Source: People's Daily - People's Daily
Kaizhou District of Chongqing Municipality has vigorously promoted environmental remediation and the construction of drainage pipe networks, improved the living environment, and the wetland park has a pleasant ecology. Photo by Liu Xiao (People's Vision)
Doing a good job in sewage collection and treatment and resource utilization is an important starting point for coordinating the governance of water resources, water environment and water ecology, and in-depth fighting the battle against pollution, and plays an important role in improving the urban living environment, promoting the modernization of urban governance system and governance capabilities, and accelerating the construction of ecological civilization.
A few days ago, the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference held a bi-weekly consultation forum, and 11 members and experts made suggestions and suggestions around the theme of "promoting the quality and efficiency of urban sewage treatment". Everyone believes that China's urban sewage treatment industry started late and developed rapidly, especially since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the shortcomings of sewage treatment facilities have been accelerated to make up for, and the results of urban black and odorous water remediation are obvious, but at the same time, there are insufficient investment in pipe network construction, policy standards are not coordinated, sewage treatment facilities overload operation and equipment idle coexistence and other issues, to promote urban sewage treatment to improve quality and efficiency is still a long way to go.
Find out the bottom number and make up for the shortcomings of the urban sewage pipe network
Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress has revised the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law and other laws and regulations, the State Council has formulated and promulgated the "Regulations on Urban Drainage and Sewage Treatment", and various localities and departments have done a lot of work, and China's urban sewage treatment has achieved positive results. As of 2020, the sewage treatment capacity of cities and counties across the country will reach 230 million cubic meters per day, and the length of the sewage pipe network will reach 600,000 kilometers, effectively improving the urban living environment.
Water pollution is manifested in the water, the root cause is on the shore, the core is in the pipe network, and the pipe network is the key and weak link of the urban water system governance. However, due to the unclear number of pipe networks and the long-term lag behind the needs of urban development, the shortcomings of sewage treatment facilities and the problem of arrears are still prominent.
Zhang Baoshun, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of the Population, Resources and Environment Committee, believes that the top priority at the moment is to speed up the completion of the shortcomings of urban sewage collection and treatment facilities. The first task is to find out the bottom number, especially to concentrate on finding out the bottom number of facilities such as the urban sewage pipe network, grasping the total number of pipe networks, the distribution of blank areas, and the number of mixed and wrong connections, leaks, and old and damaged pipe networks that need to be updated and repaired urgently. "Only by finding out the 'bottom of the family' can we know where the shortcomings and weaknesses are, and can we make up for all kinds of shortcomings as soon as possible." Zhang Baoshun said.
"The laying and maintenance of underground pipes in older towns is one of the priorities." Huang Ruohong, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and chairman of Lico Group (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd., who participated in the meeting through video link, found in the survey that the old city neglected the laying of underground pipelines in the past, many drainage pipes and municipal pipelines have not yet been connected, and even no drainage design, insufficient rain and sewage diversion, and the sewage collection rate is generally not high.
Huang Ruohong suggested increasing investment and support for the construction and maintenance of urban sewage pipe networks, in view of the problem that the construction quality and follow-up maintenance of community pipe networks are not in place, special residential maintenance funds can be clearly used for the maintenance of relevant pipelines and facilities in the property management area in relevant laws and regulations.
Wang Fuming, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and dean of the School of Civil Engineering of Sun Yat-sen University, introduced that the scale of urban underground pipelines in China is huge, the total length of drainage pipes alone exceeds 700,000 kilometers, and the problem of disrepair is widespread, and problems such as leakage, corrosion, cracking, and settlement of pipelines cannot be dealt with in a timely manner, resulting in the leakage of a large amount of water resources, the reduction of sewage treatment efficiency, and the impact of urban drainage and flood prevention. In this regard, Wang Fuming suggested: "Organize a well-known expert and technical team in the country to conduct centralized consultation, classification diagnosis and treatment, and symptomatic treatment of the test results of the drainage pipe network, and comprehensively improve the level of disease control in the drainage pipe network." ”
Establish a long-term mechanism to promote the resource utilization of sewage sludge
Promoting the quality and efficiency of urban sewage treatment is related to the safety of people's livelihood and the well-being of the people. In the view of E Jingping, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of the Population, Resources and Environment Committee, the top-level design should be made for the construction and operation of sewage collection pipe networks, sewage plants, and reclaimed water plants. "Improve the norms, standards and systems of sewage treatment as soon as possible, and clarify the goals and tasks of construction and management." E Jingping suggested.
"In view of the separation of municipal sewage treatment plant networks, multi-head supervision and fragmentation governance, we should accelerate the reform of the management system and promote the formation of an efficient operation and management body." He Baoxiang, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and vice governor of Hunan Province, suggested that all localities take the lead in integrating the relevant operating entities and assets of the urban water system with state-owned backbone enterprises as the main body, so as to realize the integration of water-related affairs such as drainage, water supply, reclaimed water, rivers and lakes into the same subject centralized planning, construction, operation and management.
