of Chu, but retreated in vain.
In 228 BC, King You, half-brother Xiong Yudai, was the King of Chu.
XII. King of Chu Ai (266 BC--- 228 BC), surnamed Qi, Xiong, name You, son of King Chu Kaolie, half-brother of King Chu You. In 228 BC, King You of Chu died and Xiong Yu succeeded to the throne as King of Chu. After reigning for just over two months, King Chu Ai was killed by his half-brother's disciples, his mother Li Yan was also killed, and his uncle Li Yuan's family was beheaded. Negative Blade established himself as king of Chu.
13. In 228-223, the king of Chu slandered Li Yuanmei's son as an illegitimate and unorthodox son, so he launched a coup d'état to seize the throne. King Qin attacked Chu Shouchun and was defeated and killed. In 226 BC, the Qin army cut down Chu and occupied more than ten cities. He proposed to the State of Qin that he intended to offer land west of Qingyang (present-day Changsha, Hunan) in order to seek peace. Qin still sent 200,000 troops to attack Chu Zhipingyu (present-day Pingyubei, Henan), Qi (present-day Linquan, Anhui), and Chen cheng (present-day Huaiyang, Henan). Taking advantage of the lack of preparation of the Qin army, the Chu army counterattacked, defeated the Qin army, killed seven lieutenants of the Qin army, and recovered the lost land. In 224 BC, the King of Chu was reluctant to sacrifice the land west of Qingyang and sent a Chu army to attack Qinzhinan Commandery(qin), where the former Chu capital was located. In the same year, Qin Shi Huang sent 600,000 troops to attack Chu. He sent the main force to resist Qin; the general Xiang Yan committed suicide after being defeated by the Qin army. In 223 BC, the Qin army invaded the Chu capital Shouchun (present-day Shou County, Anhui), and the Chu king was captured and the Chu state was killed. King Xiong Qi of Chu's younger brother Changping Jun Xiong Qi was proclaimed King of Chu in Huainan, with the capital Lanling as a barrier, according to the land of Wuyue. Later, the Qin army attacked by Mengwu, and the Changping Junbing committed suicide in defeat.
Changping Jun