In 220 AD, Cao Pi usurped the Han to establish the State of Wei, and Chinese history entered the Three Kingdoms period, and the three regimes of Cao Wei, Shu Han, and Eastern Wu became a full force until the establishment of the Western Jin Dynasty in 280. The Three Kingdoms were the stage of inheriting the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Western Jin Dynasty, with a lot of fire and chaos, from Cao Pi's establishment of Cao Wei to Sun Quan's establishment of Eastern Wu in 229, the Three Kingdoms were formally established, and the three-legged pattern also lasted for decades. The following is to introduce the emperors of the Three Kingdoms, let's go and see it together!
1. Emperor Wu of Wei: Cao Cao
Cao Cao (155 – 15 March 220). He was an outstanding politician, military, writer, and calligrapher at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the founder of the Cao Wei regime in the Three Kingdoms. Cao Cao served as the Chancellor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and later created him the King of Wei, laying the foundation for the establishment of Cao Wei's state. After his death, he was given the title of King of Wu. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, when the world was in chaos, Cao Cao, in the name of Han Tianzi, conquered the four sides, eliminated Eryuan, Lü Bu, Liu Biao, Ma Chao, Han Sui and other separatist forces internally, surrendered to the Southern Xiongnu, Wuhuan, Xianbei, etc., unified northern China, and implemented a series of policies to restore economic production and social order, expand tuntian, build water conservancy, reward nongsang, attach importance to handicrafts, resettle the exiled population, and implement the "rent modulation", so that the Central Plains society gradually stabilized and the economy turned around.
2. Emperor Wen of Wei: Cao Pi
Emperor Cao Pi of Wei (劉丕) (187 – 29 June 226) was a famous politician and writer during the Three Kingdoms period, and the founding emperor of Cao Wei (reigned 220–226). In the twenty-fifth year of Jian'an (220), Cao Cao died, and Cao Pi succeeded him as Chancellor and King of Wei. In the same year, Yu Zen ascended the throne and took the Wei Dynasty as han, ending more than four hundred years of han rule and establishing the state of Wei. During Cao Pi's reign, he adopted the advice of the official Shangshu Chen Qun and ordered him to formulate the Nine Pin Zhongzheng system in the first year of the Huang Dynasty (220), which became the main system of electing officials during the Wei and Jin Dynasties. Moreover, it pacified the separatist forces around Qingzhou and Xuzhou, and finally completed the unification of the north. In the seventh year of the Huang Dynasty (226), Cao Pi died of illness in Luoyang at the age of forty.
3. Emperor Ming of Wei: Cao Rui
Cao Rui (204–239), also known as Emperor Ming of Wei (reigned from 226 to 239). Zi Yuanzhong, the second emperor of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period, the eldest son of Emperor Wen of Wei, Cao Pi, and the mother of Empress Wenzhao of the Zhen clan. In the third year of the Huang Dynasty (222), Cao Rui was made the King of Pingyuan, and on May 16, the seventh year of the Huang Dynasty (226), Emperor Wen of Wei was critically ill, and Cao Rui was made crown prince, and after Emperor Wen's death, Cao Rui took the throne in Luoyang. During his reign, he commanded Cao Zhen, Sima Yi, and others to successfully defend against many attacks by Wu and Shu, and pacified Xianbei and attacked Gongsun Yuan, which was quite accomplished. In the later period of Emperor Wei's reign, he was indulged in pleasure, built a large number of civil engineering, built palaces, recruited many women, and filled the harem, and the people were tired and servitude. In the third year of the Jing Dynasty (239), Cao Rui died of illness in Luoyang, at the age of six Chinese New Year's Eve, with the temple name Liezu and the title of Emperor Ming.
4. King of Wei Qi: Cao Fang
Cao Fang (232–274), courtesy name Lanqing, adopted son of Emperor Cao Rui of Wei, was the third emperor of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period, reigning from 239 to 254. In the first month of the third year of the Jing Dynasty (239), Cao Fang succeeded to the throne, and in accordance with the will of Emperor Ming of Wei, he issued an edict to assist the imperial government with the great general Cao Shuang and the taiwei Sima Yi, and to command hundreds of officials with Situ, Sikong, Tsukazai, and Yuanfu, and all the palaces and pavilions that were ready to start construction were all deposed, and the slaves over the age of sixty in the official palace and the gongqing palace were allowed to go out to be ordinary civilians. In the sixth year of Jiaping (254), Sima Shi deposed Cao Fang as the King of Qi and made Cao Fu the Duke of Guiguixiang Emperor. Sima Yan proclaimed Wei empress dowager and renamed Cao Fang the Duke of Shaoling County. In the tenth year of the Tai Dynasty (274), Cao Fang died of illness at the age of forty-three, and his courtesy name was Li Gong.
5. Noble Township Duke: Cao Xian
Cao Xi (曹髦) (15 November 241 – 2 June 260), courtesy name Yanshi, grandson of Cao Pi, Emperor Wen of Wei, son of Cao Lin the Prince of Donghai, was the fourth emperor of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period, reigning from 254 to 260 AD. Cao Xian was a noble township duke before he ascended the throne, and after Sima Shi deposed Cao Fang, the king of Qi, Cao Huan was made the new prince, but Cao Huan was very dissatisfied with the arbitrariness of the Sima brothers, and summoned Wang Jing and others in the fifth year of Ganlu (260), saying "Sima Zhao's heart, passers-by know it", leading the servants Li Zhao, Huang Men congguan Jiao Bo, etc., to grant armor and weapons, and led hundreds of servants to fight, but this action was known to Sima Zhao, and at the behest of Sima Zhao's confidant Jia Chong, Cao Xian was killed by the warrior Chengji, only 20 years old.
6. Emperor Yuan of Wei: Cao Wan
Cao Yan (246–302), real name Cao Huang (曹璜), courtesy name Jingming, was a native of Peiguo County (沛国谯县, in present-day Bozhou, Anhui), grandson of Emperor Cao Cao of Wei, son of Cao Yu the Prince of Yan, the last emperor of the State of Wei during the Three Kingdoms period, reigning from 260 to 265. In the third year of Ganlu (258), he was enfeoffed as the Duke of Changdao. In the fifth year of Ganlu (260), Emperor Wei's noble township duke Cao Hui was killed by Chengji, and Sima Zhao consulted with his courtiers to make Cao Huan emperor and enshrined The Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui. Although Cao Huan was named emperor, he was actually a puppet of Sima Shi. In the second year of Xianxi (265), after Sima Zhao's death, his son Sima Yan took the throne as King of Jin and usurped the power of the State of Wei, the State of Wei fell, and Cao Yan was demoted to the title of Prince of Chenliu. In the first year of Tai'an (302), Cao Huan died at the age of fifty-eight, and his courtesy name was Emperor Yuan.
1. Emperor Zhaolie of Han: Liu Bei
Liu Bei (161 – June 10, 223), also known as Emperor Zhaolie of Han (reigned 221–223), courtesy name Xuande, was a native of Zhuo County, Zhuo County, Youzhou (present-day Zhuozhou, Hebei Province) at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a descendant of Liu Sheng, king of Zhongshan Jing in the Western Han Dynasty, and a founding emperor and statesman of the Shu Han Dynasty during the Three Kingdoms period. During the Battle of Chibi, Liu Bei and Sun Quan allied themselves to defeat Cao Cao and take advantage of the situation to capture Jingzhou. And then enterprising Yizhou. In the first year of Zhang Wu's reign (221), he was proclaimed emperor in Chengdu, with the state name Han and the historical title of Shu or Shu Han. In the third year of Zhang Wu (223), Liu Bei died of illness in the White Emperor's City at the age of sixty-three, with the title of Emperor Zhaolie, the temple number of Liezu, and the burial of Huiling. In later generations, many literary and artistic works have taken it as the protagonist, and there is a Zhaolie Temple in Chengdu Wuhou Ancestral Hall as a memorial.
