Qin Shi Mingyue Han Shi Guan, the Long March of Ten Thousand Miles has not been returned.
But to make the Dragon City fly will be, not to teach Humadu Yin Mountain.
This poem was composed by Wang Changling, a famous border poet of the Tang Dynasty, and the first two sentences are famous sentences for writing scenery, and its artistic conception is far-reaching, unparalleled in thousands of years, and I privately think that there is only "the desert is lonely and straight, and the long river is full of sunset." "It's comparable. The Ming Dynasty poet Li Panlong praised the poem as a work of the Tang Dynasty's Seven Absolute Scrolls.
Wang Changling
When Wang Changling was about twenty years old, he left his hometown and began a career of traveling around and learning. At that time, the Tang Dynasty was at the peak of China's ancient feudal society - the early days of the Kaiyuan Dynasty, when Tang Xuanzong Li Longji, who had just taken the throne, was young and vigorous, and the entire Tang Empire was also as brilliant as the rising sun.
Therefore, after experiencing the most prosperous era, when the suffering comes later, what you think of in your heart is the glorious era of the past.
Kaiyuan prosperous
Roughly speaking, in the twelfth year of the New Century, that is, in 724, Wang Changling was twenty-seven years old, and he went to Helong to go out of the Jade Gate. Coming to the edge of the rolling desert, although south of the desert, the Tang Dynasty was shrouded in the aura of prosperity, singing and dancing; but between the boundless grassland and the yellow sand in the north, it was no longer peaceful.
At that time, the northern border of the Tang Dynasty was already in danger. Wu Zetianshi
Today's Jade Gate Is Closed
During this period, Khitan Li Duzhong rebelled against the Tang Dynasty and captured Yingzhou. Li Duzhong, who claimed to be the Supreme Khan, invaded the Hebei region and launched the Battle of huanghuanggu, almost completely annihilating the Wuzhou army.
Later, Li Duzhong fell ill and died, and his subordinates were also suppressed by the Tang army, but the Turks in the Anxi region were rampant, and the Tang Dynasty's Anbei capital was forced to move south.
Battle of the Yellow Badger Valley
It was not until the kaiyuan period that Tang Xuanzong listened to Zhang Shuo's suggestions, reformed the "prefectural military system" and land policy, and after several years of war, gradually recaptured Yingzhou, stabilized the northern border, and relocated the capital of Anbei.
That is to say, on the way back to the anbei capital, Wang Changling saw the wind and sand of the desert, saw the hardships of the soldiers, saw the fierceness of the border war, and recalled that during the Qin and Han Dynasties, there were 400,000 troops of Meng Tian attacking the Xiongnu in the north, and in the south of the Yin Mountains, the Hu people did not dare to go south to herd horses; there were Han family iron horses, Wei Qing, Huo Zhiyi, and other Han generals, the Great War of the Desert North, and the Feng Wolf Juxu.
In the face of this scene and the glorious history in history, Wang Changling sighed infinitely, lamenting the continuous war at the border pass, lamenting that the country was unscrupulous and could not destroy the enemy in one fell swoop, and that the enemy did not dare to offend the border.
Therefore, he wielded his pen and ink, in this endless wind and sand, in this battlefield where the warhorses roared and the soldiers fought in blood, he wrote down his best expectations, which was later passed down as a classic sentence: "But let the dragon city fly in the future, do not teach Humadu Yin Mountain!" ”
Yes, if there is a flying general how good, there are famous generals guarding the border pass, the Hu people who fight have already been frightened, then the world will be peaceful, and the people and soldiers will not have to suffer from war, but it is a pity that the country has no conscience!
So who is the "Dragon City Flying General" who makes Wang Changling deeply remember and miss here? There are several theories so far, let's take a look at each of them together to see which is the most likely!
1. The most intuitive example is that in the language textbook, it is clearly stated that the flying general refers to "flying general Li Guang".
Language teaching material "Out of the Jam"
2. The "Book of Han, Li Guangsu Jian's Biography" records: "Guang zai county, the Xiongnu number "Han Fei General", avoided it, several years old did not enter the boundary. Li Guang was proficient in horseback archery and bravery in battle, so his battle achievements were remarkable, and the Hu people honored him as "Flying General", and did not dare to attack for several years.
Moreover, during the Tang Dynasty, the great name of the flying general Li Guang had long been well known to everyone. During the reign of Emperor Dezong of Tang, Li Guang was listed as one of the "Sixty-Four Generals of the Martial Temple".
