After the outbreak of the September 18 Incident, the famous Shanghai film magazine "Shadow and Drama Life" successively received more than 600 letters from the audience, urging people in the film industry to "wake up and save the country." In order to get rid of the business predicament and increase the attendance rate, the bosses of various film companies " turned to the left one after another under the influence of the anti-Japanese patriotic demands of the vast number of film workers, and progressive film workers led by communists gradually became the creative backbone of various film companies. Zheng Junli and other left-wing literary and art workers, such as Zhao Dan, Jin Yan, Yuan Muzhi and other well-known filmmakers, also actively took action. However, there were also some female movie stars who were well-known at that time but are not familiar to the public today, such as Chen Bo'er, Xu Lai, Shu Xiuwen and Yingyin, who also participated in various ways and made their own contributions to the War of Resistance. Although their lives are short and bumpy, or they die young, or they are wronged, or they are angry and hang themselves, they all strongly interpret a series of thrilling "movies" of their own in a unique way.
Female star writer Chen Bo'er
With the rise of the left-wing film movement, in the 1930s, a number of drama actors who turned from left-wing theater to film emerged in Shanghai, such as Wang Ying, Hu Ping, and Ai Xia, the most famous of which was Chen Bo'er.
Her father was a businessman, and her mother was an aunt, so she was not very worthy of her grandmother and "big mother", often scolded, and often listened to the second brother tell her stories of ideological enlightenment. She was also quite rebellious, cut off her big braids, ran away from home with a "revolutionary head", studied all the way to the Literature Department of Shanghai University of the Arts, joined the "Shanghai Art Drama Society", and joined the left-wing dramatists' alliance. After being introduced by the teacher Zheng Boqi to Zhou Jianyun of the star company, he embarked on the film road and starred in his debut film "Youth Line" with Zhao Dan. She also signed a joint letter with Song Qingling, He Xiangning and 16 others to request the same punishment as the "Seven Gentlemen" who were arrested and imprisoned. She's just so brave!
Counting up, Shanghai can be said to be the starting point of her career, and it is also the place where the flower of her love blooms. Here, she met her husband Ren Bosheng, who was also the guide in her life journey. Ren's father was a Vietnamese overseas Chinese businessman, and after the two fell in love, they went to Hong Kong for a wedding. After marriage, he gave birth to his son Ren Ke, and then gave birth to a younger son, but the younger son died of an acute illness when he was more than two years old, and Chen Bo'er was greatly hit, so he returned to Shanghai to shoot movies to eliminate the bitterness in his chest. During the filming of "Peach and Plum Robbery", he had a secret relationship with Yuan Mu, and later co-starred in "Life and Death Together", until one day, Ren Bosheng suddenly found here and wanted to see Chen Bo'er. Chen Bo'er received him politely. He actually offered to restore the relationship with Chen Bo'er. Because Ren Bosheng had remarried, he was naturally rejected by Chen Bo'er's stern words. Chen Bo'er thought that this request was simply a great insult to him, and Ren Bosheng had no choice but to leave unhappily. In this way, the conjugal relationship between them ended. Then, she married Yuan Muzhi.
She has published novels and many articles, is known as a "female star writer", participated in the premiere of the famous anti-Japanese drama "Defending Lugou Bridge", and organized the Shanghai Women and Children Condolence Group to go to the Suiyuan front line to carry out anti-Japanese propaganda, and performed the street drama "Lay Down Your Whip" and so on. He participated in the filming of the film "Eight Hundred Heroes" in the China Film Studio, directed the anti-fascist famous drama "Professor Mamen", and later choreographed and directed the drama "Comrade, You Have Gone the Wrong Way" with Yao Zhongming and others, and was rated as a heroic model of culture and education in the border area. Together with Yuan Mu, he participated in the establishment of the Northeast Film Studio, and also presided over the filming of the series of news documentaries "Democracy in Northeast China" and directed China's first puppet film "Emperor's Dream".
In 1951, after she went to Guangzhou to handle the temporary suspension of the Pearl River Film Studio, she returned to her hometown to pick up her mother and left Guangzhou for Shanghai, and on the train, she said to her mother: "From now on, I will not leave you." "I didn't expect that this would soon become a permanent recipe." On November 9, he had a heart attack in Shanghai while talking with the writers, directors, actors and creators, and died the next day after being rescued by Tongji Hospital. Deng Yingchao wrote an affectionate tribute: "Comrade Bo'er, the news of your death has brought me heavy sorrow. You're an excellent filmmaker... For two years, your voice and smile have been haunting my mind, but you are no longer in the world. ”
Deeply understand the righteousness to see Xu Lai
The rapids retreat bravely, and it is even more rare to see the righteousness. Well, look at Xu Lai!
At the time, people said that she was very standard-looking and had the praise of "Oriental Standard Beauty" in the film industry. Imagine lin qingxia and Gong Li, two great oriental beauties who have this reputation in the film industry today, who were once considered standard oriental beauties, then we can probably imagine the beauty of Xu Lai. In fact, the most accustomed word used by Chinese people to praise the beauty of their daughter-in-law or daughter is Peugeot, which should reflect the aesthetics of Chinese. It is more dignified than beautiful and pretty, but at the same time a little exquisite. And Xu Lai is indeed very exquisite, she is very good at communication, often in and out of various social occasions, and has a strong ability to adapt. After marrying Li Jinhui, he helped Li take care of all the affairs of the song and dance troupe, from the tour plan to the food, clothing, shelter and transportation of dozens of people in the troupe, all of which were handled and handled in an orderly manner. Xu Lai not only looks beautiful, but also has talent, which is not easy.
Of course, her beauty was soon discovered. The star film company hired her to act in the silent film "Residual Spring", and the performance was very successful, the film was also very popular, and Xu Lai became famous in one fell swoop. At that time, she had many "fans" and often wrote to her, so that Xu Lai had to ask a secretary to help her deal with it. Such boldness is probably the first among Chinese movie stars, and she has her own private car after Yang Naimei, and the second among Chinese movie stars. Her acting career is also very prosperous, and the film contracts are continuous. However, when she played "The Boat Girl", Ruan Lingyu committed suicide, which greatly shocked her, making her very disappointed in the show business circle, "An artist with a high status, her ending is like this, and she is not happy to do movies anymore!" Xu Lai saw the shadow under the light and decided to quit the film world. Of course, this may also have a lot to do with the breakdown of her and Lai Jinhui's conjugal relationship. Li Jinhui is 18 years older than her, the "generation gap" is certainly not small, and the showbiz circle is a circle of right and wrong, and rumors and criticism are naturally indispensable. Ruan Lingyu committed suicide because of this. The rumors are indeed powerful and daunting. Xu Lai did not want to become the second Ruan Lingyu, so she chose to retire.
After quitting, Xu Lai met and married Tang Shengming. Who is Tang? The younger brother of Tang Shengzhi, a senior Kuomintang general, the second son of the large landlord "Tang Bancheng" in Dong'an, Hunan, a graduate of the fourth phase of the Whampoa Military Academy, and a lieutenant general of the Military Commission of the National Government. A hero, a beauty. Xu Lai's fate in life took a turn for the worse. First he went with Tang to Changde to be the wife of the commander of the security guard, and after the outbreak of the War of Resistance, he followed Tang to Shanghai to pretend to be a puppet, in fact, he was doing underground intelligence work for the Kuomintang, that is, a spy. At that time, in order to gain the trust of the Japanese, Tang made friends with pro-Japanese magnates in Nanjing and Shanghai, often going to various social occasions, spending money like dirt and acting ostentatiously. Xu Lai's communication ability and acting talent were just put into play, however, in the past, he was still a big star admired by thousands of people, but now he has become a traitor spurned by thousands of people. Xu Lai was very aggrieved, but for the sake of national righteousness, he still endured humiliation and burden. However, the heavens are clear, the matter is finally revealed to the world, and Xu Lai's festival is more of a purity to see the rainbow after the storm.
