In the hot summer, loofah can be said to be a must-have cool vegetable, and many planting bases will choose to grow loofah, so it is commonly planted throughout the country. Indeed, the planting of loofah has a good prospect, but in the planting process is also prone to some diseases and insect pests, which will bring great losses to growers, especially those planting areas, once the occurrence of pests and diseases, the losses caused may not be predicted, or even without any benefits, let's tell you, loofah in the planting process What are the diseases and insect pests, how to prevent and control?
This disease mainly endangers the leaves of loofah, after the onset of the disease will grow yellow spots, with the continuous spread of the disease, the spots will slowly become plaques, if the air is humid, there will be inky black patches, and finally lead to leaf wilting, a serious decline in yield. The cause of this disease is that downy mildew overwinters on the remains of the disease, and due to the relatively large fluctuations in temperature and the lack of good drainage, this disease is formed.
The prevention and control of this disease should adopt a combination of agriculture and pharmaceutical methods, in agriculture, it is necessary to appropriately increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, so that the resistance of the plant is enhanced. When the disease is first discovered, the leaves of the pathogen should be removed in time to prevent the spread. In terms of medicinal agents, you can use 500 times the methyl frost spirit to irrigate the roots, and for the leaves that are new to the disease, use 2000 times the poison mold spray, spray once every seven days, and spray two or three times continuously.
The main harm of this disease is the fruit of the loofah, and sometimes the vine is also affected, and the initial disease will start from the flower peduncle and then extend to the fruit, causing the fruit to quickly become soft and rotten, and there will be white things on it. This is because molds such as flagella appear on the loofah, which have been spread since the seed and have been spreading continuously, and it may also be that the mold present in the soil is spread through wind and rain and irrigation water.
To prevent and control this disease, we must pay special attention to it from the beginning of the selection of seeds, and the seeds used are disease-resistant varieties, so that they can effectively resist the invasion of diseases. Rotation is implemented during planting, and the use of fields with moderate height and convenient drainage and irrigation is used. If you find that loofah is suffering from this disease, you can spray 40% acedronium aluminum 200 times liquid or 75% bacillus 500 times liquid at the beginning, spray every seven days, two or three times continuously.
This disease will cause plaques on young leaves, slowly turn yellow and wilt, usually the time of onset will be in the summer when the temperature is high, so in the process of planting must be well controlled by temperature. Viral diseases are spread through aphids and sweat, so in addition to controlling the temperature, it is also necessary to take measures to prevent aphids. In addition, it is also necessary to be scientific in the usual management, because it will also be disseminated through agricultural operations.
When cultivating seedlings, it is necessary to ensure that the seedlings are not invaded by germs, and at the same time make the seedlings grow stronger, so as to resist the invasion of diseases and appropriate early colonization. At the beginning of the disease, you can spray 20% of the virus a warm powder 500 times liquid, or 5% bacterial water 500 times liquid, because the spread of the disease is very fast, so it should be prevented and treated as soon as possible to avoid causing greater damage.
This disease will harm the petiole and leaf fruit of the loofah, there will be some irregular patches on the leaves, and in the later stages of the disease, the whole leaf will wither, and the damage to the loofah is very large. However, powdery mildew is not easy to find, so it is easy to be ignored by growers, and the difficulty of treatment will increase a lot when it is found, so the best way is to prevent it early, and spray Erdo liquid around July to prevent it, about once every seven days, spray twice.
The disease is caused by fungi and will appear with rounded plaques, although the patches vary in size and color at different temperatures. Anthrax can be prevented in advance, spraying methylthiophilin wettable powder or anthrax and other drugs can prevent the occurrence of this disease, about 8 days to spray once, spray about 4 times in a row, so growers want to avoid this disease damage loofah, it is best to prevent in advance.
This disease usually occurs the most in July and September, and is a more serious disease. Prevention and control of this disease to observe the growth of loofah, when the larvae just appeared, to remove the damaged curl leaves in time, so that part of the larvae can also be eliminated, to the larval bloom, you can use drugs to eliminate, with 10% cypermethrin 1500 times liquid, 2.5% kung fu 3000 times liquid spray to control. After harvesting, the dead vine leaves should be placed together and burned together, so as to reduce the source of insects.
Usually melon aphids will appear on the back of the leaves, young stems and young shoots, constantly sucking the juice of these parts, resulting in the shrinkage of the leaves, the growth point will also die, but also can spread some other diseases, so the harm caused is very large. In order to reduce the source of insects, all the weeds on the edge of the field should be removed, and if aphids are found, the method of booby traps should be used, and the method of applying machine oil on the yellow plate can be used to attract the melon aphids. At the same time, spray with 90% Wanling 3000 times liquid, and focus on spraying for the parts that often appear in melon aphids.
When this pest occurs, the growth of loofah is very serious, the larvae will suck the leaf flesh in the leaves, forming a curved white worm road, if the disease is serious, it can make a large number of leaves and flowers fall off, and the plant will also have premature aging. If you want to prevent and control this disease and pest, you must do a good job of cleaning the countryside, take the grass and dead leaves out of the field, and burn them with fire, if only the leaves are damaged, they should be removed in time, and they should be concentrated when dealing with it, and must not be thrown away. If it is the use of drugs, it should be done under the length of the worm road below 2 cm, you can use 0.25% Shengbang 1500 times liquid, 1.0% avie worm qing 1500 times liquid, when taking the drug, you must do it, otherwise this insect pest may produce resistance, so it will not have any effect.
Through the above introduction, we have a comprehensive understanding of the diseases and insect pests of loofah, it can be seen that loofah is prone to many problems in the growth process, and these diseases and insect pests will have a particularly large impact on the growth of loofah, seriously damaging the economic returns of growers, so in order to improve their own yield and achieve good returns, we must do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests.