Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Shanghai has actively played the role of a pathfinder for national education reform, successfully completed the pilot tasks of major national education reforms such as comprehensive education reform, comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination, and comprehensive reform of "three all-round education", cracked a number of bottlenecks that have long restricted the institutional mechanism for the development of education, accumulated a number of achievements in the first-mover system, continued to deepen the development of various types of education connotations at all levels, continued to rank in the forefront of the country, and significantly improved the international influence and competitiveness of education. The main indicators for the overall modernization of education have been reached first. On this basis, the "14th Five-Year Plan" for Shanghai's education development will take the implementation of Lide Tree as the fundamental task, take the higher quality development of education as the theme, focus on enhancing students' comprehensive literacy and ability to grasp the future, pay more attention to people's physical and mental health and all-round development, and strive to build a "five education" integration development system of morality, intelligence, physical fitness, beauty and labor.
First, adhere to moral education first, use the party's ideology to cast the soul and cultivate people
People cannot stand without morality, and the foundation of educating people lies in morality. In order to cultivate qualified socialist builders and successors, we must make efforts to strengthen the cultivation of moral character, educate and guide students to cultivate and practice the core socialist values, cultivate moral character in a down-to-earth manner, and become people with great love and great morality. In recent years, Shanghai has continuously explored the reform of moral education, taking the lead in opening an introductory course on Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era, building elective courses in the ideological and political science courses featuring the "China Series" courses, and promoting the reform of ideological and political science and discipline moral education throughout the country. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the primary task of implementing the fundamental task of Lide Shuren is to continuously improve students' ideological and moral qualities, persist in using the party's innovative achievements to cast souls and cultivate people, and vigorously promote Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era into teaching materials, classrooms, and minds, so that students can strengthen the "four self-confidences", strengthen ideals and beliefs, and shape a sound personality. As the birthplace of the party and the place where the original intention originated, Shanghai has rich red resources and profound red heritage, which is the most vivid material and effective carrier of moral education.
Second, pay attention to the transformation of intellectual education and cultivate innovative talents who are good at learning
In the past, education was more about quantity, focusing on knowledge transfer and focusing on "what to teach". The current education should be in accordance with General Secretary Xi Jinping's concept of high-quality development, pay more attention to quality, "wake up and inspire", pay more attention to improving learning literacy, and return education to the essence. Shanghai's education quality is at the forefront of the country, students and teachers in the compulsory education stage have achieved excellent results in participating in the international education quality assessment, ordinary high schools have diversified development, and many colleges and universities have been selected as national "double-first-class" construction universities. However, compared with the mass expectations of "good education for young children and excellent education for learning", and compared with the needs of serving the construction of science and technology innovation centers and realizing scientific and technological self-reliance and self-reliance, the "14th Five-Year Plan" Shanghai education also needs to pay more attention to the strong needs of the people to "learn well" on the basis of meeting the people's "learning", and further improve the quality. It is necessary to continuously improve students' learning literacy, pay attention to protecting students' curiosity, imagination, and curiosity, stimulate interest in inquiry and learning, improve learning ability, enrich humanistic heritage, and cultivate scientific spirit. Cultivate students' cognitive ability, promote thinking development, and stimulate a sense of innovation. Cultivate more high-quality innovative talents for economic and social development, and help Shanghai continuously improve its ability to source innovation.
Third, highlight sports literacy and promote the comprehensive and healthy growth of students
Health is an inevitable requirement for the promotion of the all-round development of the human person and an indispensable part of education. With the deepening of the modernization process of education in Shanghai, Shanghai should truly integrate sports into education and make high-quality sports an important support for high-quality education. In this regard, Shanghai should be ahead of the whole country, and the state proposes to promote students to master at least 1 sports skill in the basic education stage, and Shanghai proposes to master at least 2 sports skills. At the same time, it is necessary to guide students to develop the habit that sports are part of a healthy life, promote the coordinated development of youth cultural learning and physical exercise, and help students enjoy fun in physical exercise, enhance physical fitness, improve personality, temper will, and give full play to the function of sports education.
Fourth, adhere to the beauty of educating people, improve students' aesthetic and humanistic literacy
Shanghai insists on the implementation of universal education for everyone as the core goal of aesthetic education in schools, requiring all compulsory education stages of schools to "open up, open up, and do well" compulsory courses such as art, music, and art classes, and on this basis, to ensure that every primary and secondary school student has at least 1 art hobby and master 1 art skill. Not long ago, the 11th Plenary Session of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee clearly proposed to vigorously enhance the soft power of the city and make every effort to build an international cultural metropolis with world influence. For Shanghai education, strengthening the function of aesthetic education, enhancing the soft power of students' aesthetic education literacy, and cultivating students to "feel and discover the beauty of the city and build a more beautiful city" is the best action to practice "everyone participates in the construction of soft power" and "everyone is soft power".
Fifth, do a good job in labor education, advocate the unity of knowledge and action, and work to cultivate people
Labor can build morality, can increase intelligence, can strengthen the body, can cultivate beauty, and has the value of comprehensive education. Strengthening labor education is related to the all-round development and healthy growth of young people. The vast majority of today's students grew up in an environment where they did not have to worry about eating and wearing, and it is more important and more challenging to cultivate their hard-working spirit and fighting spirit. Therefore, labor education cannot be generalized, and labor education must be done in a down-to-earth and proper manner, follow the laws of education and teaching and the law of personnel training, arrange the content requirements of labor education in an orderly manner, form a labor education system in which each school section is progressive and consistent, organize students to work in a down-to-earth manner, let students sweat in labor, adhere to self-care in daily life, regular social practice, and complete certain labor tasks. Only in this way can students receive training, temper their will, strengthen their responsibility, truly feel and realize the most glorious, noble, greatest, and most beautiful labor values, and then respect labor, love labor, and advocate labor. Shanghai has long been carrying out a work to sort out and count how many social practice positions can be provided for students, which is to incorporate labor into the education process.
Adhering to the integration of the "five educations" of morality, intelligence, physical fitness, beauty, and labor, leading all types of school education at all levels to return to the original nature of educating people, and promoting the comprehensive and individual development of students is "for the lifelong development of every student", which is not only the essential connotation of education, but also the inevitable requirement for cultivating qualified socialist builders and successors.
(The author is the president of Shanghai Maritime University)
Column Editor-in-Chief: Xu Ruizhe Text Editor: Xu Ruizhe Caption Source: Figure Worm Image Editor: Zhu Xuan
Source: Author: Lu Jing
![Lu Jing, director of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, officially took up his new position ~ ~ Teacher Lu, who is difficult to stir-fry in the exam, likes to give undergraduate students a big lesson the most![fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)