"Miscellaneous Poems of Qinzhou": Therefore, the old Sifei will discuss when to build an altar. This is Du Fu's work, and the flying general in it refers to Li Guang.
"Ancient Wind": Who pities Li Feijian, the white head has no three sides. This is li bai's work, Li Fei's general, referring naturally to Li Guang.
Therefore, we can draw a conclusion that the name of General Li Guangfei was still very influential in the Tang Dynasty.
Before the Tang Dynasty, the most outstanding generals who fought against the nomads in the north, when Wei Qing and Huo went ill.
Wei Qing attacked the Xiongnu seven times in his lifetime, defeated the strong with weakness many times, and made many military achievements, he and Huo Wentong's uncle and nephew, commanded the Iron Horse of the Great Han, and in the northern desert, they launched several decisive battles with the main forces of the Xiongnu, and finally achieved incomparably brilliant results, eliminating the plague of the Xiongnu that threatened the Han for decades in one fell swoop, and his merits were still fascinating for thousands of years.
In the sixth year of Yuan Guang, that is, around 129 BC, the Xiongnu raised troops to the south. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty dispatched four attacks: the che general Wei Qing out of Shanggu, the riding general Gongsun Ao from Dai County, the light car general Gongsun He from the clouds, and the Xiao riding general Li Guang from Yanmen.
The four generals each led 10,000 cavalry to meet the Xiongnu. On the other three routes, Li Guang's troops were defeated and captured, most of Gongsun Ao's cavalry was beheaded, and Gongsun He returned without success. Wei Qing's first expedition, deep into the dangerous situation, coincidentally avoided the main force of the Xiongnu, directly attacked the Xiongnu sacrifice heavenly holy land Dragon City, and in the Battle of Longcheng, the first 700 people were captured, and victory was won. Later, the Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei wrote: "Wei Qing was undefeated by Tianxing, and Li Guang had no merit. ”
Dragon City Battle
This is the famous Dragon City Victory, the first victory since the Han Dynasty against the Xiongnu. This battle is of great significance!
Thanks to Wei Qing's meritorious service, and the Great Victory of Longcheng, compared with Li Guang's record, many people feel that from the record, Li Guang did not have the ability to "not teach Humadu Yinshan", but Wei Qing, the record is too prominent, and there is a Great Victory of Longcheng, so it is believed that the Flying General of Longcheng refers to the great general Wei Qing.
The third theory is the Dragon City Flying General, which refers to two people, namely Wei Qing and Li Guang.
If the Dragon City refers to Wei Qing, then the "Dragon City" here is a specific location, which refers to the Dragon City of the Great Victory of the Dragon City, is it appropriate?
Seal the wolf juxu
During the Tang Dynasty, Dragon City appeared in poems many times.
"Three Miscellaneous Poems, Three": Who can take the drum, one is to take the Dragon City. The Dragon City here refers to the capital of the Hu people.
"Out of the Plug": The champion is near the Han Sea, and the long flat wing is windy. The cloud crossed the tiger and hugged the dragon city rainbow. Combined with the context, it may refer to the dragon city where Wei Qing broke the Xiongnu.
"Ridge Head Water": It is said that it flows west into puhai, and it also smells that it goes north to go around the Dragon City. The Dragon City here also refers to the capital city of the Hu people.
From the many Tang poems we can draw a conclusion, if there is no specific reference in the text, Dragon City, generally refers to the capital of the Hu people! Dragon City is not a fixed location for the nomadic regime, and any place where the leader of the nomadic people is located can be called Dragon City.
Therefore, the statement that "Dragon City" refers to Wei Qing alone seems a bit far-fetched.
Is it Wei Qing or Li Guang? I think that Wei Qing's possibility is still greater!
Although Li Guang was very brave in battle and very strong in martial arts, he liked the courage of a puppeteer, and his personal heroism was very heavy. In terms of actual combat results, only in small-scale battles of a few dozen or hundreds of people were victorious, and all the Major Sino-Hungarian Wars that they participated in ended in failure, and compared with Wei Qing and Huo Qi's illness at that time, the gains were negligible, and even had the experience of being captured. Wang Bo also wrote in the "Preface to the Pavilion of King Teng": "Li Guang is difficult to seal", which just shows that his battle record against the Xiongnu is really not very good. Therefore, although he has the name of "Flying General", it is only because of his personal bravery and martial arts that he has not yet reached the point of "not teaching Humadu Yin Mountain".
Therefore, based on the above reasons, I think that "Dragon City Flying General" should refer to Wei Qing.
I don't know who everyone thinks it is? Welcome to leave a message to discuss and share ideas!