2. Emperor Xiaohuai of Han: Liu Chan
Liu Chan (shàn) was born in Jingzhou in the twelfth year of Jian'an (207-271). That is, Emperor Xiaohuai of the Shu Han Dynasty (reigned 223-263), also known as the Later Lord. When he was young, he suffered many hardships, but fortunately the general Zhao Yun was rescued twice, Liu Bei ding Yizhou and then entered Shu, and after the establishment of Shu Han, he was made crown prince. In the third year (223) of the Shu Han Zhangwu, he succeeded to the throne as emperor, changed Yuan Jianxing, worshiped Zhuge Liang as his father, and supported his Northern Expedition, and later supported Jiang Wei's Northern Expedition, and later favored Huang Hao, causing shu Han to gradually weaken. In the sixth year of Jing Yao (263), Wei sent Deng Ai from Yin ping into, Ke Mianzhu, killed Zhuge Zhan's father and son, and Liu Chan surrendered. After the fall of the Shu Han Dynasty, Liu Chan and some Shu Han ministers were moved to Luoyang to live and were given the title of Duke of Anle, and died in Luoyang in the seventh year of the Western Jin Dynasty (271) at the age of 64.
1. Emperor Wulie: Sun Jian
Emperor Wu of Wu (155–191), courtesy name Wentai, was a Han Chinese native of Fuchun, Wu Commandery (present-day Fuyang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang), and a descendant of the military warrior Sun Wu during the Spring and Autumn Period. Sun shi served as an official in Wudi for generations. The home is in Fuchun, and the ancestral tomb is in the east of the city. Before The birth of Shi Zai Sun Jian, the number of ancestral graves of the Sun clan was strange. Five-colored clouds, connected to the sky, spread for miles and miles. General and warlord at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, founder of the State of Wu in the Three Kingdoms. The history books say that he was "extraordinary in appearance, sexually broad, and curious." He participated in the campaign against the Yellow Turban Army and the campaign against Dong Zhuo. He was killed while fighting Liu Biao. Because of the official to the general of the broken, also known as "Sun Breaker". His descendants were the founding emperors of Sun Wu. Sun Quan declared himself empress dowager and posthumously honored Sun Jian as Emperor Wulie.
2. King Huan of Changsha: Sun Ce
Sun Ce (175 – May 5, 200), courtesy name Bofu, was a native of Fuchun, Wu Commandery (present-day Fuyang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang). In order to inherit the legacy of his father Sun Jian, In the second year of Xingping (195), Sun Ce obtained Yuan Shu's permission and prepared to cross the Yangtze River in the east, attack Fan Neng and Yu Mi at Hengjiang, and attack Zhang Ying at Danglikou. Sun Ce came to Qu'a and used Qu'a as a base to fight a decisive battle with Liu Sui of Yangzhou, where he defeated Liu Sui. In the first year of Jian'an (196), Sun Ce led an army to attack Wang Lang and Yan Baihu of Wu County. In April of the fifth year of Jian'an (200), just as Sun Ce was preparing to send an army north, he was wounded by the Assassins during the Dantu hunt and died shortly after, at the age of twenty-six. His younger brother Sun Quan took over Sun Ce's forces and posthumously honored Sun Ce as the Huan King of Changsha.
