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In the early years of the Qing Dynasty, the Xu family in Kunshan produced three jinshi in a row who had ascended to the top of the first rank (the first three: Zhuangyuan, Bangyan, and Tanhua). These three people are also brothers of the same father and mother, the eldest Xu Yuanwen in the sixteenth year of Shunzhi, the second Xu Qianxue in the nine years of Kangxi to explore flowers, the third Xu Bingyi in the twelfth year of Kangxi to explore flowers, the three brothers are known as "Kunshan Three Xu".
Gu Yanwu statue
Not only that, the "Kunshan Sanxu" learned to be rich in five cars, and also had important relations with many famous literati. First of all, "Kunshan Sanxu" was the nephew of Gu Yanwu, a famous Confucian in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Gu Yanwu was very knowledgeable, and together with Huang Zongxi and Wang Fuzhi, he was known as the "Three Great Confucians" of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and was a generation of masters who inherited the past and opened up the future in the early Qing Dynasty. The famous phrase "The world rises and falls, and the pirate has the responsibility" comes from Gu Yanwu's magnum opus "Rizhilu". The "Kunshan Sanxu" are all Gu Yanwu's nephews, all of whom have been taught by their uncle Gu Yanwu and have successively gone to high school, while the other half-brothers are from unknown origins, which shows that Gu Yanwu's teaching is one of the important reasons for the success of these three brothers' studies.
Portrait of Naranjande
Secondly, Xu Qianxue in the "Kunshan Three Xus" was also the teacher of the famous Qing Dynasty lyricist Naran Zhide (zi Rongruo). During the Kangxi Dynasty, Xu Qianxue was an important figure in the dispute between Nalan Mingzhu and suo'ertu peng. In the early stage, Xu Qianxue and Nalan Mingzhu formed a faction, and the two had a close relationship, and Xu Qianxue naturally became the teacher of Nalan Mingzhu's son Naran Mingzhu. Nalan Rongruo died young, and his epitaph was still written by Xu Qianxue. However, later, the relationship between Xu Qianxue and Nalan Mingzhu gradually drifted apart, and eventually turned against each other, and even Nalan Mingzhu's nephew Fu Lata impeached Xu Qianxue for "showing off bribes and fighting for profits and harming the people" for a total of fifteen major crimes, so that Xu Yuanwen, the old third in "Kunshan Three Xus", died of vomiting blood soon after.
Xu Qianxue presided over the editing of the "Great Qing Unification Chronicle"
Xu Bingyi High School in the "Kunshan Three Xus" was in the twelfth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, and the first name of the same year, Han Lingtǎn, was also closely related to the Xu family. This also starts with Xu Qianxue. In the eleventh year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Xu Qianxue was already the deputy examiner of the imperial examination, and when he examined the examination papers of the Shun tianfu township examination, he picked out Han Ling's examination papers, and Han Ling was selected. Xu Qianxue was indeed wise and talented, and the next year Han Ling participated in the ceremonial examination and actually won the first place in the huiyuan, and then he participated in the palace examination and was even more favored by the Kangxi Emperor and was hand-picked as a champion.