Morning glory, a genus of morning glory in the family Whirling family, is an annual winding herb. The flowers of this plant resemble trumpets, so some places call it trumpet flowers. Planting morning glory is generally sown in the spring, summer and autumn flowering, its varieties are many, the color of the flower is blue, crimson, peach, purple, etc., there are also mixed colors, the petal edge changes more, is a common ornamental plant. The fruit is ovoid in shape and can be medicated. Morning glory leaves are triforated and heart-shaped at the base. The flowers are white, fuchsia or purple-blue, funnel-shaped, and have coarse hairs throughout the plant. The flowering period is at its peak in summer. Seeds have medicinal properties.
Axillary flowers, single or usually 2 flowers born at the top of the inflorescence peduncle, the length of the inflorescence stem varies, 1.5 to 18.5 cm long, usually shorter than the petiole, sometimes longer, hairs on the same stem; bracts linear or leaf-like, slightly developed hairs; peduncles 2 to 7 mm long; small bracts linear; sepals nearly equal in length, 2 to 2.5 cm long, lanceolate linear, 2 slightly narrower inner surfaces, the outer hairs are developed, the base is denser, sometimes mixed with short soft hairs; the corolla funnel-like, 5 to 8 (~10) cm long, blue-purple or purple-red, the corolla tube is pale; the stamens and peduncles are hidden; the stamens are unequal; the filament base is softly haired; the ovary is hairless, and the stigma is head-shaped.
An annual wrap around the herb, with short, inverted soft hairs on the stem and long, hard hairs that are inverted or developed. [1] The leaves are broad ovate or nearly round, deep or shallow 3 lobes, even 5 lobes, 4 to 15 cm long, 4.5 to 14 cm wide, basal round, heart-shaped, medium lobes oblong or ovoid, tapering or sharply pointed, lateral lobes are short, triangular, sharp or rounded lobes, leaf surfaces or sparse or densely covered with slightly hard soft hairs; petioles are 2 to 15 cm long, and the hairs are the same stem.
It grows at an altitude of 100 to 200 (~1600) meters above sea level in hillside shrublands, dry valley roadsides, garden houses, mountain roadsides, or cultivated.
It is more compliant, prefers plenty of sunlight, and can also tolerate semi-shade. It likes warmth and coolness, and can also withstand heat and heat, but it is not hardy and afraid of frost. Prefers fertile and loose soil piles, can tolerate water wet and dry early, and is more resistant to salinity and alkali. Seed germination is suitable for temperature 18 ~ 23 °C, and seedlings can grow at temperatures above 10 °C.
There are about 60 kinds of morning glory. There are three common types of cultivation:
Split leaf morning glory. The leaves are deeply lobed , with 1 to 3 medium-sized axillaries , and are bluish , rose red , or white.
Round-leaved morning glory, broad-heart-shaped leaves, full margin, small flower type, white, rose red, brilliant blue and other colors.
Large flower morning glory, long leaf stalk, with three lobes, large central lobes, the leaves tend to grow irregular yellow and white patches. The flowers are 1 to 3 axillary, the total stem is shorter than the petiole, the flowers are large, the flower diameter can reach 10 cm or larger, and are native to the Asian and African tropics. This species is the most abundant in Japan, called asagiri flower, and has selected and bred many horticultural varieties, with a variety of flower types and colorful flowers, which are widely popular everywhere.
The ripening period of morning glory is different, and it is easy to crack after ripening, so it should be picked with ripening. The fruit is picked and placed in the shade of the room, and after cracking, the seeds are removed and stored in a cool and dry place. The warm zone of Jiangnan can be sown in multiple seasons and watched for a long time, but it is mainly based on autumn sowing spring flowers and spring sown summer flowers. In the northern region, early flowering can be sown in the greenhouse or greenhouse in spring, and the number of nursery days is 35 to 45 days. Because morning glory seeds have a relatively hard shell, cut the seed coat before sowing, or soak the seeds for 24 hours, and then sow seeds; or place them in a 20~25 °C environment after soaking to germinate, and sow seeds after germination. The seeds disposed of above are faster and uniform than the seeds sown directly. Morning glory seeds are large, but the germination rate is not high, so the ordinary open ground adopts the on-demand sowing method, sowing 3 to 5 seeds each time, and then interplanting seedlings after emergence. After germination, it can be sown directly in the container, and the seedlings can be directly cultivated with a container with a diameter of 7 to 8 cm, and 1 germination seed can be sown in each container. Seedbeds are replanted, and the amount of seeding per square meter of seedbeds is 200-250 grams. The thickness of the cover soil is about 2 cm, and it should not be too thin, otherwise it is easy to be unearthed with a cap. Seeds sown directly without disposal, seedlings emerge within 7 to 8 days under suitable conditions.
The soil for potting can be selected from humus-rich sandy loam soil, which is composed of 4 parts of saprophyll soil, 5 parts of garden soil, 1 part of river sand, and a small amount of bone meal is applied to the bottom of the pot as a base fertilizer. After 1 week of potting, start applying thin liquid fertilizer. During the remaining period, dilute pancake fertilizer or compound fertilizer is applied every 2 to 3 weeks. Spray 1 to 2 times 0.2% aqueous potassium dichlorophosphate during the gestational bud stage, and the flowers will be colorful. Watering should be diligent, especially in summer, watering should be sufficient, but there should be no water in the basin. Morning glory flowers like sunlight and should be placed in the courtyard facing the sun or on the south facing balcony or on the windowsill.
Good varieties must keep good seeds, and when they mature in autumn, they will be classified and labeled for preservation. If a variant appears, it should be retained. After selecting the mother and father, the upper end of the bud is cut off at dusk on the day before flowering, and then the stamens are removed and bandaged in a wax paper bag. The next morning, the wax paper bag is removed, the stamens of the father are used for artificial pollination, and then the wax paper bag is bandaged, and the wax paper bag can be removed after one or two weeks, but the pollination sub-bag must be marked and recorded. In the following year, all the seeds that are hybridized should be planted well, and after flowering, the results can be seen, so that the role of various genetic factors can be studied.