Hard to forget myself Shu embroidery text
"The four famous dans in the Chinese film industry ——— Bai Yang, Zhang Ruifang, Shu Xiuwen and Qin Yi, qin Yi is the most beautiful, but the most capable of acting is Shu Xiuwen." Zhang Dinghua, secretary of Jiao Juyin, director of the Beijing People's Art Theater, once said so.
Shu Xiuwen, who came from a family of middle school teachers, moved to Beijing with his parents at an early age, loved drama and film art since childhood, and participated in school drama performances, and later his father suffered from tuberculosis and had to withdraw from school to take on the heavy responsibility of supporting his family. There happened to be a dance hall near her home, she managed to meet a dancer, learned to dance for two weeks, and then changed her name to "Xu Feiqiong" into the dance hall as a dance girl. She was 15 years old. In the dance hall, a reporter who met her surnamed Chu coaxed her to go to Shanghai to get married, at this time, a creditor often came to the Shu family to pester, and wanted to take the embroidery to pay off the debt. She hid from her family and fled to Shanghai with the reporter.
However, this reporter already had a family, so Xiuwen left him and went to work in a Russian-style Western restaurant on Huaihai Road, where he met Ying Yunwei, Li Lilian, Gu Wenzong and others who often came to eat. Because he is fluent in Beijing dialect, he entered Tianyi Film Company as a voice actor, and also took time to serve as Gu Wenzong's tutor, and participated in the dubbing of China's first sound film "Song Girl Red Peony". Later, he really couldn't stand the rudeness of the owner of the film company, so he simply resigned and joined the Shanghai Jimei Song and Dance Society, and began his stage career, participating in the performances of dramas such as "Living Road" and "The Death of a Famous Artist". Soon the drama club was dissolved, and he joined the Mayflower Drama Society and the Spring and Autumn Drama Society, and his acting skills were appreciated by Tian Han, and he wrote the script "Plum Rain" for her. After the success of the performance, she attracted the attention of the film and drama community.
In 1932, Sui Tian Han joined the Shanghai Yihua Film Company, starred in two films, "National Survival" and "The Fury Tide of the China Sea", and since then, he has begun his film career, transferred to the Star Film Company, participated in the shooting of more than 20 films, and played various roles in films such as "Daughter Jing", "Blood Loyal Soul", and "Peach Blossom After the Disaster". Shu Xiuwen is not very pretty, but her eyes are particularly dark, particularly bright, very radiant, fair skin, can dress, can wear clothes, has a particularly good demeanor, and is known as "bone beauty". She is good at accurately showing the personality of her characters through inner activities, and director Li Pingqian predicted after watching her "Night Fragrance" on the same stage as Hu Die: "The pearl of embroidery will shine on the film field." Qin Yi recalled: "Hu Die's performance is still mainly a play, and Xiuwen focuses on shaping characters. In the 1950s, the national theater and film industry only rated four "artistic first-class actors", in addition to Zhao Dan, Jin Yan, and Bai Yang, that is, Shu Xiuwen. Acting seriously, educating children is equally strict. Shu Xiuwen was unable to have children due to physical reasons, so he adopted a son from his good sister in Chongqing and named him Zhaoyuan. Zhaoyuan went to the drama performance department of Beijing Opera College, unwilling to play a supporting role, and asked his mother to change roles. Shu Xiuwen asked him to watch "The Man with the Gun", but he never saw his mother appear. He ran backstage and asked, "Mom, what role are you playing?" Shu Xiuwen replied, "Typist." "Think it's strange?" Drama is a whole, and no one can do without it... You have to remember later that there are no small roles in the play, only small actors. ”
In March 1969, before she died, she said to her son: "What I have left you is not money, not status, nor honor; but the spirit of hard work, the spirit of selflessness, the spirit of struggle, in short, in a word, the spirit of serving the people." ”
Yihai spy mourns Yingyin
"The heavy bells whisper and mourn, bringing bad news of your death. You carry the pain of the world and plunge into the depths of the sea. The sea language is finally incomprehensible, and the shore becomes a sad voice. The liberation of death, conquer your fragile heart. Rest in peace, Yingyin! Thousands of people are sorry and sad for you, and thousands of people are reminiscing about your splendid artistic style, the historical relics of your art, and eternal life in the human world. Rest in peace, rest in peace..." This is the elegy that everyone at the Shanghai Wanguo Funeral Home sang for Yingyin.