He Baoxiang's views were endorsed by the committee members present. It is generally believed that the drainage management mechanism should be innovated, the integrated operation of the "plant network, rivers and lakes" should be promoted, the integrated reform of "supply and discharge and clean governance" should be deepened, the mode of separate treatment in the past should be changed, the transformation of drainage management should be promoted from extensive to refined, the systematic and completeness of domestic sewage collection and treatment should be guaranteed, and the mechanism foundation for improving quality and efficiency and maintaining long-term efficiency should be consolidated.
The "14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Urban Sewage Treatment and Resource Utilization" proposes to strengthen the construction of recycling facilities, promote the utilization of resources, solve the difficulties of sludge disposal, and realize harmless promotion of resources. In this regard, Ding Guijie, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and director of the Guizhou Provincial Forest Resources and Environment Research Center, suggested that the allocation system for the diversified utilization of reclaimed water should be improved and a long-term mechanism for the development and utilization of sludge resources should be built.
"Improve the construction of reclaimed water transmission and distribution pipe networks and utilization facilities, and explore the inclusion of reclaimed water pipe networks into the overall planning of urban underground pipe networks." At the same time, we will increase the research and funding investment on the efficient resource utilization of energy and substances in the sludge, and formulate the standards for the construction of sludge resource disposal facilities and the standards for comprehensive utilization products as soon as possible. Ding Guijie said that in view of the problems of individual industrial wastewater discharged into the urban domestic sewage treatment system and the additional pollution caused by the sludge of urban sewage plants, it is necessary to improve industrial sewage treatment and meet the discharge standards, increase the detection and monitoring of harmful substances, and strengthen the supervision of industrial sewage discharge.
In terms of the price of sewage pipe network, He Baoxiang suggested that with the goal of enhancing the "hematopoietic function", accelerate the pilot of the market-oriented sewage pipe network price reform mechanism, scientifically formulate sewage treatment fee standards, steadily promote the collection of sewage treatment fees, reasonably establish a differentiated sewage treatment fee collection mechanism, and attract more market players to participate in pipe network investment. In this regard, Tang Dengjie, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, responded on the spot that according to the polluter payment principle, the urban sewage treatment fee is paid by the drainage unit and the user, and is specially used for the construction and operation of centralized urban sewage treatment facilities and sludge treatment. Up to now, more than 90% of the sewage treatment fee standards of cities in the country have basically covered the cost and are reasonably profitable.
Improve the scientific, informatization and intelligence level of urban sewage treatment
"The urban pipe network is not only the inner part of the city, but also the lifeline and blood vessel of the city." Wang Fuming said that the effective treatment of urban sewage will strongly support urban economic and social development and the improvement of human settlements. However, the underground pipe network is highly hidden, complex and changeable, difficult to rectify, insufficient scientific and technological innovation ability, and lack of senior professional talents.
Wang Fuming suggested accelerating the layout and construction of a national-level underground pipe network technology innovation platform, while strengthening the training of underground pipeline professional and technical personnel, relying on relevant universities and vocational and technical colleges, setting up underground pipeline majors or directions, building underground pipeline teacher training and internship training bases, and improving the technical level of professionals at all levels in the field of underground pipelines.
Strengthening the support of science and technology and talents is a key link in the effective treatment of urban sewage. During the discussion, the committee members generally held that it is necessary to make breakthroughs through independent innovation and earnestly improve the scientific, informatized, and intelligent level of urban sewage treatment.
Cheng Jing, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and chairman of Beijing Zhongguancun Hard Innovation Space Technology Co., Ltd., found in the survey that china's current technology in removing pollutants is at a leading level, while the high-quality development of sewage treatment to improve quality and efficiency still needs to strengthen scientific and technological support. To this end, Cheng Jing suggested that we should strengthen the research and development of source patented technology and subversive technology, especially to strengthen the research on sewage treatment technology and special chips for monitoring water quality in emerging industrial fields such as medicine, electronics, vaccine water, etc., and openly solicit research teams and innovative achievements from the public; encourage interdisciplinary and cross-field cross-innovation, and promote collaborative innovation between ecological environment governance technology and life sciences, new materials, artificial intelligence and other disciplines.
Cheng Jing's suggestion was endorsed by Wang Meihua, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and deputy chief engineer of Shanghai Construction Engineering Group Co., Ltd. She said that in combination with the construction of smart cities, it is necessary to concentrate on improving the network system and the intelligent perception monitoring system of water infrastructure; cities at or above the county level should accelerate the construction of water data centers that integrate geographic information data, monitoring data and business data, improve the construction of information business application systems in the water industry, and vigorously promote the integration of smart water.
"At the same time, it is recommended to implement intelligent linkage and dynamic update of water system data, establish methods and mechanisms for verifying the quality of geographic information system (gis) data and monitoring data; strengthen the research and development and application of key monitoring equipment such as drainage facility flow, promote the development and application of commercial drainage model software; improve water information data protection technology, and strengthen research on security technologies such as data encryption." Wang Meihua said.
Typography: Zhang Fangman
People's Daily (18/11/2021)