The Qing Dynasty (1636-1912) was the last feudal dynasty in ancient Chinese history, with a total of twelve emperors. From the establishment of Nurhaci to the gold, a total of 296 years. From the time of Emperor Taiji to the change of the name of the country to qing, guozuo 276 years. From the time the Qing army entered the customs and seized the world, it was counted as 268 years. For the twelve emperors in the history of the Qing Dynasty, although Nurhaci loved the eldest son of Xinjueluo Tukeshi, Nurhaci was able to establish Houjin, apparently relying mainly on his own efforts to lay down the jiangshan. Among the Qing emperors after Nurhaci, neither Emperor Taiji, nor Kangxi, Yongzheng, or Qianlong, inherited the throne as the eldest son. As for the emperors at the end of the Qing Dynasty, such as Guangxu and Puyi, they were selected to take the throne because the previous emperors had no heirs. On this basis, for the twelve emperors of the Qing Dynasty, there was only one emperor who really ascended the throne as the eldest son, and this emperor was Ai Xin Jueluo Zaichun, that is, the Tongzhi Emperor.
One
First of all, in ancient Chinese history, the system of primogeniture began in the last year of the Shang Dynasty and was scheduled for the early Zhou Dynasty. The specific stipulations are as follows: "Li Zi is not long to be virtuous, and Li Zi is not long to be expensive". That is, since the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the eldest son, as one of the most basic principles of the patriarchal system, has been applied in most feudal dynasties. For example, in the Han Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and other dynasties, the primogeniture system basically needed to be strictly observed. However, after replacing the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty did not continue to adopt the primogeniture system, for example, Emperor Taiji was the eighth son of Qing Taizu Ai Xinjueluo Nurhaci, and after Emperor Taiji, Shunzhi, Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong and other emperors who were very familiar to everyone did not take the throne by virtue of the identity of the eldest son. That is to say, for the emperors of the Qing Dynasty, when choosing an heir, they no longer regarded the eldest son as the first principle. However, there are always exceptions to everything, and the Tongzhi Emperor mentioned in this article is the firstborn son to the throne.
Two
According to the "Draft History of the Qing Dynasty" and other historical records, Ai xin Jueluo Zaichun (April 27, 1856 – January 12, 1875), also known as Emperor Muzong of the Qing Dynasty, was the tenth emperor of the Qing Dynasty and the eighth emperor after the Qing Dynasty entered the Central Plains, with the era name "Tongzhi". In the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856), on the 23rd day of the third lunar month (April 27 of the Gregorian calendar), Zaichun was born in Chuxiu Palace. By 1858, when the Xianfeng Emperor was distressed by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, Zaichun's younger brother Wang Junjun died prematurely, and Zaichun has been the only surviving son of the Xianfeng Emperor and the biological son of Empress Dowager Cixi. Therefore, unlike the previous situation, because the Xianfeng Emperor only had one son, Zaichun, that is, there was no other heir to choose from, so Zaichun's ascension to the throne was naturally relatively smooth. In 1861, the Xianfeng Emperor died, and his eldest son, Ai Xinjueluo Zaichun, officially ascended the throne as the Tongzhi Emperor.
Three
Because the Tongzhi Emperor was only 6 years old at the beginning of his reign, the great power at that time was naturally in the hands of Empress Dowager Cixi. According to the "Draft History of the Qing Dynasty" and other historical records, during the reign of The Tongzhi Emperor, the Qing court relied on a number of important ministers such as Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, and Zuo Zongtang to suppress the Taiping Rebellion. By 1865, after the end of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, the Manchu mongol cavalry (Eight Banner Soldiers) of the Monk Greenqin was ambushed and completely annihilated, which prompted the Qing court to rely more on ministers such as Zuo Zongtang and Li Hongzhang. On this basis, after Zuo Zongtang and Li Hongzhang destroyed the Western Twister and the Eastern Twister respectively, the Twister Rebellion lasted until the seventh year of Tongzhi (1868). That is, in the early days of the reign of the Tongzhi Emperor, quelling the uprisings in various places became the top priority.
Four
Finally, after the Pacification of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement and the Twisting Army Rebellion, during the reign of the Tongzhi Emperor, the Qing Dynasty not only obtained a relatively stable historical stage, but also because of the emergence of the Foreign Affairs Movement, the Qing Dynasty made certain progress in technology, and this historical stage was called "Tongzhi Zhongxing". In the twelfth year of Tongzhi (1873), the Tongzhi Emperor, who was already about 18 years old, began to formally pro-government. However, what is unexpected is that after more than a year of the Tongzhi Emperor's pro-government, that is, the fifth day of the first month of december in the thirteenth year of Tongzhi (1874) (January 12, 1875 in the Gregorian calendar), the only emperor of the Qing Dynasty who took the throne as the eldest son of a concubine collapsed in the Yangxin Hall of the Forbidden City at the age of 19. Temple number Muzong. He was buried in The Hui Mausoleum of the Qing Dynasty in Zunhua, Hebei Province. Throughout the 12th Emperor of the Qing Dynasty, Ai XinJue Luo Zaichun was the youngest to die. Everyone in the world lamented that Chun was pathetic and pitiful, and there were many opinions about the cause of the death of the Tongzhi Emperor. What do you think about that? Feel free to leave your views and let's discuss them together.
Text/Sentimental History