On the night of January 19, 1942, Ying Yin stayed at the International Hotel. "She filled in the word 'clean' in the passenger register. The waiters at the International Hotel rarely watch movies and do not know Ying Yin. He was surprised by the name 'Clean', and when he called the door to see the passengers' movements, Ying Yin replied: 'Don't ring the bell, don't disturb me.' The waiter looked at her face badly, and after half an hour, he called the door and asked her: 'Miss, do you want to use dinner?' Ying Yin was angry: 'You have no end?' Knock on the door again, I'll ignore you. The waiter touched the nail a few times and went to dinner by himself. After dinner, I knocked on the door again, the door was locked, could not open, and there was no movement, so the waiter pried open the door, Andying was lying on the bed, and it turned out that she had eaten a lot of raw opium smoke and passed out. The attendant took her to Baolong Hospital. Who knew that when she arrived at Baolong Hospital, because no one recognized her as Yingyin, she was placed in the corridor to wait for medical treatment. Later, a nurse found out that it was Yingyin, and looked for many film companies to find out that she was an actor of 'Dacheng'. After being transferred to the second-class ward, after enema rescue, Due to the long time of drug use, Ying Yin passed away! And her last words were: "I am sick, I have become a wasted person, left in the world, and useless, so I need to rest all the time..."
However, why did she commit suicide? At that time, there were many opinions, but it was actually related to the arrest and murder of her "lover" Hirasusatsu, who was arrested and killed by the Japanese gendarmerie. Ping Zuren was one of the kuomintang intelligence leaders in Shanghai against Japan, Anding Yin was an important backbone of his subordinates, and his open relationship was "lover". At the end of 1939, Yingyin returned to Shanghai from Chongqing to assist Pingzuren in collecting Japanese and pseudo-intelligence. Major newspapers in Hong Kong have reported that they have created "Yingyin Love" and set off smoke screens to confuse the enemy. After Yingyin arrived in Shanghai, she successively starred in films such as "La Traviata", "Children of the World", and "Sai Jinhua", and secretly actively engaged in underground intelligence work. Unfortunately, in April 1941, Hirazuhito was arrested by the Japanese Gendarmerie. Yingyin tried every means to rescue, and there are sources that say, "There is a pseudo-Jiangsu Education Director Yuan Mou, who has been pursuing Yingyin for a long time, and said that he could save Ping Zuren from prison, but he wanted Yingyin to marry him as a condition." At that time, Ying yin saved her lover's heart, and she was also in danger of exposing her identity, so she did not hesitate to sacrifice herself and commit herself to Yuan Mou. As a result, Hirasusatsu was shot and killed by the Japanese on January 8, 1942. Ying Yinqiang endured the grief, claimed Ping Zuren's body, sent it to the public funeral home, repaired the gun hole in his head, and buried it in the Cemetery of All Nations.
Just like her name, Ying Yin is also a hero among women! Although the country was destroyed and his family was destroyed, his acting career could not continue because of the war, and his artistic talent could not be fully utilized, but compared with his dedication to the great cause of saving the country, how can this be compared with his dedication to the great cause of saving the country! The infine ego has achieved the big self, and the small self has finally sublimated in the big self. At that time, there were about 60 or 70 film and drama colleagues who attended her memorial service, including Fei Mu, Zhu Shilin, Bu Wancang, Yue Feng, Zhang Shankun, Gu Lanjun, Wang Xichun, Li Qinian, Tong Yuejuan, Xia Xia, Lan Lan, Wang Danfeng, Sun Jinglu, Huang He, Gu Yilu, Li Ying, Tu Guangqi, Han Fei, Yan Jun, etc. (Li Hongzhen)