The chaotic world produces heroes, and the Wei and Jin Dynasties and the Southern and Northern Dynasties period can be called the longest span of chaotic times. Not only was it a long time, but it was also the most frequent period of regime change in China's history, and wars of all sizes and the division of feudal military groups never stopped. In the more than 360 years from the Three Kingdoms to the Sui Dynasty, more than 30 large and small dynasties were established in the land of China, and the various regimes attacked each other, or swallowed or encroached upon each other, and it was difficult to find a peaceful day. However, it is precisely because of this special environment that some people have seized the opportunity that is extremely difficult to appear in the Taiping Dynasty, not to mention changing dynasties and establishing political power, at least they are well-known heroes. The Liu Yu I want to talk about today is even more of the best, and the Liu Song regime he established is of epoch-making significance, the end of the Wei and Jin regimes, and the beginning of the era of the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
Liu Yu (劉裕字德舆), nicknamed Ji Nu (寄奴), was a prominent ancestor and was the twenty-second grandson of Liu Jiao, the Prince of Chuyuan, the younger brother of Liu Bang of Han Gao. But no matter how prominent the ancestors are, in Liu Yu's generation, there is no shadow at all, and it is not too much to say that they are downcast. Whether it is Zhu Zongbin's description that Liu Yumendi is only a "low-level scholar clan" of Jiang Zuo, or Chen Yinke's description of a "second-class scholar clan", it shows that his family situation is in decline and does not return to the past.
Liu Yu was born on March 17, 363, the first year of the Jin Dynasty Emperor Xingning, originally the birth of the child was a great joy, but the Liu family was really a family of disciples, Liu Yu's mother fell ill after childbirth, neither a good environment for recuperation, nor the ability to buy expensive medicinal materials, so he died soon after. The mother died but the child was not yet weaned, and the father did not have the money to ask the nursing mother, and in such a dilemma, the father tried to abandon him several times. But the stepmother could not bear it, and under the careful care of the stepmother, Liu Yu finally survived.
Little Liu Yu grew up day by day, but the poor family situation did not change in the slightest, he had no other way, if he wanted to survive, he had to do hard work. Chopping firewood, farming, fishing, selling straw shoes, nothing he had ever done. Struggling on the verge of starvation every day, the temper is not very good, not only is it often angry, it is also very reckless, and sometimes in order to supplement the family, it is necessary to rely on gambling, which is a risky but fast way to make money.
Liu Yu has an outstanding appearance, a strange wind and bone, a height of seven feet and six inches, a reckless but informal personality, and the history books record that "Xiongjie has generosity", very filial piety to stepmother, and a good reputation. However, because of his long-term poverty, he has been despised by the townspeople, and people at that time looked down on him. But there are exceptions to everything, and Wang Mi of the Langya Wang clan is as wise as a torch and appreciates Liu Yu, and Wang Mi once said to him: "Qing should be a hero of a generation." ”
Later, Liu Yu became a great hero who no one in the world could stand out. Not only did it subvert the Eastern Jin Dynasty, establish itself liu song, and open the curtain of the southern and northern dynasties, but also fought all the way, killing five emperors, and it is not too much to say "dragon slaying master". Which five emperors died under Liu Yu's dragon slaying technique, we came one by one.
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The first was Huan Xuan, who was a veritable son of the family, and his father Huan Wen only had his hands covering the sky at that time, and the emperor did not dare to easily offend. Huan Xuan has lived in the center of power since childhood, and his ambitions are increasing day by day. In the first year of the tycoon (403), Huan Xuan finally achieved his long-cherished wish, successfully usurped the throne, and established the Huanchu regime. After ascending the throne, he was arrogant and lascivious, coveting pleasure, and often doing some things that hurt the people and money, and those who followed him could not look at him.
In February of the first year of Yongshi (404), Liu Yu openly opposed Huan Xuan and led an attack. Just three months later, Huan Xuan was cornered and eventually died at the hands of Feng Qian. Although it was not Liu Yu's own hand, it was his own plan that made Huan Xuan completely fail and fall into a desperate situation.
The second emperor was Murong Chao, who was the monarch of Southern Yan. Liu Yu knew that if he wanted to really gain a firm foothold, the threat from the north would have to be eliminated, so he waved his division north, and the first stop was Southern Yan. Murong Chao knew that his own strength alone was not enough, so he turned to Later Qin for help, but the reinforcements were either delayed or few, and they were annihilated before they reached the purpose of support. In February of the sixth year of Yixi (410), the Southern Yan, which was already in chaos inside, was even more panicked under the pressure, Liu Yu led his people to besiege on all sides, and the traitors in the city opened the city gates, and Liu Yu entered smoothly. Although Murong Chao escaped, he did not go far, and was quickly captured, and finally was beheaded in Jiankang.
The third was the Later Qin emperor Yao Hong. Later Qin was not strong at this time, and it was suppressed and feared early, and Liu Yu had not yet arrived at the city, and the internal chaos began. Is there a reason why such a country cannot die? In the thirteenth year of Yixi (417), Liu Yu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty led an army to destroy Later Qin, and after emperor Yao Hong surrendered, he was escorted to Jiankang and beheaded in the downtown city of Jiankang, at the age of thirty.
The fourth and fifth were both emperors of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, one was Sima Dezong and the other was Sima Dewen. As a general of the Jin Dynasty, Liu Yu was famous in the Southern Expedition to the North, and the imperial court's rewards were sent like flowing water. In the fourteenth year of Yixi (418), he was even given the gift of nine tins, which was the highest reward, and then there was no sealing. Emperor An of Jin could not sit still, and Liu Yu also began his own plan to seize power, and the emperor with no name was comparable to a general with real power. In December of the same year, Liu Yu assigned Wang Shaozhi to kill Emperor An of Jin and make his brother Sima Dewen emperor, that is, Emperor Gong of Jin. If it weren't for the sake of looking good, the world would have been surnamed Liu a long time ago.
Later, the puppet emperor Sima Dewen came to power, and he knew very well how his position came to be and who to listen to. So he followed Liu Yu's meaning and did "Zen Rang", thinking that he could save a life. However, Liu Yuxin was fierce, and in order to never have any trouble, he also killed Sima Dewen, who was powerless to resist. At the end of all preparations, Liu Yu ascended the throne in the voice of a hundred officials shouting long live, and was known as Emperor Wu of Song.
The life of "dragon slayer master" Liu Yu was accompanied by the shadow of the sword and light, full of blood, and the so-called one will achieve ten thousand bones. From the four walls of the family to the sitting on the country, he completed a perfect counterattack, and such heroic courage attracted the praise of many posterity. As Xin Shuyi described, "Thinking back to that year, Jinge was an iron horse, swallowing like a tiger. ”