3. Emperor Wu: Sun Quan
Sun Quan (182 – 21 May 252), courtesy name Zhongmou, was a native of Fuchun, Wu Commandery (present-day Fuyang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang). Founder of Sun Wu during the Three Kingdoms period (reigned 229–252). In the first year of Huang Wu's reign (222), Sun Quan was crowned King of Wu by Emperor Cao Pi of Wei and established the state of Wu. In the same year, Liu Bei was defeated in the Battle of Yiling. In the first year of Huanglong (229), he was officially proclaimed emperor in Wuchang, with the state name Wu, and soon moved the capital to Jianye. Sun Quan claimed the title of empress, set up agricultural officials, implemented tun tian, set up counties, and continued to suppress Shanyue, which promoted the economic development of Jiangnan. On this basis, he sent people to the sea many times. In the second year of Huanglong (230), Sun Quan sent Wei Wen and Zhuge zhi to Dayi Prefecture. He died of illness in the first year of the Taiyuan Dynasty (252) at the age of seventy-one, reigning for twenty-four years.
4. King Wuhuiji: Sun Liang
Sun Liang (243-260), courtesy name Ziming, was the second emperor of the State of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period, reigning from 252 to 258 AD. Empress Pan, the seventh son of Emperor Wu's Sun Quan, was known in history as Hui ji wang, Wu Shao Emperor, and Wu Deposed Emperor. In the first year of Jianxing (252), he ascended the throne at the age of ten, and in the second year of Taiping (257), he was pro-government at the age of fifteen, but a year later (258) he was deposed by the powerful minister Sun Qiao as the Prince of Huiji. In the third year of Yong'an (260), Sun Liang was demoted to the rank of Marquis-in-waiting, committed suicide on his way to the fiefdom (it is said that he was poisoned), and died at the age of 18. During the Taikang period of the Western Jin Dynasty, Dai Xian, an official who had previously served in the State of Wu, buried Sun Liang's remains in Laixiang.
5. Emperor Jingdi of Wu: Sun Xiu
Sun Xiu (235 – 25 July 264), also known as Emperor Jing of Wu (reigned 258–264), was the third emperor of the State of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period and the sixth son of Sun Quan the Great. On September 26, the third year of the Taiping Dynasty (258), Sun Xiu launched a coup d'état, deposing Sun Liang as the Prince of Huiji and installing Sun Xiu as emperor. Sun Xiu ascended the throne and made Sun Qiu the Prime Minister. During Sun Xiu's reign, he promulgated a good system to benefit the people and promote the prosperity of Eastern Wu. Sun XiuHaowen, after taking the throne, founded the Guoxue in the first year of Yong'an, set up the Taixue doctorate system, and established the Doctor of the Five Classics, which was the abuse of Nanjing Taixue, and Wei Zhao was the first doctor to offer wine. In the seventh year of Yong'an (264), Sun Xiu died, and was buried in Dingling.
6. Wu Wucheng Marquis: Sun Hao
Sun Hao (242–284), also known as Emperor Wu (reigned 264–280). Zi Yuanzong (字元宗, literally Chinese: 字元景, from the Book of Records Yuangui) is a Pengzu, zihaozong. Grandson of Emperor Wu sun quan, son of the deposed crown prince Sun He, the last emperor of the State of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. After Sun Hao took the throne, he took a series of measures to consolidate his position. He was rewarded with a large number of rewards, and he would welcome the meritorious minister PuYangxing, add the title of Shizhong (侍中), concurrently lead Qingzhou Mu (青州牧), promote the left general Zhang Bu to the rank of General of the Horse Riders, and add the title of Shi Zhong (侍中), and then promote Wu Guosu's generals Shi Ji and Ding Feng to the left and right Sima to win over his subjects. In the fourth year of the Tianji Dynasty (280), the state of Wu was destroyed by the Western Jin Dynasty, and Sun Hao surrendered to the Western Jin Dynasty, was made the Marquis of Guiming, and died in Luoyang four years later.
【Disclaimer】If it involves the content of the work, copyright and other issues, please contact this site within 30 days, we will delete the content in the first time! Some articles are reprinted, and not used for any commercial purposes, we have tried our best to notify the author and source, but the ability is limited or negligent, resulting in omission, please contact us in time, we will immediately correct or delete the relevant content according to the requirements of the copyright owner. This site has the right of final interpretation of this statement.
-end-